The Diploma Thesis deals with the comparison of English and German textbooks for lower secondary schools from the perspective of vocabulary. The aim of the theoretical part of this Diploma Thesis is to make the readers familiar with the theoretical concepts which deal with the vocabulary teaching and serve as the theoretical source for the processing of the practical part. The aim of the practical part is the analysis of given textbooks for teaching English and German languages at the lower secondary schools. The analysis is not going to be done only on the basis of the theoretical findings, but also on the basis of criteria, which will be determined in the introduction of the practical part. The textbooks are going to be analysed from the perspective of vocabulary at first and then mutually compared.

This diploma thesis deals with the attitude of pupils and teachers towards Russian as the second foreign language in the Czech school environment. The theoretical part of the thesis focuses on the role of Russian in the contemporary world, the history and the current position of teaching the language at Czech schools. What is also described are the linguodidactic and psycholinguistic aspects of foreign language teaching. The practical part of the thesis analyzes the data gained via a questionnaire survey focusing primarily on the aspects of the pupils' motivation to studying Russian and their expectations. It also deals with the attitude of teachers towards teaching Russian as the second foreign language. The main aim of the thesis is to clearly prove or prove false statements about what types of pupils choose Russian and why. The thesis discovers that the most frequent reasons for the choice of Russian as the second foreign language are the simplicity of Russian (resemblance to Czech) and its euphoniousness and language attractiveness. The analysis of the gained data proves false the statement that Russian is chosen primarily by the pupils who dislike foreign languages. On the other hand, it proves the statement that it is often chosen by pupils with special educational needs. The survey also...

Bidirectional transfer in Hindi/Urdu speakers with Czech as a Second Language Nora Melnikova Abstract The aim of this project is to examine the influence of Hindi/Urdu on Czech in advanced Hindi L1 speakers of Czech as a Second Language, as well as the influence of Czech on their respective L1. This is the first project of its kind. So far, there has been no research on Hindi/Urdu L1 speakers of Czech, in spite of the fact that dozens Hindi/Urdu L1-speakers enroll in Czech language courses in India every year and thousands of Hindi/Urdu L1-speakers are permanent or long-term residents of the Czech Republic and have acquired Czech at various levels of proficiency. The practical objective of this thesis is to provide first empirically based insights for teachers of Czech as a Foreign/Second Language to Hindi/Urdu L1-speakers in India and in the Czech Republic, as well as for teachers of other Slavic languages. The study analyzes the language production of 10 Hindi/Urdu L1 speakers who have lived in the Czech Republic for at least 5 years. The analysis is based on recordings of informal conversations. The obtained linguistic data was compared with standard grammatical descriptions of Hindi/Urdu and Czech in order to perform error analysis. With the help of contrastive analysis, errors caused by language...

Introduction: Biofeedback based on sensory substitution is a new method to treat patients with postural disorders. BrainPort provides tongue electrotactile stimulation. This innovative technique was developed for vestibular dysfunction of peripheral origin. Primarily for patients who had no benefits from conventional rehabilitation. Tongue electrotactile stimulation seems to be useful for central vestibula dysfunction as well. We are dealing with effect of BrainPort in therapy of degenerative cerebellar ataxia. We are interested in whether the effects persist for one month after the rehabilitation program. Methods: The methods are applied in 6 patients with degenerative cerebellar ataxia, verified by clinical testing, posturography, and genetic testing or verification of cerebellar lesions by MRI. Patients underwent an 12-day intensive rehabilitation program with BrainPort. Treatment was carried out 2 times a day. Patients were learning appropriate postural corrections to maintain signal in the middle of the tongue. To assess the effect of therapy we used posturography, standardized clinical tests - BESTest, Dynamic Gait Index (DGI) and standardized questionnaires - The Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC) and Dizzines Inventroy Handicap (DHI). The examination was performed before...

The aim of this research is to study the French language used in Belgium, to describe the linguistic situation and some peculiarities of the language there, and to compare it with French language used in France. The author lived in Belgium for nearly six years and compared her experience of the differences between the French language in Belgium with the one used in France. To explore her impressions, she has studied and analysed different sources on the topic and summarised the most important differences. The research is divided in two parts. One gives more general information on Belgium, describes the history of the territory and the linguistic situation of the country to help understand the situation of the French language there. The other, more important part on the language itself describes the phonetic, morphological, syntactic and lexical particularities of Belgian French. The basic conclusion of this paper is that Belgian French is slightly different from French used in France but the differences are not great enough to make understanding between the two nations difficult.

A role of Latinisms in contemporary German language is the subject of this thesis. The thesis has been elaborated on the basis of findings acquired in the course of drafting dictionary entries within a project focused on development of the German-Czech Academic Dictionary. The role of the Latinisms within the German language vocabulary is analysed on the background of a confrontation of entries included in the monolingual dictionary Duden-Deutsches Universalwörterbuch with a structuralist theory of centre and periphery of language. The analyses, elaborated on the data obtained from the Mannheim German Reference Corpus (DeReKo) and the collocation database (CCDB) developed on the basis of the Corpus, are used for the purpose of the confrontation with the above- mentioned premise of the central or peripheral position of Latin loan words.

The thesis is concerned with editorial changes in three of the fairy tales by Božena Němcová (Chytrá horákyně, Čert a Káča, O hloupém Honzovi). The source material is comprised of forty editions; the oldest of the texts is that of the first edition (published 1845-1847), the most recent text was published in 2009. The full texts of the forty editions of the three fairy tales are enclosed on a CD. Editorial changes in the source texts (in contrast to the first edition) have been highlighted. The thesis itself is divided into six main sections. The first section is introductory and it chiefly describes the selection of the material and the method of its processing. The second chapter deals with selected orthographic issues, particularly with the placement of exclamation marks and semicolons, and writing j in the auxiliary verb být in the preterite (šel sem / šel jsem). (Not) writing j in the auxiliary verb být is a stylistic device which helps to distinguish the speech of one of the characters. However, most editors change all forms to the variant with j, whereby the stylistic distinction is lost. The third chapter examines morphology, especially the alteration of selected verb forms. Topics of the subchapters are: supine, participles, past conditional and verb tenses. Editions published after 1989...

Title: Processing of Czech court decisions Author: Bohdan Maslowski Department: Institute of Formal and Applied Linguistics Supervisor: Mgr. Barbora Vidová Hladká, Ph.D. Abstract: The objective of this thesis is a comparison of various language processing methods of Czech case-law documents. In particular, the tasks of extraction of information about parties (names, roles, addresses, etc.) and document classification by two criteria, subject and result have been solved. Machine learning methods are evaluated and compared to rule-based approach. For the purpose of training and evaluation of classifiers, a corpus of 400 Czech case-law documents has been created and manually annotated. The thesis includes a web application used for demonstration of the results of different approaches and a tool for running and evaluation of testing scenarios. Keywords: natural language processing, information extraction, legislative domain, machine learning, rule-based systems

This thesis is focused on the linguistic and didactic interpretation of translation. Its objective is to introduce the reader to the issues of language-focused findings, which are reflected in translators' work and besides, to describe the situation of didactic contribution of translation in second language teaching. The work is divided ino two main parts. In the first one, there is translators' work and his competences being presented on the ground of chosen linguistic theories. These are further extended by a practical part of description and analysis of translation methods. The whole thesis is being closed by the second part which mediates the didactic point of view of the given issue. The basic overview facts of actual situation of the use of translation in modern language classes are summarized in here.

This diploma thesis Extensive reading - Position and Practices of Using Graded Readers in Prague Grammar schools and Students' Attitudes to a Particular Programme presents the phenomenon of extensive reading. It looks into its history, theoretical grounding, the existing body of empirical research, graded readers and benefits for English language teaching and learning. The analytical part gives reasons for the contrast between the great potential of extensive reading for the student's improvement on the one hand, and the implementation which has been infrequent and often at odds with the principles on the other. To find the reasons, the theoretical part analysed the situation of the English language teaching in countries which had implemented extensive reading into the curriculum. In the research part it assesses the scale and the practices of using graded readers in all relevant grammar schools in Prague. In the second part of the survey of grammar schools, it focuses on a grammar school in Mělník, which has been systematically using GRs. It examines the students' attitudes towards the practices of reading GRs in order to assess the potential and the limits of the European Union financed project I read, you read, we read. Key words: Extensive reading, Methodology of English Teaching, Implicit...