The main aim of this thesis was to evaluate the current state of iodine levels in horses from selected farms in South Bohemia. Out of the sample group, no animal with iodine deficiency was detected. Additional objective of this thesis was to assess whether selected horse owners supplement their horses with iodine and what form of supplementation they choose.

Iodine content in excrement. Calibre was locate from 430 {$\pm$} 142,4 {$\mu$}g {$\bullet$} kg-1 bis 6182,5 {$\pm$} 2625,6 {$\mu$}g {$\bullet$} kg-1 dry matter and average 2299,2 {$\pm$} 884,3 {$\mu$}g . kg-1 dry matter. Relation was low from between idoine content in excrement and iodine reception. Environment was not contaminate.

This work deals with the study of dissociation of iodine molecule for Chemical and Discharge Oxygen-Iodine Laser. Chemical way of HI dissociation and discharge way of dissociation of CH3I and CF3I molecules is examined. Main diagnostics method is absorption spectroscopy. Part of the work is also the modeling of system of chemical reactions. Last part of this work is dealing with the study of plasma generated by the radiofrequency generator in the hollow cathode plasma jet system using argon or mixture of argon with iodine. Diagnostic method used is Langmuir probe.

This thesis deals with the activity of a thyroid gland of a goat in terms of an excessive iodine excretion in urine and milk. The milk iodine content as a potential source of iodine for humans is still a significant affair. Five milk collections were done in five observed farms during a lactation period. It was collected 144 individual mixed milk samples from 32 animals in total. Urine collections were made five times in the five observed farms 29 individual urine samples in total from 12 animals. The total iodine excretion in milk and urine was set. The average iodine content in milk of individual farms ranged from 41.72 to 143.54 ?g I.l-1 and the average iodine content in urine of individual farms ranged from 104,1 to 165,3 ?g I.l-1. It appears from that that type of stabling and also ration with mineral supplements have an impact on the iodine content. No impact on the iodine content was registered from lactation stage, age or specific breed. There's possible dependency on iodine content in milk and iodine content in urine.

This thesis deals with the importance of milk as a natural source of iodine in human nutrition. The thesis provides a data of the consumption of milk and milk products and their contribution to the protection needs iodine for students and employees of the University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice. The experiment includes a total of 60 people (20 men and 40 women). Empirical data wasobtained within the grant project named GAJU 011/2013/Z and NAZV QH 81105. Data of consumption of milk and milk products were obtained through questionnaires. For men, average weekly consumption of milk was 826.5? 835.1 ml (118.1 ml per day) and for women 912.4? 783.9 ml (130.3 ml per day). Average consumption of yogurt for men was 361.0? 401.4 g per week (51.6 g per day), for woman 428.4? 338.8 g per week (61.2 g per day) and average consuption of cheese was for men 263.0? 240.5 g per week (37.6 g per day) and for woman was 260.2? 226.5 per week (37.2 g per day). Through the milk and milk products tested, men average 81.6 g of iodine per day, woman adopted 93.4 g. According to the results, the amout of consumed milk and milk products was lower than the nationwide average, but still covered more than half of daily iodine needs. The thesis presents the data of the iodine concentration in urine for students and employees of the University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice (n=62) as an indicator of iodine supply to the organism. The average iodine content in urine of all subjects (men and women) was 230.4? 171.3 gl-1, for men (n=21) reached 244.6? 195.2 gl-1, for women was 223.2? 159.8 gl-1. Results of the average iodine content in urine reflected the physiological range, i.e. for the students and employees of the University of South Bohemia was supply of iodine in organism sufficient. The thesis also provides information about the amount of iodine in asamples of cow´s milk on a selected farm (n=50) of the Jihocesky region, the Plzensky region and Vysocina during the years 2011 - 2013. Samples of cow´s milk were obtained in collaboration with the Central Laboratory of dairy Madeta a.s in Ceske Budejovice and Veterinary Centre s.r.o Susice. In 2011, the average concentration of iodine was 321,0? 337.8 gl-1, in 2012 was concentration of iodine 298.8? 290.8 gl-1 and in 2013 was 234.7? 116.1 gl-1 also otherwise: in all years was it was determined that there was an abundance of iodine. The highest values (315.6? 305.1 gl-1) of iodine was in the Jihocesky region. In Vysocina a lower average level of the iodine was detected (9.5 %), as well as in the Plzensky region where the amount of iodine in milk was lower by 53.7 %, compared to the South Bohemia region and 48.8 % compared to the Vysocina region.

The main goal of my graduation thesis was to review the amount of iodine in raw milk and to consider how does the milk processing influence the changes of iodine{\crq}s content in the milk. This graduation thesis brings current information about the iodine{\crq}s content in raw milk in Czech Republic before its distribution to the market. The samples were extracted in the technology output line in the dairy works during two following years (2005 and 2006). On the whole there were taken 174 samples in which the content of iodine was set by Sandell - Kollthofa method. The average value of iodine in the market milk with 1,55% fat in the year 2005 was 534,9 {$\mu$}g . l-1 and in the year 2006 was 682,0 {$\mu$}g . l-1.

Thyreoideakörteln producerar med hjälp av jod thyreoideahormonerna tyroxin, T4 och trijodtyronin, T3 under inverkan av thyreoideastimulerande hormon, TSH ifrån hypofysen. T3 och T4 har betydelse för kroppens ämnesomsättning. Med thyreoideascinitgrafi studeras thyreoideakörteln efter intravenös injektion av teknetium 99m - perteknetat med efterföljande bildtagning i en gammakamera. Thyreoideascintigrammen utvärderas med avseende på avvikelser såsom struma, ökat, minskat eller ojämnt spårämnesupptag samt varma eller kalla adenom. Studien syftar till utveckling av ett nytt helautomatiskt, användaroberoende program för utvärdering av diagnostiska thyreoideascintigram. Till detta används thyreoideascintigram ifrån undersökningar utförda åren 2008-2013 på klinisk indikation vid verksamhetsområdet bild och funktion, klinisk fysiologi och nuklearmedicin, Skånes universitetssjukhus, Malmö. Utifrån urvalet skapas två olika grupper som båda inkluderar normaltolkade samt patologiska scintigram. Tränings-scintigrammen bearbetas med olika verktyg för upplärning av det nyutvecklade programmet benämnt Weethy och test-scintigrammen används för kontroll av det nya programmets funktion gällande automatisk avgränsning samt beräkning av de båda thyreoidealobernas längd. Av de 162 test-scintigrammen lyckades avgränsningen i 147 av dessa. Resultatet presenteras dels med en statistisk analysmetod kallad Bland-Altmandiagram där överenstämmelse mellan den automatiska avgränsningsmetoden och den nuvarande kliniskt använda avgränsningsmetoden studeras samt i form av test-scintigram valda utifrån olika punkter i detta diagram som visar på olika varianter av överensstämmelse. Generellt ses att den automatiska avgränsningsmetoden ger kortare längder av thyreoideloberna än den idag kliniskt använda. Hitintills framtagna verktyg och dess funktioner samt resultatet av detta tillsammans med ett stort kliniskt material med thyreoideascintigram lägger en bra grund för vidarearbete med programmet. Fler verktyg som visar på att programmet statistiskt sett är pålitligt, behövs för att kunna använda det kliniskt. / Using dietary iodide the thyroid gland produces the hormones thyroxine, T4 and triiodothyronine, T3 under the influence of the thyroid stimulating hormone, TSH, from the pituitary. T3 and T4 are important for the body's metabolism. The thyroid gland is studied with thyroid scintigraphy after an intravenous injection of technetium 99m - pertechnetate and subsequent imaging in a gamma camera. The thyroid scintigrams are evaluated to find abnormalities such as goitre, increased, decreased, or uneven tracer-uptake, and hot or cold adenomas. The study aims to develop a new fully automated, user-independent application for the evaluation of diagnostic thyroid scintigrams. To this end, thyroid scintigrams from studies recorded between the years 2008-2013 on clinical indication at the Department of Medical Imaging and Physiology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, are used. Based on the selection, two different groups that include both normal and pathological interpreted scintigrams, are created. The training-scintigrams, processed with various tools, are used for training the newly developed software Weethy and the test-scintigrams are used to evaluate the new system regarding delineating the gland automatically and calculation of the two thyroid lobes length. 147 of the 162 test-scintigrams were successfully delineated. The results are presented both with a statistical analysis method called Bland-Altman plot where conformity between the automatic delineation-method and the current clinically used delineation-method is studied as well in the form of test-scintigrams selected from various points in this plot showing the variations of conformity. Generally it is seen that the automatic delineating-method gives shorter lengths of the thyroid lobes than the currently clinical used. Developed tools so far, its functions and the results of this, together with a large clinical database of thyroid scintigrams lays a good basis for further work on the program. More tools are needed for the program to make it statistically reliable to use clinically.

Daten der WHO belegen fast weltweit eine Jodmangelversorgung der Bevölkerung. Auch Deutschland wird zu den Jodmangelgebieten gezählt. Um repräsentative Daten zur Jod-versorgung verschiedener Bevölkerungsgruppen in Deutschland nach der Wieder-ver-einigung zu erheben, wurde ein Jod-Monitoring durchgeführt. Das Jod-Monitoring besteht aus 4 Teilstudien. In dieser Arbeit wird die Teilstudie, in der die Jodversorgung junger Männer, in diesem Fall Wehrpflichtige einer bestimmten Alters-gruppe, untersucht wurde, detailliert dargestellt. Dazu wurde die Jodausscheidung und die Jod-zu-fuhr der Probanden ermittelt. Die Jodaus-scheidung wurde in Spontanurinproben gemes-sen. Die Jodzufuhr wurde nach den Angaben eines Fragebogen berechnet. Ergänzend wurde in den Regionen, in denen das Jod-Monitoring durchgeführt wurde, der Jodgehalt in Trinkwasserproben analysiert. Die statistische Auswertung erfolgte im Hinblick auf regionale Unterschiede (Vergleich Nord/Süd und neue/alte Bundesländer). Die Arbeit enthält eine systematische Analyse der erhobenen großen Datenmenge. Daraus lassen sich Erkenntnisse über das Ernährungsverhalten, den Wissensstand zum Thema Jod und über die regionale Ausprägung der Jodversorgung der Probanden gewinnen. Sie bildet somit eine geeignete Basis für spätere prospektive Erhebungen zur Jodversorgung der Bevölkerung in Deutschland. / Data published by WHO prove a world-wide lack of iodine intake by the population. Even Germany is known as area of nutritional iodine deficiency. An iodine monitoring study has recently been undertaken with the aim of collecting representative data from different sections of the German population following reunification. The iodine monitoring project comprised four partial studies. The present paper represents such a partial study, giving details of iodine intake of young men, in this particular case of persons liable to military service of a specific age group. Iodine excetion and iodine intake of the tested persons were determined. Iodine excretion was measured on the basis of spontaneous urinanalyses. Data on iodine supply were determined in accordance with a questionnaire. In addition, the iodine content of drinking water in the areas covered by the study was determined. Statistical evaluation of the data was performed in respect to regional variations (comparing nothern and southern areas and new/old Lands of the Federal Republic of Germany). The study includes a systematic analysis of the voluminous data set. It allows insights into the eating habits, the status of knowledge about the significance of iodine and on the regional state of iodine supply available for the tested persons. Summing up, this study offers itself as a basis for future prospective studies with respect to the iodine supply of the German population.

6 Abstract Basis: This master's thesis deals with the issue of foods affecting thyroid function. The thyroid gland is an important endocrine organ involved in many bodily processes, it is completely dependent on external iodine intake and at the same time it is susceptible to some naturally occurring antinutritive substances. The main subject of research were therefore the sources of iodine and strumigenic substances in the diet and their occurrence in the diet of adults. The main sources for this thesis include the monograph Thyroid Gland, organized by Zdeňka Límanová, websites of professional institutions of the Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic and the World Health Organization and of course current studies dealing with this issue available in world health databases. The topic was chosen by the author on the basis of finding current topics in the field of nutrition, that have not yet been reserched by other students in the Nutrition Specialist field of study in recent years. Aims: The primary goal of the master's thesis was to examine and process current issues of thyroid function, especially in connection with the consumption of foods that affect this function. For this purpose, a questionnaire was compiled to obtain sufficient base and data to determine the average consumption of iodine and...

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