The role of religion in shaping geopolitics and its associated norms is often overlooked by international relations scholars. This influence can be examined through the lives of transnational religious leaders (TRLs), particularly those who contribute to new definitions of state sovereignty through their involvement in regime change. Two seemingly incomparable figures center in this paper's case studies- Pope John Paul II and Abdullah Yusuf Azzam. Pope John Paul, through the roles of pastor to a transnational community and head of an international organization, lent international legitimacy to the Solidarity movement, which contributed to the fall of Communism in Poland. Abdullah Yusuf Azzam authored the theological concept of "defensive jihad", led the transnational Afghan Arabs in armed resistance against Soviet invasion in Afghanistan during the Soviet Afghan war, and contributed to the creation of a global jihadist movement. Traditionally, Westphalian sovereignty claims that the territorial state holds ultimate authority over the affairs within its borders and that it is the primary actor in the international system. This dissertation examines how the characteristics of a TRL and the characteristics of the associated transnational social movement (TSM) qualify regime change as an indicator of challenges to conceptions of Westphalian sovereignty and modern state sovereignty. Characteristics of TRL include leadership style, hard versus soft power, relationship to secularization, and relationship to modernity. Characteristics of TSM include political theology, mobilizing structures, political opportunity structures, and nature of transnational activism. In both case studies, a transnational leader used soft power, based in a transnational religious identity and civil society, to contribute to a transnational social movement that helped alter the domestic authority structures in Poland and Afghanistan. As individual actors determining the actions of nation states, these TRLs ultimately challenged state sovereignty. Pope John Paul II's theological worldview was compatible with the Westphalian system, and he contributed to the birth of a stable, democratic Poland with sovereign authority within internationally respected borders. Azzam, however, envisioned an alternate world order based on religiously defined, pre-Westphalian boundaries. His theological and pragmatic contributions to the Afghan Arabs and the modern day jihadist movement further challenged the Westphalian system. / 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z

This psychobiography is focussed on the life of Pope John Paul II, whose historical personage epitomises the redemptive theme of triumph over tragedy and eternal hope. A phenomenological approach to the study allowed the researcher to observe the subject’s lived experience through the theoretical lens of Erik Erikson’s psychosocial development theory as well has having his faith development illuminated by Fowler’s faith development theory. Together, these theories highlighted significant aspects of Pope John Paul II’s personality development, for the greater purpose of uncovering the significance of his historical personage by reconciling his spiritual, political and academic attributes. This psychobiographical undertaking was grounded in qualitative research in the form of a single case. Two methodological strategies were used in this study. Firstly, Alexander’s model was used to organise, extract, prioritise and analyse data. The indicators of salience ensured that all significant parts of biographical data were carefully considered for analysis. Guba’s criteria for trustworthiness guided the methodology to ensure reliable data extraction and interpretation. Posing specific questions to the data enabled the researcher to extract units of analysis relevant to the aim of the study. Secondly, the use of conceptual frameworks and matrices enabled the longitudinal exploration, categorisation and description of the stages of psychosocial and faith development. The findings of this psychobiographical study of Pope John Paul II strongly support the importance of Erikson’s (1950) theory in understanding the processes of personality development in an individual life. In this psychobiographical study, the complex process of adaption and growth was highlighted by Erikson’s (1950) theory and placed periods of Pope John Paul II’s development in context. This study also demonstrated that gaining meaning in life through faith (Fowler, 1981) provides the individual with greater internal support when adjusting to life changes. Furthermore, greater intentionality on the part of therapists to thread faith and spirituality into their practice, is evidence of the eugraphic impact of this study.

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Thesis (doctoral)--Pontificia Universitas Urbaniana, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [429]-449).

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T12:21:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RUBENS LOPES JUNIORA .pdf: 1157436 bytes, checksum: ad489803e49c83a31f58a9a6890ed059 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-21 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The rhetoric has always been present in civilizations. From Ancient Greece until now, it has been used and studied. In religion, is a formidable source of expression. It was through the rhetoric that Pope John Paul II managed to gain notoriety and engage in cases far beyond religion in the 20th century. He was considered a Pope who used politics and consolidated a new status for the Catholic Church. Thus by analysing the rhetoric of mediation of the Holy see on Beagle Channel in 1979 and rhetorical analysis of Vatican diplomatic actions against the invasion o f Iraq in 2003, this work shows how the religious rhetoric is build, in addition to the consequences that this entails not only for the Church but also to the world. / A retórica sempre esteve presente nas civilizações. Desde a Grécia Antiga até os dias de hoje ela é usada e estudada. Na religião, é uma formidável fonte de expressão. Foi através da retórica que o Papa João Paulo II conseguiu ganhar notoriedade e se envolver em casos muito além da religião no século XX. Ele foi considerado um papa que se utilizou do político e consolidou um novo status para a Igreja Católica. Assim, através da análise retórica da mediação da Santa Sé no Canal de Beagle em 1979 e da análise retórica das ações diplomáticas do Vaticano contra a invasão do Iraque em 2003, este trabalho mostra como se constrói a retórica religiosa, além das conseqüências que isso acarreta não só para a Igreja, como também para o mundo.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2006-03-03Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:34:13Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 andrade_ar_me_assis.pdf: 281777 bytes, checksum: ad1920ddf5ceb042f93fd1b9247f5eec (MD5) / Esta tese refere-se ao estudo da permanência das doutrinas morais da Igreja Católica no Pontificado de João Paulo II através do discurso das encíclicas Veritatis Splendor e Evangelium Vitae, as quais demonstram o interesse da Igreja em resgatar os valores morais tradicionais do catolicismo com o intuito de sensibilizar a população cristã, a fim de manter seus fiéis e recuperar sua identidade. Este resgate dos valores da Igreja Católica ressurge com mais intensidade no papado de João Paulo II, pois a Igreja sente-se confusa após os ideais do Concílio Vaticano II, que apesar de não ter sido colocado em prática, deixou alguns leigos, fiéis, teólogos, padres, bispos e cardeais com expectativa de mudança. No entanto, a Igreja, na figura de João Paulo II retomou seus ideais tridentinos e manteve-se inflexível nas questões morais que tanto afligem a população mundial. / This thesis mentions the study of the permanence of the Catholic Church's moral doctrines in the John Paul II's pontificate through the speech of the encyclicals Veritatis Splendor and Evangelium Vitae, which demonstrate the interest of the Church in rescuing the traditional moral values of the catolicism with intention to sensetize the christian population in order to keep its fidiciary offices and to recoup its identity.This rescue of the Catholic Church's values resurges more intensively in John Paul II's period, cause the Church's members felt confused after the ideals of II Vatican Council, even it was not practiced left some laypeople, fidiciary offices, theologians, priests, bishops and cardinals with hope of changes . However, when almost nothing happened, the Church in the John Paul II's figure reviewed its tridentinos ideals and it was remained inflexible in the moral questions that much afflict the world-wide population.

The thesis named: "The human dignity in the writings of Pope John-Paul II." tries to give a general overview of the theological-anthropological viewpoints of the teaching of the Pope John Paul II concerning the protection of the dignity of human being. The thesis begins by touching the life stages of the Polish priest, bishop and cardinal Karol Wojtyla and later the pontificate of the pope John Paul II. The thesis looks on particular events which had made an impact on his personality orienting his whole being to the protection of human rights and dignity of every human being. The second part of the thesis looks at particular theological- anthropological aspects and statements which make up the corner stones of John Paul II's teaching. The third part then goes on to focus on certain impulses given by the signs of the times and serious topics which lead the pope to raise his voice to call for protection of human rights and dignity of every single human being.