Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-04T11:45:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Onier_Massarini_Junior.pdf: 2523708 bytes, checksum: 9d8277f33e6796842d1b7810f05f5fbf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-08-29 / This work aims to analyze the disclosure level of the Financial Statements published by the Communitarian Investment Companies established in S??o Paulo State, using the accounting information necessary to publishing the financial statements required by the CVM - Stock Exchange Brazilian Commission through its Of??cio-Circular n?? 01/2005 as parameter. Therefore, was made empirical and documental research to value the founded financial statements that were published at the DOESP (Official Paper of S??o Paulo Government) on the 2004 fiscal year. The Communitarian Investment Companies are companies non public companies that have interest in others company as their social principal purpose - mainly medium and small enterprises -, in order to enhancing the economical rate of local development. Besides giving capital risk to other enterprises, Communitarian Investment Companies can use human and technical resources among their shareholders. The statements required by CVM were chosen because they have great expression in the accounting ??rea and are according to good practices of corporate governance and are correspondent to provide more usefull information to decision makings by the users of statements. It was creat an own instrument to value the disclosure of the financial statements because there wasn't another instrument to do this. To validate the hypothesis initial described was studied Accounting mains, general aspects over corporate governance and the quality of accounting information and its usefulness for decision making. At the end of research, was possible confirm that Communitarian Investment Companies have a low level of disclosure, because they publish few information required by CVM, but publish only the legal required one. Was still validate that Cash Flow statement and consolidated financial statement was published by none of the Communitarian Investment Companies. / A presente disserta????o tem por objetivo analisar o grau de evidencia????o das demonstra????es financeiras publicadas por Empresas de Participa????o Comunit??ria - EPC's localizadas no Estado de S??o Paulo, utilizando-se como par??metro as recomenda????es para elabora????o e divulga????o de informa????es cont??beis elaborada pela CVM - Comiss??o de Valores Mobili??rios em seu Of??cio-Circular n?? 01/2005. Para tanto, utilizou-se de pesquisa emp??rica e documental para avaliar as Demonstra????es Financeiras levantadas que foram publicadas no Di??rio Oficial do Estado de S??o Paulo - DOESP em 2004. As EPC's s??o sociedades an??nimas de capital fechado que t??m por objetivo principal participar no capital social de outras empresas - notadamente empresas de pequeno e m??dio porte -, visando o desenvolvimento econ??mico na sua regi??o de atua????o. Al??m de fornecer capital de risco para as empresas investidas, as EPC's podem utilizar, ainda, os recursos humanos e t??cnicos de seu quadro de acionistas. As recomenda????es da CVM foram escolhidas para ser utilizadas como par??metro em raz??o da sua express??o no cen??rio cont??bil, por estar condizente com boas pr??ticas de governan??a corporativa, em conson??ncia com padr??es internacionais de contabilidade e por estar mais condizentes com as necessidades dos usu??rios para suas tomadas de decis??es. A falta de um par??metro pr??prio para a an??lise das demonstra????es financeiras das EPC's acabou resultando na constru????o de um instrumento pr??prio, o qual foi utilizado nesta disserta????o. Para a confirma????o da hip??tese formulada, foi apresentado arcabou??o te??rico, no qual foram apresentados os objetivos da Contabilidade, aspectos gerais de governan??a corporativa, usu??rios das demonstra????es financeiras, e a qualidade da informa????o cont??bil e sua utilidade para a tomada de decis??o. Ao final da pesquisa, foi poss??vel confirmar que as demonstra????es financeiras das EPC's apresentam baixo ??ndice de evidencia????o, pois divulgaram poucas das informa????es recomendadas pela CVM, limitando-se, na maioria dos casos, ??s exig??ncias legais. Constatou-se, ainda, que nenhuma das empresas analisadas n??o apresentaram Demonstra????es do Fluxo de Caixa nem elaboraram demonstra????es financeiras consolidadas.

by Chan Wing Keung, Eddie and Hui Nai Hang, Andy. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1989. / Bibliography: leaves 82-83.

by Anita Mei Che Ip. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1995. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 36). / INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / BACKGROUND OF PEPSI-COLA --- p.3 / HISTORY OF PEPSI-COLA --- p.4 / PEPSICO MANAGEMENT --- p.5 / PEPSI'S GLOBAL PRESENCE & PEPSI´ةS PRESENCE IN THE ASIA-PACIFIC REGION 5 --- p.6 / NEW MARKET STRATEGY --- p.9 / SOFT DRINK INDUSTRY --- p.9 / Concentrate producers / Bottlers / Distributors / CHALLENGES TO THE SOFT DRINK INDUSTRY --- p.12 / THE CHINESE BEVERAGE INDUSTRY --- p.13 / Size and Characteristics / Joint Ventures / Government Regulations / HISTORY OF PEPSI IN CHINA --- p.16 / Bottlers/Partners / Pricing and Advertising / Investment / CHALLENGES FOR PEPSI --- p.17 / Strategy for head to head battle / WHY EQUITY JOINT VENTURES? --- p.18 / STRATEGIC RATIONALE --- p.19 / Under-exploited Market Potential in the Franchise / Window of Opportunity to Widen Gap with Coca-Cola / Profit Opportunity / BUSINESS PLAN --- p.20 / Offensive Thrust / Build Critical Mass / Sustain Leadership / CHINA VISION 2000 - STRATEGIC PRIORITIES --- p.21 / EQUITY JOINT VENTURE STRUCTURE --- p.22 / FINANCIAL IMPACT --- p.23 / CONCLUSION --- p.24 / Consequences of Conversion / Management and National Cultures / The Importance of Nationality / Mental Programming / National Character or National Cultures / Four Dimensions of National Culture / Individualism vs Collectivism / Power Distance / Uncertainty Avoidance / Masculinity vs Femininity / Some Consequences for Management Theory and Practice / Leadership / Organization / Motivation / EXHIBIT 1 - PLANT POSITIONING --- p.31 / EXHIBIT 2 - CHINA SOFT DRINKS MARKET --- p.32 / EXHIBIT 3 - CHINA BEVERAGE INDUSTRY GROWTH --- p.33 / EXHIBIT 4 - PCI AND CCI INVESTMENT --- p.34 / EXHIBIT 5 - CSD PACKAGE MARKET --- p.35 / REFERENCES --- p.36

by Hui Hon Chiu, Jeffrey. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1996. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 36-37). / ABSTRACT --- p.iii / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.v / LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS --- p.vi / LIST OF TABLES --- p.vii / Chapter / Chapter 1. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter 2. --- INVESTMENT IN CHINA --- p.4 / Chapter 3. --- THE CARBONATED SOFT DRINK INDUSTRY IN CHINA --- p.8 / Chapter 4. --- PEPSI-COLA IN CHINA --- p.15 / GZ Bottling Plant --- p.17 / Chapter 5. --- CONFLICTS IN THE GZ BOTTLING PLANT --- p.25 / Cultural Conflicts with PRC Personnel --- p.25 / Disparity Between New and Ex-CJV Employees --- p.28 / Differences in Business Strategy --- p.29 / Chapter 6. --- CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS --- p.32 / Selection of General Manager --- p.32 / Segregation of Chinese Party's Influence in the Joint Venture --- p.33 / Fair Treatment to New and Old Employees --- p.34 / Alignment of Business Strategy --- p.34 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.36

by Lum Ka-Yee. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 34-37). / ABSTRACT --- p.ii / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iii / Chapter / Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter II. --- REFORM OF LEGAL SYSTEM --- p.5 / Stages of legal reform --- p.6 / Legal framework --- p.9 / Features of legal system --- p.12 / Chapter III. --- ROLES OF LEGAL INSTITUTION --- p.16 / Institutionalization of economic reform --- p.16 / Protection of property rights of foreign investors --- p.17 / Reduction of transaction costs --- p.19 / Catalyst of changes within the legal organization --- p.23 / Catalyst of informal institutional changes --- p.24 / Chapter IV. --- PROBLEMS OF LEGAL SYSTEM --- p.26 / Incomplete legal framework --- p.26 / Lack of transparency in approval --- p.27 / Lack of consistency --- p.29 / Enforceability of law and contracts --- p.30 / Chapter V. --- CONCLUSION --- p.32 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.34

International joint ventures (IJVs) represent a tripartite relationship in which the senior management of IJVs, local and foreign partners, may have different objectives. The divergence of interests and goals is acute given the volatile context of China. Agency theory specifies that control mechanisms could be designed to align the interests of the agents with their principals. Management control literature has suggested four major control mechanisms on human resources aspects: behavior-oriented control, outcome-oriented control, input control and self-control. / The effects of self-control on achieving financial goals are also adversely affected by the divergence of goals between partners. Lastly, trust between partners contributes positively to the achievement of both financial and non-financial goals of IJVs when the senior executives are highly experienced. Trust can also enable the partners to overcome the difficulties encountered when relying heavily on local raw material supplies. / The main theme of this research is to find out how the four control mechanisms designed for IJV senior executives could be adapted to different contextual environments facing IJVs in China in order to enhance the performance of IJVs. The role of trust is also introduced as another form of control because of the relationship-oriented nature of Chinese society. For IJVs, and the IJVs in China in particular, studies of different types of control mechanisms have not been popular. Studies linking such mechanisms with particular situations facing IJVs in China are even fewer. / Through the empirical study of 300 manufacturing IJVs and 178 Chinese parent companies located in Beijing/Tianjin, Shanghai and Guangzhou, behavior control was found to produce a positive effect on performance of those IJVs relying heavily on local raw material supplies. If the partners are culturally distant from each other, behavior control may not be appropriate. Conversely, the financial performance of IJVs is more sensitive to behavior control when their senior executives are highly experienced. / When the goals of the partners are widely divergent, outcome control may help secure better financial results. For IJVs targeting local markets, outcome control would not be appropriate in achieving financial aims. Meanwhile, input control is strongly and directly related to the achievement of both financial and non-financial objectives of IJVs. However, the effects on financial results would be dampened by the divergence of goals between partners. / Ng Wai-kit, Paul. / "May 2000." / Advisers: Mee-kau Nyaw; Chung-ming Lau. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 61-08, Section: A, page: 3255. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 206-221). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, MI : ProQuest dissertations and theses, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, MI : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / School code: 1307.

The thesis investigates how FDI intra-industry spillovers are affected by MNE ownership modes and sub-national locations. A conceptual framework is developed which utilises IB theories to propose how MNE ownership modes and sub-national locations are likely to matter for FDI spillovers. The research propositions are explored quantitatively using an unbalanced firm-level panel dataset of 1624 Indian manufacturing firms (1991-2008) with 5203 firm-year observations. The model estimation is carried out in STATA 13.0 in two stages; firstly, by using semi-parametric (Levinsohn-Petrin) method to derive the dependent variable (TFP of domestic firms); and secondly, by using fixed effects model estimated in first-differences to relate TFP of domestic firms' with different measures of foreign presence. Results from the first model reveal that WOSs and MAJVs have positive spillover effects whereas MIJVs have negative spillover effects in the Indian manufacturing sector. The second model finds that the net spillover effect in non-metropolitan regions is higher than in metropolitan regions. The thesis discusses the possible major policy implications of the results and considers possible reasons for the differences in the spillovers for different ownership modes and sub-national locations.

by Chan Yee-Fong and Lau Chin-Kau. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 72-76). / Questionnaires in Chinese and Japanese. / ACKNOWLEDGMENTS --- p.ii / ABSTRACT --- p.iii / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iv / LIST OF TABLES --- p.vi / LIST OF FIGURES --- p.vii / Chapter / Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Background --- p.1 / Overview of Sino-Japan Joint Ventures in China --- p.3 / Cultural impact on Success and Failure of Joint Ventures in China --- p.7 / Objectives of Study --- p.9 / Methodology --- p.10 / Chapter II. --- INTERCULTURAL CONFLICT MANAGEMENT --- p.14 / Concept of Culture --- p.14 / Interpersonal Conflict at Work --- p.19 / Chinese Culture and Her Conflict Management Style --- p.28 / Japanese Culture and Her Conflict Management Style --- p.33 / Chapter III. --- FINDINGS FROM THIS STUDY --- p.41 / Conflict Management Style of Current Chinese Enterprises --- p.41 / Conflict Management Style of Current Japanese Enterprises --- p.44 / Intercultural Conflict Management of Sino-Japan Joint Ventures --- p.47 / Implication for Management --- p.52 / Chapter IV. --- CONCLUSIONS --- p.55 / Summary of Findings --- p.55 / Limitations of our Study --- p.56 / Suggestions for Future Study --- p.59 / APPENDIX --- p.62 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.72

by Tong Kwok Wang. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 68-71). / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iv / ABSTRACT --- p.v / Chapter CHAPTER I: --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Objectives of the Study --- p.2 / Chapter CHAPTER II --- BACKGROUND --- p.5 / Strategic Alliance and JVs for Automobile Industry --- p.5 / Automobile Industry in China --- p.7 / Study of Strategic Alliances of the Automobile Industry in China --- p.13 / Chapter CHAPTER III --- BEAMISH'S MODEL --- p.17 / Designing the Joint Venture --- p.17 / Managing the TV --- p.19 / JV Performance --- p.20 / Unique Characteristic of JVs in China --- p.22 / Chapter CHAPTER IV --- METHODOLOGY --- p.24 / Limitations of the Study --- p.25 / Chapter CHAPTER V --- JVS WITH INVESTMENTS FROM US AND EUROPE --- p.27 / Case Study 1: Beijing Jeep --- p.27 / Case Study 2: Shanghai Volkswagen --- p.31 / Case Study 3: Guangzhou Peugeot --- p.36 / Case Study 4: Shanghai General Motors --- p.41 / Other Western Investments --- p.44 / Chapter CHAPTER VI --- JVS WITH JAPANESE INVESTMENT --- p.47 / Case Study 5: Toyota and Charade --- p.47 / Case Study 6: Suzuki --- p.48 / Case Study 7: Honda --- p.49 / Other Japanese Investments --- p.50 / Chapter CHAPTER VII --- ANALYSIS --- p.53 / Designing the JV --- p.53 / Managing the JV --- p.58 / JV Performance --- p.59 / Chapter CHAPTER VIII --- CONCLUSION --- p.62 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.68

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a influência dos fatores culturais e institucionais do país de origem nas práticas contábeis utilizadas pelas empresas e, na sequência, analisar os impactos da existência de escolhas contábeis nas IFRS no nível de comparabilidade das informações contábeis de empresas localizadas em países com ambientes culturais e institucionais diferentes. A literatura sugere que a contabilidade é fortemente influenciada pelo ambiente no qual está inserida e que a comparabilidade é baseada no reflexo da substância econômica dos eventos, não na forma. Para tanto, foram analisadas três escolhas contábeis que existem ou existiam nas IFRS: (i) mensuração dos investimentos em joint ventures (consolidação proporcional ou MEP), (ii) reconhecimento e apresentação dos ganhos e perdas atuariais decorrentes dos planos de benefício definido (método do corredor, DRE ou DRA) e (iii) mensuração de PPI (custo ou valor justo). Os dados sobre as práticas contábeis foram coletados manualmente das demonstrações contábeis de 6.298 empresas de 27 países diferentes de 2005 até 2016. Portanto, foram coletadas e analisadas 53.908 demonstrações contábeis. Por meio da análise de cluster e utilizando um conjunto de variáveis culturais e institucionais, os 27 países foram classificados em 7 agrupamentos diferentes. Na sequência, foram avaliadas quais práticas contábeis predominavam em cada um desses países e como elas se relacionam com os agrupamentos formados e com as variáveis culturais e institucionais, através da estimação de modelos logísticos (hierárquicos na versão nula e não hierárquicos). Os resultados evidenciaram que uma parcela estatisticamente significante da variância das práticas contábeis é explicada pelo agrupamento de nível país e que todas as 12 variáveis culturais e institucionais são relevantes para explicar as práticas contábeis utilizadas pelas empresas em pelo menos uma das três escolhas contábeis analisadas. Por fim, utilizando a métrica de Comparabilidade dos Sistemas Contábeis desenvolvida por Barth et al. (2012), a presente pesquisa mensurou o nível de comparabilidade das informações contábeis entre as diversas combinações de clusters, com a finalidade de avaliar se as empresas eram mais comparáveis quando usavam exatamente a mesma prática contábil ou quando utilizavam práticas contábeis diferentes. Os resultados corroboram a tese proposta de que a existência de escolhas contábeis nas IFRS pode ser necessária para que as empresas utilizem as práticas contábeis que melhor refletem a substância econômica dos eventos, considerando a influência do ambiente cultural e institucional em que estão inseridas. Foram encontrados indícios de que a eliminação de escolhas contábeis, como a dos investimentos em joint ventures e de benefícios a empregados, pode reduzir a comparabilidade das informações contábeis, já que as empresas eram mais comparáveis quando utilizavam práticas contábeis diferentes. Assim, há evidências de que a adoção de padrões contábeis mais flexíveis contribui para a obtenção da comparabilidade em países com ambientes diferentes, reiterando que a substância econômica é mais importante que a forma. A principal contribuição desta pesquisa é fornecer evidências de que a obrigatoriedade de utilização da mesma prática contábil por empresas localizadas em ambientes culturais e institucionais diferentes pode resultar em uniformidade, mas não em comparabilidade das informações contábeis. / The purpose of this research was to evaluate the influence of cultural and institutional environment of each country in the accounting practices used by firms and, subsequently, to analyze the impacts of the existence of accounting choices in the IFRS Standards on the comparability of accounting information between firms from countries with different cultural and institutional environments. The literature suggests that accounting is strongly influenced by the environment and that comparability is based on the reflection of the economic substance of events, not on the form. Therefore, three accounting choices that exist or existed in IFRS Standards were analyzed: (i) measurement of joint venture investments (proportionate consolidation or equity method); (ii) recognition and presentation of actuarial gains and losses arising from defined benefit plans (corridor method, income statements or other comprehensive income) and (iii) measurement of investment properties (cost or fair value). The accounting practices\' data were manually collected from the financial statements of 6,298 firms from 27 different countries, from 2005 to 2016. Thus, we collected and analyzed 53,908 financial statements. Using cluster analysis and a set of cultural and institutional variables, the 27 countries were classified into 7 different clusters. Further, we analyzed the accounting practices that prevailed in each country and in each cluster; and how these accounting practices are influenced by the cultural and institutional variables, through the estimation of logistic models (hierarchical in the null version and non-hierarchical). The results indicate that the variance in accounting practices explained by the country level grouping is statistically significant and that all the 12 cultural and institutional variables are relevant to explain the accounting practices used by firms in at least one of the three accounting choices that were analyzed. Finally, using the Accounting System Comparability metric proposed by Barth et al. (2012), we measured the degree of comparability of accounting information among various combinations of clusters, in order to evaluate whether firms were more comparable when they used exactly the same accounting practice or when they used different accounting practices. The results corroborate the proposed thesis that the existence of accounting choices in the IFRS Standards may be necessary to allow firms to use those accounting practices that better reflect the economic substance of events, given the influence of the cultural and institutional environment in which they operate. We found evidence that the elimination of accounting choices, such as the choices about joint venture investments and employee benefits, may reduce the comparability of accounting information, given that firms were more comparable when they used different accounting practices. Thus, there is evidence that the adoption of more flexible accounting standards contributes to improve comparability in countries with different environments, reiterating that the economic substance is more important than the form. The main contribution of this research is to provide evidence that the mandatory requirement of the same accounting practices by firms from different cultural and institutional environments may result in uniformity, but not in comparability of accounting information.