<p>In this thesis work a part of the video coding standard H.264 has been implemented. The part of the video coder that is used to code the I-frames has been implemented to see how well suited it is for regular image coding. The big difference versus other image coding standards, such as JPEG and JPEG2000, is that this video coder uses both a predictor and a transform to compress the I-frames, while JPEG and JPEG2000 only use a transform. Since the prediction error is sent instead of the actual pixel values, a lot of the values are zero or close to zero before the transformation and quantization. The method is much like a video encoder but the difference is that blocks of an image are predicted instead of frames in a video sequence.</p> / <p>I det här examensarbetet har en del av videokodningsstandarden H.264 implementerats. Den del av videokodaren som används för att koda s.k. I-bilder har implementerats för att testa hur bra den fungerar för ren stillbildskodning. Den stora skillnaden mot andra stillbildskodningsmetoder, såsom JPEG och JPEG2000, är att denna videokodaren använder både en prediktor och en transform för att komprimera stillbilderna, till skillnad från JPEG och JPEG2000 som bara använder en transform. Eftersom prediktionsfelen skickas istället för själva pixelvärdena så är många värden lika med noll eller nära noll redan innan transformationen och kvantiseringen. Metoden liknar alltså till mycket en ren videokodare, med skillnaden att man predikterar block i en bild istället för bilder i en videosekvens.</p>

This report describes both evaluation and implementation of the new coming image compression standard JPEG XR. The intention is to determine if JPEG XR is an appropriate standard for IP based video surveillance purposes. Video surveillance, especially IP based video surveillance, currently has an increasing role in the security market. To be a good standard for surveillance, the video stream generated by the camera is required to be low bit-rate, low latency on the network and at the same time keep a high dynamic display range. The thesis start with a deep insightful study of JPEG XR encoding standard. Since the standard could have different settings,optimized settings are applied to JPEG XR encoder to fit the requirement of network video surveillance. Then, a comparative evaluation of the JPEG XR versusthe JPEG is delivered both in terms of objective and subjective way. Later, part of the JPEG XR encoder is implemented in hardware as an accelerator for further evaluation. SystemVerilog is the coding language. TSMC 40nm process library and Synopsys ASIC tool chain are used for synthesize. The throughput, area, power ofthe encoder are given and analyzed. Finally, the system integration of the JPEGXR hardware encoder to Axis ARTPEC-X SoC platform is discussed.

Serving geospatial data collected from remote sensing methods (satellite images, areal photos, etc.) have become crutial in many geographic information system (GIS) applications such as disaster management, municipality applications, climatology, environmental observations, military applications, etc. Even in today&rsquo / s highly developed information systems, geospatial image data requies huge amount of physical storage spaces and such characteristics of geospatial image data make its usage limited in above mentioned applications. For this reason, web-based GIS applications can benefit from geospatial image streaming through web-based architectures. Progressive transmission of geospatial image and map data on web-based architectures is implemented with the developed image streaming methodology. The software developed allows user interaction in such a way that the users will visualize the images according to their level of detail. In this way geospatial data is served to the users in an efficient way. The main methods used to transmit geospatial images are serving tiled image pyramids and serving wavelet based compressed bitstreams. Generally, in GIS applications, tiled image pyramids that contain copies of raster datasets at different resolutions are used rather than differences between resolutions. Thus, redundant data is transmitted from GIS server with different resolutions of a region while using tiled image pyramids. Wavelet based methods decreases redundancy. On the other hand methods that use wavelet compressed bitsreams requires to transform the whole dataset before the transmission. A hybrid streaming methodology is developed to decrease the redundancy of tiled image pyramids integrated with wavelets which does not require transforming and encoding whole dataset. Tile parts&rsquo / coefficients produced with the methodlogy are encoded with JPEG 2000, which is an efficient technology to compress images at wavelet domain.

Thesis (M.F.A.)--Rochester Institute of Technology, 2009. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 58-61).

Cette thèse a pour objectif d'étudier et d'analyser une nouvelle stratégie de compression, dont le principe consiste à compresser conjointement des données issues de plusieurs modalités, en utilisant un codeur unique. Cette approche est appelée " Compression Multimodale ". Dans ce contexte, une image et un signal audio peuvent être compressés conjointement et uniquement par un codeur d'image (e.g. un standard), sans la nécessité d'intégrer un codec audio. L'idée de base développée dans cette thèse consiste à insérer les échantillons d'un signal en remplacement de certains pixels de l'image " porteuse " tout en préservant la qualité de l'information après le processus de codage et de décodage. Cette technique ne doit pas être confondue aux techniques de tatouage ou de stéganographie puisqu'il ne s'agit pas de dissimuler une information dans une autre. En Compression Multimodale, l'objectif majeur est, d'une part, l'amélioration des performances de la compression en termes de débit-distorsion et d'autre part, l'optimisation de l'utilisation des ressources matérielles d'un système embarqué donné (e.g. accélération du temps d'encodage/décodage). Tout au long de ce rapport, nous allons étudier et analyser des variantes de la Compression Multimodale dont le noyau consiste à élaborer des fonctions de mélange et de séparation, en amont du codage et de séparation. Une validation est effectuée sur des images et des signaux usuels ainsi que sur des données spécifiques telles que les images et signaux biomédicaux. Ce travail sera conclu par une extension vers la vidéo de la stratégie de la Compression Multimodale

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at El Paso, 2007. / Title from title screen. Vita. CD-ROM. Includes bibliographical references. Also available online.

Thesis (M.Eng. (Electrical, Electromic and Computer Engineering)) -- University of Pretoria, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 82-87)

Using the mobile phone to play games is very common today. The development is going forward, which has increased the demands from the users. Demands such as; increased visual appearance, faster feedback and improved interactive possibilities. To meet with these requirements a more powerful computer can facilitate the work for the mobile phone, for example rendering a game and sending the image data to the phone using wireless communication. The phone can then decode and display the image on its screen. The main object for this thesis is to implement a JPEG based decoder on Windows-based phones using C# and XNA 4.0. The decoder is based on an existing C++ implementation, which follows the JPEG standards. The need of an 8x8 matrix made the existing XNA matrix inapplicable, which lead to the use of own defined matrices instead. Even though it seemed promising, the matrices that were own defined were too slow and created a bottleneck in the decoding process. C# is not efficient at iterating through arrays with lots of data. An XNA based stream to decode the compressed image data made it possible to decode the image without using the matrices, and resolve the bottlenecks. The FromStream method is in some cases almost nine times faster than the own implementation, the bottlenecks are for the mostly found in the matrix calculations. When possible, use C++ when creating applications, it handles large amounts of data much faster than equal C# applications, unfortunately C++ will not work on all devices, such as Windows based phones.

The aim of this dissertation is to develop a new algorithm to embed a watermark in JPEG compressed images, using encoding methods. This encompasses the embedding of proprietary information, such as identity and authentication bitstrings, into the compressed material. This watermark encoding scheme involves combining entropy coding with homophonic coding, in order to embed a watermark in a JPEG image. Arithmetic coding was used as the entropy encoder for this scheme. It is often desired to obtain a robust digital watermarking method that does not distort the digital image, even if this implies that the image is slightly expanded in size before final compression. In this dissertation an algorithm that combines homophonic and arithmetic coding for JPEG images was developed and implemented in software. A detailed analysis of this algorithm is given and the compression (in number of bits) obtained when using the newly developed algorithm (homophonic and arithmetic coding). This research shows that homophonic coding can be used to embed a watermark in a JPEG image by using the watermark information for the selection of the homophones. The proposed algorithm can thus be viewed as a ‘key-less’ encryption technique, where an external bitstring is used as a ‘key’ and is embedded intrinsically into the message stream. The algorithm has achieved to create JPEG images with minimal distortion, with Peak Signal to Noise Ratios (PSNR) of above 35dB. The resulting increase in the entropy of the file is within the expected 2 bits per symbol. This research endeavor consequently provides a unique watermarking technique for images compressed using the JPEG standard. / Dissertation (MEng)--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering / unrestricted

Nachdem in kurzer Folge zwei Medien auf meinen Tisch gelangten, auf denen bis vor kurzem viele schöne Bilder gespeichert waren, die man nun aber nicht mehr finden konnte, unternahm ich erste vorsichtige Ausflüge in das Gebiet der Datenrettung. Die Wege und Werkzeuge, die letztendlich zum Erfolg führten, sollen in einem kurzen Vortrag vorgestellt werden.