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Orientador : Luciano Migliaccio / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-01T02:51:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sousa_DalilaDoring_M.pdf: 28828752 bytes, checksum: 330c8eec895eb1d20d21617f7da6b153 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002 / Resumo: Esta dissertação compreende um estudo sobre o significado artístico da representação dos pobres nas pinturas religiosas caravaggescas napolitanas a partir da "Adoração dos pastores" no MASP, atribuída a Bartolomeo Passante levando em consideração a sociedade, a religião e as teorias artísticas pautadas pelas prescrições iconográficas da Contra-Reforma. Caravaggio foi um pintor revolucionário na proposição de uma "epopéia plebéia" através de suas obras consideradas paradigmáticas no ambiente artístico napolitano, fato que deu origem a um círculo de pintores oriundos do atelier de Ribera e voltados para esta poética mediante a interpretação que o pintor espanhol fez do caravaggismo resultando em repertórios de obras indicativas da representação de tipologias da pobreza enquanto um fenômeno estético / Abstract: This dissertation is concemed to the study on the artistic meaning of the poor people representation in neapolitans caravaggesche religious paintings from the "Adoration of the shepherds" in the MASP museum, atributed to Bartolomeo Passante considering the society, the religion and the Counter Reformation artistic theories due to the iconograpbic prescriptions. Caravaggio was a revolutionary painter on the proposition of a "plebean epopee" througb bis works considered paradigmatic on the neapolitan artistic surrounding, what engendred a painters circle origined on the workshop of Ribera and turned to this poetic through the interpretation that the spanish painter made of the caravaggism resulting on repertories of works indicating the representation of the poverty tipologies as a aestetic phenomena / Mestrado / Mestre em História

After the Council of Trent, Catholic Spain in the seventeenth century increasingly turned to the arts to articulate their identity and mission as a church. Writing for the Spanish Court in the early 1630s, Pedro Calderón de la Barca uses La cena del rey Baltasar to portray the Church as an essential mediator for the relationship between the congregant and the divine, specifically through the use of didactic imagery and authoritative interpretation of God’s word. This essay reviews elements in the play that support this message and articulates the eucharistic and allegorical elements therein. The action of the Biblical narrative and the play culminates in the divine manifestation of the hand of God, a moment also captured in paint by the Catholic Spanish painter Jusepe de Ribera and the Protestant Dutch painter Rembrandt van Rijn. These painted works serve as visual hermeneutics articulating the contrasting views of Catholics and Protestants in post-Tridentine Europe.

Mon travail cherche à mettre en valeur la richesse de la Scuola Napoletana du XVIIème siècle (qui prend vie après les deux séjours du Caravage à Naples, entre 1606 et 1610). L'art napolitain est injustement sous-estimé ; la première moitié du Seicento est pourtant extrêmement importante puisque Naples est le seul centre artistique qui continue à considérer le caravagisme comme une force vitale de la peinture, et ce jusqu'en 1656 (année de la Grande Pestequi emporte avec elle les derniers peintres d'"origine" caravagesque). Je mets donc en exergue la période méridionale du Caravage (qui est trop souvent délaissée par rapport à sa période romaine), ainsi que l'extrême diversité des peintres caravagesques qui composent le milieu artistique napolitain, unis par une passion commune pour le langage du Caravage mais dont l'expression artistique intègre peu à peu d'autres influences. Le caravagisme méridional se distingue par son polymorphisme et par la diversité des influences extérieures avec lesquelles les artistes enrichissent leur caravagisme originel : si les premiers naturalistes (tels que Battistello) restent toujours fidèles au Maître, nombreux sont ceux qui suivront le courant ribéresque (Ribera, Fracanzano, le Maître de l'Annonce aux Bergers...) qui se caractérisepar sa portée sociale. Mais, parallèlement, certains peintres tissent des liens entre caravagisme et classicisme (Stanzione, Guarino), tandis que d'autres se focalisent sur un caravagisme narratif (Artemisia Gentileschi est réputée pour son talent de storyteller) ; dans le domaine chromatique, de nombreux artistes (dont Pietro Novelli ou Ribera) succombent au néovénétisme et au vandyckianisme en vogue à partir des années 1630. Enfin, le caravagisme se fait plus raffiné avec Bernardo Cavallino, qui apparaît comme un précurseur du goût rococo, tandis que l'oeuvre de Mattia Preti oscille entre caravagisme et baroque. / The aim of this work is to emphasize the richness of the Scuola Napoletana in the 17th Century (after it came to life following Caravaggio†s two stays in Naples between 1606 and 1610). Neapolitan art does not get the appreciation it deserves, and yet the first half of the Seicento was an extremely important period as Naples was the only major artistic centre where Caravaggism was still a driving force of painting, and would do so until 1656 (the year of the Great Plague that wiped out the last "original" Caravaggesque painters). I am therefore emphasizing Caravaggio†s Southern period, which is all too often neglected as compared to his Roman period, as well as the great diversity of Caravaggesque painters making up the artistic milieu in Naples, united by a shared passion for Caravaggio's language but progressively incorporating other influences into their artistic expression. Southern Caravaggism stands out because of its polymorphism and the highly diverse outer influences with which these artists enhance their original Caravaggism: while the first naturalists, such as Battistello, are always true to the Master, many will follow into Ribera's footsteps (Ribera,Fracanzano, the Master of the Announcement to the Shepherds...) and adopt a more socially oriented stance. At the same time, some painters draw links between Caravaggism and Classicism (Stanzione, Guarino), while others focus on narrative Caravaggism (Artemisia Gentileschi is famed for the storytelling talent). In the field of colour, many artists (including Pietro Novelli and Ribera) yield to the Neo-venetism or Vandyckianism that were fashionable as of the 1630†s. Finally,Caravaggism becomes more refined with Bernardo Cavallino, who appears to be a precursor of Rococo taste, while Mattia Preti balances on the verge between Caravaggism and Barocco.