Magíster en Ciencias Sociales con mención en Sociología de la Modernización / Para la investigación propuesta se apunta a explicar cómo son las trayectorias sociolaborales de los jóvenes tutores que participaron en el Programa Tutorías Sociolaborales (TSL) en la Región Metropolitana (octubre 2008 a marzo 2010), iniciativa que perteneció a la Fundación para la Superación de la Pobreza (FSP), destinada a prestar servicios de acompañamiento tutorial a jóvenes “vulnerables”1 que se capacitaron en cursos en oficios, bajo el Programa Jóvenes Bicentenario (JB) que promovió SENCE. En mi calidad de asesor de un Programa que involucra políticas públicas, jóvenes y organismos técnicos capacitadores (OTECS), fue todo un desafío separarse y tomar distancia del rol laboral para situarse en una posición desconocida (al menos en este ámbito), la de investigador en el propio espacio de trabajo. El hecho de emprender una investigación relacionada con la juventud, revistió un importante desafío para mí como investigador. Por una parte, aportar al acervo de conocimientos que se ha generado a partir de los estudios sobre jóvenes, y por otra, para dar cuenta sobre la riqueza sociocultural expresada en las trayectorias sociolaborales que describieron los jóvenes que participaron en un Programa determinado. La línea de ejecución del Programa consideraba principalmente, que los jóvenes “beneficiarios” recibieran un acompañamiento tutorial a cargo de un profesional joven que prestaba el servicio de tutoría sociolaboral. Este acompañamiento2 consistía en entregarle al joven, herramientas sociolaborales que contribuyeran al incremento de su empleabilidad, entendiendo este concepto como la calidad laboral de una persona determinada, cualidad que se relaciona en forma directa con la oferta/demanda del mercado laboral

Analiza el contenido de los programas juveniles Combate y Esto es Guerra y evalua su contenido de violencia, sexismo, chismes, escándalos y morbo, en perjuicio especialmente de los niños y adolescentes que consumen estos programas. Precisamente en estos componentes radicaría el secreto del éxito de estos programas, lo que ha llevado a los canales de TV a masificar sus propuestas de realities, farándula y todo lo que es considerado como TV basura. Analiza los programas objeto de la investigación, tomando en cuenta el contenido, sus secuencias, actividades, personajes, invitados, audiencia y comerciales. Analiza programas de televisión precedentes de este tipo y compara las similitudes y diferencias con los actuales. Analiza los índices de rating y los compara con otros programas. / Tesis

Objective: This thesis set out to investigate whether there were differences between juveniles who had either sexually offended against children (child molesters) or against adult women/female peers (sexual assaulters), and between both these groups and non-sexual violent offenders and property offenders. The groups were compared across a range of demographic, developmental, family, educational, offence, and psychological variables, including IQ, attribution of criminal behaviour, masculine identity, perception of parenting style, relationship with parents, and attitudes toward rape and rape victims. Method: Four groups of 27 male British juveniles who admitted their offending were compared, matched for age, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. Many of the participants had been referred to Glenthorne Youth Treatment Centre, and had committed the most serious types of sexual and violent offences. Background data were collated from case-notes and other archival sources using a structured proforma. Participants were also seen by the researcher for administration of a battery of psychometric tests and questionnaires. Results: A number of between-group differences were found, especially in the child molesters, who were found to have significantly more social, developmental, and learning problems; to be less delinquent and antisocial; more extensively sexually victimized; and less violent in their sexual offending. However, a minority had been sexually violent. The sexual assaulters were more likely to be dissatisfied with parental care and relationships, especially with father; have a hypermasculine sexual identity; and to hold calloused sexual attitudes, and rape-supportive beliefs and attitudes. The gender-socialization theory of male sexual aggression toward women was supported. A subgroup of extremely delinquent, violent juvenile sex offenders was also identified, composed of child molesters and sexual assaulters. Conclusions: The differences found between sexual assaulters and child molesters, and the existence of a mixed-group of extremely antisocial juvenile sex offenders, have implications for the treatment and classification of juvenile sex offenders. Generic intervention programmes for young offenders should adopt behavioural and thinking skill-development approaches to reduce the risk of criminal behaviour, including sexual crime. Sex-offencespecific treatment should be targeted more closely at the minority of high-risk, sexually deviant young offenders. Typologies of juvenile sex offenders also need to be revisited

This research examined challenges social workers face when delivering mental health services to juveniles who have been incarcerated due to drug use. Through the use of a web-based survey program a total of ten research questions were examined statistically. The research questions discussed what challenges social workers face when trying to administer services to juveniles who have been incarcerated for drug use and also what services are available to juveniles with or without a mental health problem who have been incarcerated for drug use. Questionnaires were sent out electronically, with a response rate of twenty-seven participants. SurveyMonkey® was used to analyze the data. The results indicated that the participants felt very strongly about the recidivism rate being high in juveniles returning to jail due to drug use and that social workers have the opportunity to make a difference in the lives of these juveniles. As for social work practice we must make every opportunity to help our juveniles out of the juvenile justice system and into society to be productive citizen.

Ungdomar är den mest brottsutsatta gruppen i samhället och många av de brott som begås av ungdomar kommer aldrig till polisens vetskap. Det finns en kunskapslucka när det gäller anledningar att vittna och anmäla brott. Detta för att få en tydligare bild av ungdomars synpunkter på att anmäla brott och syftet i denna studie var därför ungdomar benägenhet/attityd till att vittna och anmäla brott. Studien gjordes i form av en kvalitativ intervjustudie, där 15 gymnasie elever i åldrarna 16-18 år varav nio manliga och sex kvinnliga från två olika skolor deltog. Resultatet visar att erfarenheter, förtroendet för rättsväsendet och rädsla är bidragande faktorer i beslut om man ska kontakta eller samarbeta med polisen. Rädsla i olika former beroende på brott var den mest betydande anledningen. För att öka benägenheten för ungdomar att våga vittna och anmäla brott krävs kunskap och förtroende för polisen.

En Lima el acoso sexual callejero es experimentado por las mujeres cotidianamente, generando múltiples consecuencias emocionales y afectando su vivencia del espacio público. Existen, sin embargo, algunos colectivos juveniles que intentan cambiar esta realidad para generar un ambiente más saludable y justo para las mujeres limeñas. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue describir el activismo social de dichos colectivos; identificar las motivaciones de sus integrantes, así como los beneficios y dificultades que la participación en estos grupos les supone. Considerando la falta de estudios previos en este campo, se optó por un enfoque cualitativo para realizar una investigación exploratoria que genere un panorama inicial. Se trabajó con dos colectivos, la Asociación Apala y el Observatorio Ciudadano Paremos el Acoso Sexual Callejero, realizando dos entrevistas individuales y dos grupos de enfoque a las miembros que accedieron voluntariamente a participar en la investigación. En la discusión, se abarcan los resultados en tres áreas de análisis que permiten comprender el activismo social como un: "Espacio de desarrollo colectivo", "Espacio de contención" y "Espacio de reconocimiento". En ellas se analiza el desarrollo de diversos procesos, individuales y colectivos, que la participación en dichos colectivos promueve, mostrando la gran importancia que la práctica activista adquiere para la salud mental y el bienestar subjetivo de las participantes, al tiempo que impacta positivamente en la comunidad. / Everyday women in Lima experience sexual harassment in the streets. This generates multiple emotional consequences and impacts their perception of public spaces. There are, however, groups of young people trying to change this reality in order to create a healthier and fairer environment for women. The objective of the present investigation was to describe the social activism followed by these groups as well as the benefits and difficulties their participation supposes. Due to the lack of previous studies in this field, a qualitative approach was used for the realization of this exploratory investigation in order to generate an initial overview of the topic in question. Two groups were chosen for the study, the “Apala” Association and the “Paremos el Acoso Sexual Callejero” (Stop Street Harassment) Citizen Observatory, and two individual interviews as well as two focus groups were carried out to the members who agreed to participate in a voluntary manner. For a better comprehension of social activism, the discussion is divided into three areas of analysis: “Room for collective development”, “Room for Emotional Support” and “Room for acknowledgement”. This will allow an understanding of how participating in these groups promotes several individual and collective processes and will show the importance of activism for the mental health and the subjective well being of the participants. Considering, as well, the positive changes generated for the community. / Tesis

The purpose of this exploratory study is to examine the reintegration experiences of Black men who were transferred to adult court and served time in adult prison as teenagers. Twenty-one semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 21 Black men who served prison time when he was a teenager. At present, we know little about the long-term effects of waiver and sentencing practices. Hence, my question and main purpose for this research is this: Does the "ex-convict" label affect the reintegration experiences of Black males after serving time in an adult prison as a youth? I focus on Braithwaite's reintegrative shaming to explore how these men reintegrate and experience shaming. The men reported feeling unprepared to subsist in the workplace. The main reasons for these feelings were because the men spent their youthful years in prison, with very little to no job skills training, leaving them highly unskilled. I also test Braithwaite's (1989) ideas regarding shaming and cultural homogeneity among Black men while exploring how "ex-convicts" re-enter the community through personal interviews in this dissertation. I explored whether Black men experience shaming by their reference or intimate groups (family, partner, and friends), the community and potential employers. I also consider masculinity thesis and Anderson's (1999) "Code of the Streets" thesis, which posits that Black's may have culturally defined perceptions regarding feelings of shame. Findings revealed that there were differences in the shaming felt when the men were in their distinctive environments versus outside of the community. Feelings of shame were felt deeper outside of the community rather than vice versa as Braithwaite (1989) theorize. These findings provide a good test of Braithwaite's (1989) cultural homogeneity thesis. Findings from my research discredit the thesis as the sample reported feeling more shame when they left their communities (distinctive environments) even when cultural homogeneity was high in their distinctive environments.

No description available.

This study examined the relationship between aspects of social capital and self-reported delinquency among Turkish juveniles by using a secondary dataset, which is a part of the European Youth Survey. The survey was conducted among tenth graders in 2007 in Bağcılar, Istanbul. The dependent variable of this study, delinquency, was divided into two groups, minor and major, according to the stipulations of the Turkish Penal Code. Social capital was measured by assessing adolescents’ reports of their direct interactions with their parents, peers and community. In order to predict the likelihood of major and minor delinquency independently, two different subsets (N: 1879 and 1837, respectively) of the data set were used. The findings of the multivariate analyses suggest that a low level of social capital contributed significantly to Turkish juveniles’ engagement in major and minor delinquent activities. Among the social capital items, adolescents’ affiliation with delinquent peers had the strongest correlation with both dependent variables.

En este trabajo se evaluaran las relaciones entre el consumo de tabaco y otros factores socioculturales presentes en jóvenes internados en centros de diagnóstico y rehabilitación. Los datos cualitativos recolectados en el censo del año 2016, a través de series de preguntas relacionadas al consumo y estilo de vida, serán cuantificados comparados a través de diferentes metodologías. Factores como: sexo, edad, abuso físico en la niñez, episodios de ansiedad, consumo de otras drogas, historia familiar de consumo de tabaco, etc. serán analizados. Como se describirá próximamente, según la OMS, el consumo de Tabaco es considerado como una enfermedad crónica, y se asocia a múltiples problemas de salud no solo en el consumidor, sino también en los fumadores pasivos. El componente mas importante es la nicotina, ya que es la que genera adicción y por lo tanto dependencia de los cigarrillos. La nicotina es un alcaloide encontrado en la planta del tabaco. Es difícil encontrar algún país en el cual disminuir el consumo no sea una prioridad, por lo que sorprende seguir viendo cifras tan altas de consumo a pesar de la gran cantidad de leyes, impuestos y propaganda que pretenden luchar en contra de este habito nocivo. En este estudio transversal, se evalúa como el ambiente sociocultural afecta los valores de consumo en estos jóvenes. Para el propósito de este ensayo, el ambiente sociocultural considera factores como: la familia, el nivel de educación, ambiente físico, cultura y las instituciones con las cuales el individuo interactúa.