Juveniles adjudicated for sexual offenses are often described as homogenous, collectively viewed as inherently dangerous, and subject to specialized legal and clinical interventions. However, empirical studies have identified several typologies suggesting that juveniles adjudicated for sexual offenses are a heterogeneous group with varying degrees of risk and treatment needs. The purpose of this non-experimental between-groups study was to compare family composition, abuse histories, mental health diagnosis, and offense type among a victim age-based typology of juvenile sexual offenders. The theoretical framework that guided this study was developmental-contextual theory. Archival data (N = 105) were collected from Alberta Health Services in Alberta, Canada. Results of chi-square analysis indicated a statistically significant difference among these 2 groups with respect to family composition and offense type. The groups did not differ with respect to abuse histories or mental health diagnosis. Findings may be used to expand the current knowledge base regarding risk factors for youths who offend sexually, to develop preventative programs and treatment programs, to increase community safety, and to reduce the stigma associated with juvenile sexual offending.

In this thesis I investigate the effectiveness of the RealVictory Program, a juvenile aftercare program combined with a phone coach system, in the state of Utah. Using treatment and control groups, I examine both time to re-arrest as well as number of post-participation arrests to determine how effectively RealVictory reduces recidivism among juvenile participants released from secure care, in foster homes, or while on probation. I found the treatment group was at a 21.7 percent higher risk of being rearrested, but this result was not statistically significant. These results suggest that the program as a whole is not effective at reducing recidivism.

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Magíster en gestión cultural / La investigación se centra en los Modelos de Gestión de Orquestas Juveniles e Infantiles en Chile, comenzando con una revisión histórica respecto a los inicios de esta actividad en Europa y América Latina. Posteriormente se dan a conocer en la realidad del país desde la segunda mitad del siglo XX hasta el año 2016: con la creación de la Fundación de Orquestas Juveniles e Infantiles, para finalmente dar una mirada global de lo que es este movimiento en la actualidad, considerando sus múltiples expresiones. Se da especial importancia al significativo aporte que implica la formación musical a través del estudio de un instrumento de orquesta sinfónica y a la participación en una orquesta juvenil en la vida de los jóvenes, junto al impacto que tiene esta actividad en el desarrollo educacional y cultural de la sociedad. Además se propone una clasificación de las distintas orquestas y tipos de funcionamientos, de acuerdo al contexto general del modelo de orquestas juveniles actualmente vigente en Chile, así como un análisis comparativo de los distintos funcionamientos que tiene este modelo con el de otros países, especialmente el caso de Venezuela, por considerarse a nivel mundial como el programa más exitoso en esta materia. Importante es recalcar que parte de esta investigación, así como lo que la motivó, es el hecho de que ambos autores de este trabajo son actores del movimiento de orquestas juveniles, y han participado, colaborado y protagonizado algunos hitos relevantes en la evolución de la misma.

Populations of non-native signal crayfish, Pacifastacus leniusculus, are damaging to UK native species and habitats though their populations are expanding with no coherent framework in place for their control. This is partly the result of a literature gap on the effect of trapping on non-native crayfish population structure which this thesis will explore in order to add to the European literature. Population size structure analysis has been facilitated via the creation of novel samplers and an in-depth analysis of the effect of aperture on the size/life stage of crayfish sampled. Smaller trap apertures, the addition of refuge material and novel samplers increased the catch of juvenile crayfish. Sex was indeterminable for up to 50% of juvenile crayfish, with juvenile sex ratios potentially biased towards females. Conditions on the River Lark did not limit populations, though temperature varied significantly between sites whilst substrata, pH and biological oxygen demand did not. Three years of trapping and juvenile sampling enabled population analysis at a site level. The population at Lark Head (professionally trapped), had a consistent size structure from 2010 to 2012, whilst individuals at Barton Mills (community trapped) and the Plough (untrapped), showed size decreases over time. The proportions of adult to juvenile individuals, and males to females, were similar at all three sites in 2011 & 2012. Catch per unit effort, decreased at all three sites with the greatest reductions at trapped sites. There is no evidence that catch sizes, or the proportion of juveniles, increased with trapping in spite of one site being trapped by the community since 2001 and another trapped by professionals since 2005. This refutes inferences that trapping causes an increase in biomass due to a reduction in the number of cannibalistic and dominant large males, with size and sex bias in traps also not corroborated.

From September 2009 to July 2011 I collected vertically stratified zooplankton samples and recorded estuarine water parameters on a monthly basis in the Coos Bay estuary, Oregon during flood and ebb tides. I identified five taxa of juvenile bivalves in the plankton:

Juvenile delinquency continues to be a social ill with parents often being liable for their child's reprehensible behavior. In this nonexperimental, correlational study, the relationship between experienced parenting style and psychosocial maturity was examined in a sample of juvenile offenders receiving intensive in-home services. The General Theory of crime by Gottfredson and Hirshi provided the framework for the study along with parenting style typologies by Baumrind. Data were collected from a convenience sample of 60 11th grade juvenile offenders and their parent/caretakers using questionnaires. Multiple regression analysis was used to examine the data. The Psychosocial Maturity Index was used to measure psychosocial maturity, and the Parenting Skills Dimensions Questionnaire Short Version was used to measure experienced parenting style. Results indicated parenting style did not account for the variance in measures of psychosocial maturity. Stakeholders may benefit from an improved understanding of how measures of psychosocial maturity are impacted by parenting practices.

Esta investigación se trata de estudiar las contribuciones de las series juveniles de televisión para la formación de la identidad del adolescente. Para esto analizamos la serie española Compañeros, presentada por la cadena privada Antena 3 en el año 2000, después que identificamos que esta serie específica era la favorita de 62 de 100 adolescentes investigados entre 15 y 17 años en Barcelona. El marco teórico se basa en la Psicología; Comunicación Social; Antropología; la Semiología, los Análisis del Discurso, Recepción Activa y ha recurrido a investigaciones recientes sobre el tema.Adicionamos también lecturas e investigaciones sobre Género, porque había que considerar los resultados ya encontrados en investigaciones anteriores a respecto.Las principales conclusiones del trabajo son que las series juveniles de televisión aportan informaciones y contribuyen para la formación de opiniones y actuación social de los adolescentes, que el adolescente remite su interpretación personal como punto de referencia. Pese a que haya coincidencia en la mayoría hay diferencias marcadas en las minorías y interpretaciones individuales. / This thesis investigates the contributions of the juvenile series of television to the development of the identity of teenagers. The theory bases on Psychology, Sociology, Anthropology, Social Communication and also the most recents researches on Active Reception. The research analyses the Spanish juvenile television serial: Compañeros, because that was the favourite program of 100 teenagers (investigated) between 15 to 17 years old in the year of 2000. The teenagers were heard by Group Discussions and by written interviews. They analysed the teenager universe represented on the television program and also compared their own universe with the represented one. They also analysed the characters and commented their identification with themThe conclusions were that the juvenile series of television do contribute with information, formation of opinions, and decisions and actitudes of the teenagers. Although, the reception is critical and personal, but there are some coincidences on the differences of gender.

Children under 16 must attend the school, however, not everyone does it. In attempt to understand the reasons for absence from school, the assumption is usually made that such a behavior is influenced by the child’s health disorders. The survey of such scale has been performed for the first time in Lithuania. It helped to unfold if children if children who tend to skip classes have health disorders (and what kind) and to what extend it can excuse their absence (i. e. absence from school, rare attendance or bad learning). The goal of the work: to detect the influence of health condition on the absence from school. To achieve this goal the following issues have been analyzed: how pupils themselves assess their health condition and compare their evaluation to that of the school preceptor; or/what influence the health condition (or disorders) of pupils have on the absence from school, rare attendance and bad learning; the bond between child’s social environment and health condition has been found. The target of the survey: pupils that do not attend school, or do it rarely and pupils who are bad at learning: total – 660 respondents. The survey has been performed using the theoretical method – analysis of pedagogical and scientific literature; empirical method – questionnaire survey of pupils (pupils that do not attend school, or do it rarely and pupils who are bad at learning), their class preceptors and school principals. The statistical analysis of empirical data has been... [to full text]