Title: Analysis of the motion of dominant upper extremity during offensive stroke in badminton performed by elite female players Objectives: Objective of my master thesis is to analyse movement of a dominant upper extremity during offensive stroke in badminton and to point out possible risk factors for injuries and soft tissue overload problems in the region of the upper limb. Methods: The theoretical part deals with anatomical and kinesiological description of upper extremities. Then there is a description of the motion on the court and upper strokes in badminton and movements of upper extremity during the strokes. The practical part deals with measuring of rotations in shlouder joints and with analysis of motion of upper extremity during offensive stroke in badminton. It is focused on measuring the range of motion, angular velocity and angular acceleration in joints of dominant upper extremity. The Xsens MVN was used to record motion. Results: The results showed that the internal rotation in the shoulder joint on the dominant upper limb during active movement examination is reduced in elite female badminton players. When an offensive strike is played, the players come to the extreme inner rotation in the shoulder joint. Next we found out that the risky movement during the offensive stroke is...

1 ABSTRACT Title: Comparing physiotherapist's functional test assessments with OpenPose kinematic data Objectives: Assess wether is OpenPose (OP) system able to detect parameters of poor performance in the Single Leg Squat Test and Step Down Test. Presence of these parameters was indicated by consensus process among 3 physiotherapists. Methods: 48 healthy volunteers participated on the research. Each volunteer demonstrated 3 repetitions of Single Leg Squat Test and Step Down Test on each leg. Repetitions were recorded on video and at the same time evaluated by 3 physiotherapists (PT) using 15 binary parameters. Consensus process indicating presence of a parameter involved agreement of at least 2 of the raters while the inter-rater reliability coeficient for all 3 raters had to be κ ≥ 0,41. Changes in angles and relative distances of observed body segments were calculated using OpenPose keypoint detection model. Therefore each execution of the functional test was described by OP data and PT data. Statistical analysis was performed to assess wether was OpenPose able to detect significant differences between poor and good execution of a functional test in the 15 rated parameters. Results: OP was able to reliably assess following parameters: Loss of balance, Excessive upper extremity movement and Lateral...

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(情報学) / 甲第19337号 / 情博第589号 / 新制||情||103(附属図書館) / 32339 / 京都大学大学院情報学研究科知能情報学専攻 / (主査)教授 松山 隆司, 教授 美濃 導彦, 准教授 中澤 篤志, 講師 延原 章平, / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Informatics / Kyoto University / DFAM

The aim of using parallel kinematic motion systems as an alternative of conventional machine tools for precision machining has raised the demands made on the accuracy of identification of the geometric parameters that are necessary for the kinematic transformation of the motion variables. The accuracy of a parallel manipulator is not only dependent upon an accurate control of its actuators but also upon a good knowledge of its geometrical characteristics. As the platform's controller determines the length of the actuators according to the nominal model, the resulted pose of the platform is inaccurate. One way to enhance platform accuracy is by kinematic calibration, a process by which the actual kinematic parameters are identified and then implemented to modify the kinematic model used by the controller. The first and most general valuation criterion for the actual calibration approaches is the relative improvement of the motion accuracy, eclipsing the other aspects to pay for it. The calibration outlay has been underestimated or even neglected for a long time. The scientific value of the calibration procedure is not only in direct proportion to the achieved accuracy, but also to the calibration effort. These demands become particularly stringent in case of the calibration of hexapods of the so-called simple design. The objectives of the here proposed new calibration procedure are based on the deficits mentioned above under the special requirements due to the circumstances of the simple design-concept. The main goals of the procedure can be summarized in obtaining the basics for an automated kinematic calibration procedure which works efficiently, quickly, effectively and possibly low-cost, all-in-one economically applied to the parallel kinematic machines. The problem will be approached systematically and taking step by step the necessary conclu-sions and measurements through: Systematical analysis of the workspace to determine the optimal measuring procedure, measurements with automated data acquisition and evaluation, simulated measurements based on the kinematic model of the structure and identifying the kinematic parameters using efficient optimization algorithms. The presented calibration has been successfully implemented and tested on the hexapod of simple design `Felix' available at the IWM, TU Dresden. The obtained results encourage the application of the procedure to other hexapod structures.

Laparoscopic Surgery has been revolutionized by the world of Surgical Robotics. Robot-Assisted Surgeries have been proven to have many advantages over the fundamental, traditional "by-hand" procedures previously conducted, and still currently being done for certain operations. Robot-assisted surgery may offer benefits to patients through the use of minimally invasive techniques, which may result in reduced blood loss, reduced blood transfusion, fewer complications, reduced postoperative pain, shorter hospital stays, and reduced recovery times (Ho et al., 2011). Studies have proven that robotic surgery may lead to patients recovering faster depending on the timeframe and the type of procedure (Tang et al., 2018). These benefits provide the highest quality care for the patient that can be provided. Robotic-assisted surgical platforms may overcome many of the shortcomings of laparoscopy while preserving the patient benefits (Boggess, 2007). Laparoscopic Surgery provides many benefits over open surgery as well and including the Robotic Surgical Assist allows for further/amplified benefits for the parties involved. The idea is to minimize the need for lengthy patient recovery time, discomfort, and complications caused by the procedure itself. The pain, discomfort, and disability, or other morbidities as a result of surgery is more frequently due to trauma involved in gaining access to the area to perform the intended procedure rather than from the procedure itself (Mack, 2001). Regulating certain areas of the procedure, such as required incision size, allows the patient a smoother recovery. With laparoscopic surgery, it limits risks and complications as a minimally invasive approach but, with robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery, it is even more as such. Currently, there seems to be a struggle in the field of medicine between how best to improve the surgical robots in comparison to how to better optimize, or create, smaller surgical devices to assist in surgeries. A factor that was found to be lacking in the field of medicine was the definition of actions done during surgical procedures. While used widely from a medical standpoint, from an operational standpoint it is not common practice to question the mathematical symbolization of the movements and actions done during surgery. The goal of this research is to determine, analyze, evaluate, and simplify the parameters that are present during Laparoscopic Surgery. These parameters will be compared between traditional surgery and robot-assisted surgery. The robot-assisted condition will be established using the Semi-Robotic Laparoscopic Surgery Support System developed by a University of Central Florida Senior Design Team finalized in the academic semester of Spring 2020. This system utilizes the aspects and features of a surgical robot while maintaining a small form factor and cheap production and purchasing price. Ultimately, this will allow for further evaluation of technologies exploiting the developed surgical robot for research in semi-autonomous control, and safety mechanisms in the context of robotic surgery. It is important to note that this technology is developed as a kinematic guide for laparoscopic surgery. This guiding assist is similar to the features incorporated in robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery which is what allows us to use this surgical assist device to represent the robot-assisted condition. This technology optimizes the condition of conventional laparoscopic surgery by introducing a braking mechanism into the standard procedure without requiring the major application of the full surgical systems. Through the utilization of this guiding system, this research has established and compared the kinematic and workspace parameters for robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery when the system is equipped vs. when it is equipped and activated; creating two different conditions of Workspace Controlled Laparoscopic Surgery and Kinematically Constrained Laparoscopic Surgery. It was deemed necessary to accomplish an understanding of both domains as well as in comparison to traditional laparoscopic surgical practices in order to engage the argument from a holistic point of view. Throughout this research, it was determined that, when evaluating traditional Laparoscopic Surgery, there are a series of parameters that are present when discussing the workspace of the human abdomen and the kinematics of the trocar, surgical tool, and camera placed into that workspace. Between these parameters, a variety of similarities was discovered using geometric rules and algebraic functional relationships within the kinematics. Upon equipping the Semi-Robotic Laparoscopic Surgery Support System to the procedure, certain parameters get "zeroed out" due to the fixed nature of the device from one abdominal insertion point to the next. While most parameters may maintain the same behaviors upon the installation of the technology, the majority of these same parameters get "zeroed out" when the technology is activated. The overall purpose and intent of this research is to define, evaluate, and compare various surgical parameters associated with the practice of laparoscopic surgery while running a comparison between the effectiveness of traditional surgery against robot-assisted surgery that can be made from a new perspective by evaluating the differences in their respective parameters. Results which will be discussed include: specific parameter definitions and labeling, how these parameters benefit the medical field, direct parameter comparison between the evaluated conditions of traditional surgery and robot-assisted surgery (represented by kinematic guiding technology and comparing when the device is applied, Workspace Controlled condition, versus when the braking system is activated, Kinematically Constrained condition), and how these different surgical techniques modify the conditions of surgery for the surgeon and the patient.

Studiedesign: Kvantitativ experimentell studie Syfte: Det primära syftet var att undersöka hur knäledens kinematik påverkas av simultana kognitiva uppgifter under hopplandningar bland fotbollsaktiva kvinnor med och utan främre korsbandsskada. Det sekundära syftet var att, genom poweranalyser, beräkna gruppstorlekar och vilka variabler som bör analyseras i framtida studier. Metod: Sju kvinnor med och sex kvinnor utan korsbandsskada utförde tre olika hopptester med och utan maximalt upphopp. Test 1 utfördes utan tillägg av kognitiva uppgifter, test 2 involverade elementen reaktionstid och inhibitorisk kontroll, test 3 involverade elementen reaktionstid, inhibitorisk kontroll och arbetsminne. Knäledens kinematik i alla tre plan (maxvärden och rörelseomfång) och maximal hopphöjd i upphoppet jämfördes mellan grupperna och testerna. Upprepad mixad ANOVA med effekterna Test, Grupp, och interaktionen Test*Grupp genomfördes och dess effektstorlekar användes i poweranalyserna.  Resultat: Det skedde mindre rörelse i sagittalplan och mer rörelse i frontalplan hos korsbandsgruppen samt att knäledens kinematik skiljer sig åt mellan grupperna under mer kognitivt krävande situationer simultant med idrottsspecifik rörelse. Power-analyserna för interaktionseffekten Test*Grupp med upphopp visade att 9/10 variabler kräver <100 testpersoner för att få en signifikant statistisk skillnad med en power på 80%.  Motsvarande resultat för landning utan upphopp visade att 5/9 variabler kräver <100 testpersoner. Konklusion: Hopplandningar med olika antal simultana kognitiva uppgifter visade på skillnader i knäkinematik mellan individer med och utan tidigare korsbandsskada, mellan testerna oberoende grupptillhörighet samt mellan testerna beroende på grupptillhörighet. De variabler som visade signifikanta skillnader vid landning följt av maximalt upphopp var hopphöjd, Max knäadduktion, Min knäflexion, Max knäutåtrotation och ROM knäadduktion-abduktion. Vid endast landning var det maximal knäflexion och Max knäabduktion som hade signifikanta värden.

京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(農学) / 甲第23527号 / 農博第2474号 / 新制||農||1087(附属図書館) / 学位論文||R3||N5358(農学部図書室) / 京都大学大学院農学研究科地域環境科学専攻 / (主査)教授 藤原 正幸, 教授 中村 公人, 准教授 宇波 耕一 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Agricultural Science / Kyoto University / DGAM

Title: Kinematic of cervical thoracic spine in the context of whole body posture Problematics: This work describes the kinematics of upper thoracic spine during specific movement of the shoulder girdle. The kinematic changes are evaluated with the relationship of the whole body posture. Aim: To develop the objective evaluation of the posture and the amount of the segmental spinal movement of cervical thoracic spine. To describe the relationship between the specific movement of arm - adduction and external humeral rotation - and the posture using 3D kinematic analysis. To objectify this tested movement as a diagnostic tool or a therapy for forward head posture. Methods: The theoretical part of this work summarizes the current knowledge of poor posture and there is defined the upright posture. The experimental part describes the measurement of the movement of shoulder girdle and its response to the axial system using 3D kinematic analysis. Result: The results of kinematic 3D motion analysis show that the external humeral rotation with adduction of the shoulder leads to the upright posture if there is the horizontal position of the thorax and pelvis. The posture was divided due to the physiological or pathological response with this simple movement. Conclusion: A new model for evaluation of the...

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The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in kinetic, kinematic, and metabolic variables between an acute normal dead stop squat (NDS) protocol and an acute accentuated eccentric loaded squat (AEL) protocol. Eight collegiate weightlifters were performed the 2 squat protocols. Eccentric and concentric kinetic and kinematic data were collected via synchronized force plate and linear position transducer. Metabolic parameters assessed were oxygen consumption (VO2 ) using open circuit spirometry, testosterone (T) and cortisol (C) via blood draw from antecubital vein, and lactate (La) values via finger prick blood draw. The following are major findings of the dissertation. No statistical differences were observed for concentric variables between AEL and NDS work sets or between warm-up at 55% (WUP55) and postset at 55% (POST55) sets. Differences were found in the speed and duration of the eccentric portion of the lifts. Results indicate that there are no meaningful biomechanical differences when performing AEL squats in this manner and that the intensity and volume executed did not result in PAP. Oxygen uptake was statistically different during sets with the additional eccentric load (set 4, 5, 6, 7) and the subsequent down set (set 9). Lactate was greater during AEL squatting than NDS after set 7 and set 8 for the whole group. T exhibited no statistically significant changes. C was greater immediately following the AEL protocol compared to NDS 30 minutes post-AEL squat protocol yielded a statistically significant difference from immediately post and a return to near baseline measures. These acute changes may have meaningful effects on long- term gains in hypertrophy and strength. The findings of this dissertation show the potential benefits of AEL dead-stop squats for long-term hypertrophy and strength development. However, because this dissertation was the first to explore dead-stop squats with an additional eccentric load, further research is required on both the potential benefits of dead-stop squats and typical squats with no dead-stop using an AEL protocol.