This study examines how male and female football players from the Swedish national teams are portrayed in the Swedish newspaper Expressen, with the goal to investigate potential differences in how football players of the different genders are represented. Specifically, the study compares how the players in the teams were portrayed in Expressen during the men's European Championships in 2021 and women's European Championship 2022. The study is structured through a comparative study design and uses a qualitative textanalysis as a method, in the form of Entman’s (1993) framinganalysis. Furthermore, the theoretical framework which the study relies on, consists of Hirdman’s (1988) theories on gender and framing according to Entman (1993). The result identifies multiple differences in how the players are portrayed based on their gender. The players in the women’s national team tend to be framed as emotional, inexperienced and humble, while the players in the men's national team were presented as confident and their performances were glorified. But at the same time the writers of the articles used a harsher tone in describing the male players' mistakes. One common theme in the portrayal of the two national teams was that the coach of each team was prominent in all of the articles. The results suggest that the sportmedia landscape is moving towards being more equal, but the notion that men playing football is the norm while women footballers are regarded as an anomaly in their execution of the sport, is still somewhat prominent today.

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The Ukraine-Russia conflict in 2022 is rooted in historical, geographical and identity reasons. The world media has paid attention to this issue emphasizing its importance from the first moment. TikTok is a new medium that over the years transformed as a major source for spreading information to a large sum of people. Legacy media has utilised this transformation in order to connect with their viewers, changing the nature of the synergies between consumers and media while the conflict is ongoing. This project examines the importance of how legacy media, like the Washington Post, portrayed the war in Ukraine while providing insight into media dynamics during this crisis. It focuses on analyzing the content of videos and emphasises the utilisation of a framework to harmonize data from different cases. Of course, there are limitations to this project, including linguistic bias and reliance on content posted on a specific platform. The structure of this thesis highlights the importance of platforms like TikTokin journalism and provides a theoretical overview of framing theory. Social media has had a great role in many conflicts over the past few years and has had a great impact on the situation regarding Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. The project tries to shed light on how the invasion underlined how modern combat is being altered by digital media technology, especially disinformation spread. Such engagement on TikTok and other platforms helps shape historical narratives. The historical background of this and the media interest it aroused are presented in the literature review section. To showcase how frameworks can be related, this study uses content analysis in the context of framework theory as a methodological tool. In media research, content analysis is an important technique, especially in war zones like Ukraine. With this approach, media content is carefully examined to uncover patterns and meanings. Altogether, this study adds to the understanding of how legacy media institutions negotiate the hurdles of sharing news on social media platforms during times of crisis. It highlights the significance of adopting multidimensional framing tactics to deliver a thorough and precise picture of complex global concerns, hence cultivating an informed discriminating readership.

Climate change is a “future-sensitive issue” (Kumpu, 2013, p. 53). Research has shown that expectations about the future influence current behaviour. Furthermore, research has shown that media still play an essential role in informing the public about the topic climate change (Neverla & Schäfer, 2010). However, until now there is only limited research that connects the construction or depiction of future, climate change and media. However, there has been research (Levy & Spicer, 2013) on collectively held climate imaginaries which indicates that there are four distinct versions. Imaginaries are collectively hold semiotic concepts and therefore connect the construction of future, climate change and media. This thesis aims at analysing the construction of the climate apocalypse imaginary in two German newspapers to understand the argumentation schemes used to sustain it. The climate apocalypse imaginary was selected as it is the only negative future scenario. The results indicate that a variety of closely connected argumentation schemes are used by the newspapers. Furthermore, both newspapers use similar argumentation schemes.