Chitosan-glucan complex is fungal origin copolymer that finds application in medicine and cosmetics. Traditionally mycelium of Aspergillus and Penicillium is considered as industrial chitosan-glucan complex source, though utilization of Micromycetes in biotechnological productions is sometimes undesirable. The aim of the work was to study the possibility of Basidiomycete Schizophyllum commune submerged cultivation for industrial scale chitosan-glucan complex production use. Within the work there was studied effect of cultivation conditions (type and concentration of carbon sources in nutrient medium, ratio of carbon source to nitrogen source, medium initial pH and aeration intensity) on Sch. commune #127 mycelium growth, chitosan-glucan complex formation and exopolysaccharide synthesis. As the result, the method for chitosan-glucan complex production increase and exopolysaccharide synthesis suppression was suggested. Chitosan-glucan complex from Sch. commune #127 submerged mycelium was separated by successive alkali and acid treatments. Effects of alkali concentration and application technique, and type of acid on physical and chemical properties of chitosan-glucan complex were described. Analytical methods for in process control and final product characteristics were suggested.

This project considers methods of construction QRS detectors. It focus in detection complexes of QRS single leads and space speed, which are calculated from three orthogonal leads. In theory was refer to various methods, which lead to design detector. It were designed two algoritms (constant and adaptive detecting threshold), which were implemented into detector and the signal was preprocessed by Hilbert transformation. Toward algoritms were completed by modification, which improved detection effectivity. Function of algoritms were tested in all signals of CSE (V2,V5,aVF).

This project is aimed at sleeping EEG signal, especially at searching of sleeping graphoelements and next at processing signal, witch this segmentation go before. Charakterization of sleeping graphoelements and problems with their classification are outlined here. Principle of two detection methods of k-komplex are explained and processed by Matlab with graphically representation of results. Results of automatic classification are compared with scoring of two experts.

Coronitic metagabbros occur as small isolated bodies along the contact between the Mariánské Lázně and the Teplá crystalline complexesin the NW of the Bohemian Massif. Metagabbros show variable metamorphic and textural characteristics with respect to their magmatic mineral assemblage and degree of metamorphism. The aim of this study is to characterize mineralogical, chemical, and microstructural changes related to metamorphic changes in selected representative samples. In addition, the associated calculation of P-T conditions can help to clarify the evolution of the boundary of both units as well as to provide constraints on formation of corona microstructures. Magmatic mineral assemblages in the metagabbros formed by plagiocase, orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene, amphibole, biotite and ilmenite occasionally olivine,spinel or quartz are generally well preserved. Metamorphism is mainly reflected by formation of single or multiple coronas at the contact of plagioclase with other primary minerals, the most common constuents are amphibole, garnet and orthopyroxene. Progressive breakdown of the magmatic plagioklase is reflected by formation of mixture An40 and An90 plagioclase associated with spinel,corundum and occasionally kyanite. According to chemical composition metagabbros follow tholeiitic trend and...

Exocyst is a binding protein complex, which is evolutionary conserved in yeast, animal and in plant cells. It has crucial role in regulation of cell morfogenesis and cell polarity. The function of the exocyst complex is binding of secretoric vesicle to the proper side on plasma membrane in penultimate step of exocytosis. This process is essecial for function and survival of cell. Another process crucial for the cell is autophagy. In plants autophagy plays important role in the responses to nutrient starvation, senescence, abiotic and biotic stress. RabG3b are small GTPases, which have positive role in autophagy. In this work I described the interaction between RabG3b and some of subunits of exocyst complex: Exo70B1, Exo70B2 and Exo84b. I also studied changes in morfogenesis of tonoplast by induction and inhibition of authophagy and induction of anthocyans synthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Tetrathiafulvalene derivatives are remarkable molecules, with various application, reported relatively recently. The radical cation of these compounds has very inter- esting optical, electronic, electrocatalytic superconducting and magnetic properties that have been intensively studied recently. Quantitative in-situ EPR voltammetric spectroelectrochemistry studies of 2-(2-hydroxyethylsulfanyl)-3-(benzylsulfanyl)-6,7- bis(octadecylsulphanyl)tetrathiafulvalene (TTF-Der3) have been carried out with the aim to confirm the oxidation sites, follow-up reactions (after the first electron transfer), and electrochemical behaviour. The diffusion process was confirmed by the depen- dence of current on the square root of the scan rate. It was claimed that the ratio of the number of generated radicals to transferred charge (electrons) for two representative TTF derivatives was determined to 5.5:500 for and 7:500 for TTF, indicating the follow- up reactions. Experiments were performed using the commercially available EPR standards, calibrated for this method (experimental setup). The latter was validated by quantitative EPR with standard 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl radical concentration (1·10−4 mol dm−3). For the ratios the confidence interval was reported for the first time for TTF-Der3 it was...

The thesis deals with hydrological conditions in a proglacial environment, focusing on the development of glacial lakes and the assessment of their susceptibility to outburst. The study site is the Adygine glacier-moraine complex located in the north-facing valley of the Kyrgyz Ridge, northern Tien Shan, Kyrgyzstan, at an altitude of 3400-4200 m a.s.l. In the past 50 years, the receding glacier allowed formation of several lakes, which form a three-level cascade and are fed by glacier meltwater. Below the glacier, there is a complex of several generations of moraines, through which the glacier meltwater is routed downstream. The aims of the work were to evaluate the development of individual lakes, their susceptibility to sudden outburst and possible triggers, to estimate the probable development of the site in the future, to analyse the hydrological regime of the lakes and to obtain basic information on the subsurface flow of water from the site to the stream. For the purposes of assessing the development of the lakes, the data obtained in the field (geodetic surveying of a shore line, bathymetric measurements), as well as satellite and aerial images were used. Fluctuation of lake water level was monitored by pressure sensors and the processing of this data allowed to analyse the hydrological...

- 1 - English abstract The late-Variscan magnesium-rich potassic to ultrapotassic igneous rocks create numerous dykes, dyke swarms and several plutonic bodies at the boundary between the Moldanubian Zone and the Teplá-Barrandian Block of the Bohemian Massif. They represent a volumetrically smaller group of igneous rock but they are the key to understand generation of melt and processes of mantle metasomatism and shallow-level magma differentiation. In addition, they are considered as an indicator of the tectonic evolution of this part of the Bohemian Massif during the final stages of the Variscan orogenesis. Currently, they are the subject of discussion by several authors in terms of their genesis, emplacement time and geodynamic significance. The presented thesis is a compilation of four scientific publications that are aimed at the petrological study of selected (ultra)-potassic dyke rocks from several localities at the western border of the Moldanubian Zone. The study of mineral textures, mineral chemistry and whole-rock geochemistry together with magnetic fabrics, structural field relations and age determinations allowed us to describe the crystallization history of these rocks, discuss their evolution from melt generation to magma ascent and emplacement, and form the model of sequence of Variscan...

Arabidopsis thaliana trichomes are large unicellular epidermal outgrowths with a specific development and intriguing shape, which makes them an excellent cell type for our research of cell polarization mecha- nisms. Cell polarity is essential for plant development and the exocyst complex is one of its key regulators. It is an octameric protein complex that mediates polarized exocytosis and growth by targeted tethering of secretory vesicles to the plasma membrane. Its EXO70 subunit functions as a landmark for exocytosis site and physically binds the target membrane through interaction with phospholipids. A remarkable multipli- cation of EXO70 subunit paralogs in land plant genomes is well documented, but the functional diversity of these paralogs remains to be described. In trichomes we revealed the specific role of the EXO70H4 paralog in secondary cell wall deposi- tion, especially in callose synthase delivery. We documented formation of a thick secondary cell wall during the maturation phase of wild type trichome development and a lack of it in the exo70H4 mutant. Moreover, we showed evidence for silica deposition dependency on callose synthesis. Further, we unveiled the formation of apical and basal plasma membrane domains, which differ in their phospholipid compo- sition and ability to bind...

The goal of master thesis Afghanistan as an insulator of regional complexes? Sectoral analysis of Afghan security was to analyze security of Afghanistan based on sectors and from the viewpoint of Regional security complex theory developed by Barry Buzan and Ole Wæver. The purpose of the thesis was to review categorization of Afghanistan as an insulator and identify factors which undermine his status as such. Afghanistan's location is very much unique because it lies among three different regional security complexes - Central Asia, The Middle East, and South Asia. The analysis was conducted through combination of a) discourse analysis of statements and speeches of president Ashraf Ghani and CEO Abdullah Abdullah (2014 - ) and added with information from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and b) material relations in regions, such as trade routes, military aid etc. and c) history. Analysis is based on military, political, and economic sectors. The discursive analysis pays attention to the perception of Afghanistan on itself with focus on institutional discourse and broader debate in the English-speaking afghan media.