Diss. Stockholm : Stockholms universitet, 2007.

Diss. Uppsala : Univ., 2003.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Stockholms universitet, 2006. / Härtill 3 uppsatser.

<p>Man hör ständigt sjöfolk prata om att arbeta inom den norskflaggade flottan. Det är allmänt känt att lönerna är högre än i Sverige men när det handlar om övriga ekonomiska aspekter är okunskapen stor. Vårt syfte med uppsatsen var att ta reda på hur dessa aspekter skiljer sig åt mellan de båda länderna. Vi valde att skriva i utredningsform då det handlar om att sammanställa redan befintligt material. En stor del av arbetet bestod i att söka information i elektroniska källor. För att tolka informationen har vi sedan kontaktat respektive organisation. Vi kom fram till att lönerna i Norge, enligt de avtal vi granskat, är högre än i Sverige. De sociala förmånerna är likartade länderna emellan, båda har sina fördelar och nackdelar. Detta gör att det mest är livssituationen i varje enskilt fall som avgör vilket land som har bäst förmåner.</p>

The issues of discrimination at the labour market are discussed frequently and according to the available sources of information these issues are not overlooked. When you imagine all manners of discrimination at the labour market, the most frequent manner is gender discrimination. It means that women are the most discriminated group. In this thesis I had focused on: the issue of women discrimination on the labour market and the topic of women versus men in the workplace. The society tells us the way how men and women have to look like and how they should behave according to their gender. Every person can observe these patterns since their childhood. The gender is formed by the external influences. The topic of gender discrimination belongs to sociology, however, there is a management sector which deals with the influence of gender inside the company ? it is called the management of gender relations. This is the theme which comes close to the women discrimination and to equal opportunities for men and women in the organization of the company. If the company is interested in establishing equal opportunities at the labour market, it is necessary to see women and men as two different parts of the company. It is impossible to replace the two parts with each other, because both of them have their tasks and the first part cannot work without the second part. The two parts are complementing each other in the family life and in the career life as well. The European Union has one of the most advanced antidiscrimination law in the world. The principle of equal opportunities of men and women is a part of the entrance conditions that have to be fulfilled by all member states and the candidate countries which want to enter the European Union. In the Czech legislative we can find the provision of equal treatment in The Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms. Another important document is the Labour Code and last but not least is the Antidiscrimination Act. For employers it is necessary to claim equal opportunities for women and men if they want to be popular in the society of the 21st century. The whole society has to take a part in solving this global problem and then the situation at the labour market might become better. Equal opportunities are an important value and it is the sign of a fair company which is based on democracy. That is why the equalization of the relationships between men and women should be the significant aim of companies.

No description available.

The objective of this work has been to find out two things: how graduates from the Faculty of Agriculture of South Bohemian University in České Budějovice, who finished their studies between years 2002 {--} 2006, were of use at the labour market and how they evaluate quality of education at the faculty.

The main goal of the thesis was to analyze the life situation of foreigners in the labour market within the district of České Budějovice. This goal has been achieved. The partial goal was to find the main reason why foreign nationals come to the Czech Republic from a country of provenance and to compare the education, professional qualifications and the experience of foreigners with the jobs done within Czech Republic. The basis of this thesis is aimed at evaluating the position of foreigners within the labour market and the possibilities of their integration. The questioning method (the technique of the questionnaire) and the method of document analysis (the technique of secondary data analysis) were both used within the framework of quantitative research in this thesis. The research complex consisted of foreigners listed in evidence at the employment office in České Budějovice. This Master{\crq}s Degree thesis may be utilized, in future, as source of information about foreigners within the labour market in České Budějovice and this thesis may also be used as an origin for the of mapping of problems with employment of foreigners in Czech Republic as a whole.

The issue of gender wage differentials has long been of interest not only to economists, but also to governments and policy makers. In the last few decades, the labour market outcomes for females seem to be improving; however, the gender pay gap persists globally and females still earn significantly less than males. However, labour market discrimination has not received the research attention it deserves in developing countries in general, and in Syria in particular. A wide variety of factors could influence the gender pay gap, such as human capital, job characteristics and social factors. In the Syrian context, social and cultural factors play an important role in determining the position of females in the labour market. However, most previous studies have ignored the effects of social factors on other variables. Therefore, this research investigates the indirect effect of social factors on wages through human capital and job characteristics. This thesis has two main aims: to examine the main determinants of earnings for men and women in Syria, and to investigate the existence and extent of discrimination in the observed gender wage differentials there. To achieve this, two methods were used. Firstly, the Mincerian wage equations were used to analyse gender wage determinants, then discrimination was estimated using Oaxaca’s decomposition. Secondly, General Linear Modelling (GLM) Univariate ANOVA was tested to reveal the main and interaction effects of the factors specified in the theoretical model. The data used in this research came from the Syrian Labour Force Survey (LFS) 2010 conducted by the Government through the Central Bureau of Statistics. The results indicated that human capital variables were vital in explaining individuals’ earnings. Also, job characteristics and social variables explained wages to different degrees. Rates of return to education were, on average, around 5%, with women’s returns being better for higher educational levels. All three groups of variables explained only 17.19% of the earning gap between men and women, leaving 82.81% that could be considered as labour market discrimination. The GLM models revealed that social factors have significant indirect effects on wages as, when adding these indirect effects to the model, the explained variance in wages increased from 35% to 55%. This research makes significant contributions to the field of gender wage differentials and discrimination in Syria. The results of this study could help the Syrian government to develop tailored policies for the Syrian labour market to narrow the gender pay gap as decreasing gender inequality would enhance productivity and foster economic growth.

Orientador: Carlos Alonso Barbosa de Oliveira / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-10T05:57:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Krein_JoseDari_D.pdf: 2796050 bytes, checksum: c49aadca1245f9f12ce25cbee75a218a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: A presente tese tem como objetivo fazer um balanço da regulação do trabalho no Brasil a partir da década de 1990, observando as transformações ocorridas tanto em relação ao conteúdo como em relação aos espaços de normatização. No que tange ao conteúdo privilegia-se uma análise dos aspectos centrais da relação de emprego: formas contratação, remuneração e jornada de trabalho. Aspectos que sofreram diversas alterações pontuais, mas que caminham na mesma direção, de ampliar a flexibilização das relações de trabalho, em um mercado de trabalho historicamente pouco estruturado, marcado pelo excedente estrutural de força de trabalho, alta informalidade, baixos salários, pequena proteção social e acentuado desrespeito aos direitos vigentes. É uma flexibilidade histórica, que se amplia a partir da década de 1990, dentro do contexto de baixo crescimento econômico, estreitamento do mercado de trabalho e da prevalência de uma ordem econômica dominada pela financeirização e sob hegemonia do neoliberalismo. Na análise das diversas medidas busca-se verificar a efetividade e o seu impacto no mercado de trabalho. Em relação aos espaços normativos, a análise buscar apreender as alterações advindas a partir das mudanças legais, do processo de negociação coletiva e pela dinâmica do mercado e/ou pelo poder discricionário do empregador em estabelecer de forma unilateral novas normas e regras que vão determinar as condições de uso, contratação e remuneração do emprego. As alterações se complementam nos três espaços, ocorrendo inúmeras medidas legais, mas o efeito mais substantivo sobre a vida dos trabalhadores não ocorre pela desregulamentação, mas pela dinâmica do mercado de trabalho. O conjunto de mudanças tende a fragilizar a regulação pública do mercado de trabalho, reforçando a lógica de mercantilização da força de trabalho e deixando o trabalho ainda mais inseguro, instável e precário / Abstract: The present thesis aims to draw a balance of labour regulation in Brazil from the beginning of the 90's to the present days, observing the changes both related to the regulation content and it's range. Concerning regulation content, the analyses focuses central aspects of employment relation: sorts of labour contracts, earnings and working hours. These aspects have suffered lots of punctual changes, yet they all had the same tendency to strengthen flexibility in labour relations, within a country characterized by a labour market historically weakly structured and marked by a structural excessive supply of labour, high rates of informality, low wages, poor social protection and significant disrespect for actual rights. It is a historical flexibility, increasing since the 90's, within a context of low rates of economic growth, labour market narrowing and prevalence of an economical order dominated by finances and the hegemony of neoliberalism. When analyzing the changes, the effort is to verify their effectiveness and impact on labour market. Concerning the range of regulation, the analyses aims to perceive the changing resulting from legal altering, from collective bargaining, from the market dynamics and/or the discretionary power of the employer to establish new rules and norms which determine the conditions of using, contracting and remunerating the work force. The changes complement themselves in these three aspects, although the most considerable effect over the workers lives does not come from the deregulation itself but from the dynamics of the labour market. The set of changes tends to weaken the public regulation of the labour market, strengthening the 'mercantilization' of the labour force logic and leaving labour even more insecure, unstable and precarious / Doutorado / Economia Social e do Trabalho / Doutor em Economia Aplicada