Two experiments were done to study the effects of L-carnitine supplementation (CNsup) during exercise. EXP 1, examined the effect of CNsup on lipid oxidation and muscle glycogen utilization during submaximal EX. Triglycerides were elevated by a fat feeding (90g fat), 3 h later subjects cycled for 60 min at 70% VO2max (CON). Muscle biopsies were obtained preEX, after 30 and 60 min of EX. Blood samples were taken preEX and every 15 min of EX. Subjects randomly completed two additional trials following 7 and 14 days of CNsup (6 g/day). During one of the trials, subjects received 2000 units of heparin 15 min prior to EX to elevate FFA (CNhep). There were no differences in V02, RER, HR, g of CHO and fat oxidized among the three trials. Serum total acid soluble (TASC) and free carnitine (FC) increased with CNsup (CON, 71.3 ± 2.9; CN, 92.8 ± 5.4; CNhep, 109.8 ± 3.5 mol·g'). Muscle carnitine concentration at rest was unaffected by CNsup. During EX, TASC did not change, FC decreased (p<0.05) and SCAC increased (p<0.05). With CNsup the decrease in FC was less (~50%) (p<0.05) and the increase in SCAC was greater (~200-300%) (p<0.05) compared to CON (free 65%; SCAC 150%). Pre and postEX muscle glycogens were not different. EXP 2, examined the effects of CNsup on blood lactate accumulation during maximal EX. Subjects cycled for 4 min at ~100% VO2max (CON). Exercise was repeated following 6 and 13 days of CNsup (6 g/day). Serum TASC and FC were elevated due to CNsup. Blood Lactate was measured prior to and 0, 3, 5, and 7 min postEX. CNsup resulted in less (p<0.05) lactate accumulation compared to CON. There were no differences between DAY-6 and DAY-13. / Human Performance Laboratory

Tyrimo tikslas – įvertinti L pieno rūgšties panaudojimo poveikį vištienos kokybei: fizikiniams cheminiams rodikliams ir aerobinių kolonijų skaičiui. Atlikus tyrimą nustatyta, kad 3 proc. pieno rūgšties tirpalas patikimai mažina tirtų vištienos šlaunelių aktyvųjį rūgštingumą (p ≤ 0,05). D pieno rūgšties izomero susidarymą slopino 3 proc. pieno rūgšties tirpalas. Mažiausiu aerobinių kolonijų skaičiumi pasižymėjo vištienos šlaunelės, kurios buvo paveiktos 3 proc. pieno rūgšties tirpalu (p ≤ 0,05). Bendras biogeninių aminų skaičius reikšmingai nesumažėjo nei vienoje apdorotų mėginių grupėje, tačiau mažiausias kiekis biogeninių aminų gautas vištienos šlauneles paveikus 3 proc. pieno rūgšties tirpalu. / The present study was designed to evaluate the impact of L lactic acid for poultry quality: physico-chemical characteristics and aerobic colony count. Our findings showed that 3 % of lactic acid. solution significantly reduces the chicken thighs active acidity (p ≤ 0,05). D lactic acid isomer formation were inhibited by 3 % of lactic acid solution. Strongest antibacterial effect was noted in chicken thighs, which were affected by 3 % of lactic acid solution (p ≤ 0.05). The total number of biogenic amines has not significantly decreased in any of the treated samples, but the lowest amount of biogenic amines were set in chicken t thighs treated with 3 % lactic acid.

Whey media, containing 2% (w/v) whey powder, 1% (w/v) glucose, and 0.5% (w/v) yeast extract, were fermented with nine Lactobacillus strains to produce angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides. Lb. brevis, Lb. helveticus, and Lb. paracasei were most effective in producing whey hydrolysates that contained potent ACE inhibitors, with the inhibition rate ranging from 93.3 +/- 0.3 to 100%. The hydrolysates of three Lactobacillus strains were partially purified by dialysis (6,000--8,000 Da cut-off) to remove larger molecules, and subsequently subjected to RP-HPLC, equipped with a Delta Pak C18 column. Each chromatogram displayed at least three distinct peaks at the hydrophobic region of the elution profile. Altogether fourteen peaks were purified and assayed for ACE inhibitory activity. All peaks except one exhibited ACE inhibitory activities, with IC50 ranging from 5.3 +/- 0.1 to 2637.8 +/- 366.9mug/ml. Three of these peaks contained pentapeptides, which consisted of mostly hydrophobic or aromatic amino acids at the C-terminal.

Enterococcus faecalis 710C is a lactic acid bacterium that produces two bacterocins, ent7A and ent7B. Both ent7A and ent7B have strong activity against gram-positive food pathogens including Listeria spp., Clostridium spp., vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Mass spectrometry analyses revealed that both ent7A (5201 Da) and ent7B (5207 Da) have formylated N-terminal methionine. The amino acid sequences, structural gene sequences of ent7 from nucleotide position 1-275 and immunity gene were determined. Circular dichroism data suggest that in aqueous solution ent7A and ent7B have 20 to 25% alpha-helical region. Addition of membrane-mimicking reagent (trifluoroethanol) did not significantly enhance the alpha-helical content in ent7A and ent7B. Chiral analysis by gas chromatography- mass spectrometry showed that the amino acid residues elucidated in ent7A and ent7B were all in L-configuration. / Food Science and Technology

Graduation date: 1993

Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, 2005. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniv., 2008. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Thesis (Master)--İzmir Institute of Technology, İzmir, 2004 / Includes bibliographical references (leaves. 59).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 1999. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 216-235). Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (doctoral)--Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2005. / Thesis documentation sheet inserted. Appendix reprints four papers and manuscripts co-authored with others. Includes bibliographical references. Also partially issued electronically via World Wide Web in PDF format; online version lacks appendix.