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Meedy Nugraha. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 112-117). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / ABSTRACT --- p.i / CHINESE ABSTRACT --- p.ii / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.iii / Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Rationale of the Present Study --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- The Importance of Needs Analysis --- p.3 / Chapter 1.3 --- Objectives of the Study --- p.3 / Chapter 1.4 --- Significance of the Study --- p.4 / Chapter 1.5 --- Organization of the Thesis --- p.4 / Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.5 / Chapter 2.1 --- Needs Analysis in English Language Teaching --- p.5 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Subjective versus Objective Information --- p.6 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Major Approaches in Needs Analysis --- p.7 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- Orientations in Needs Analysis : Trends Over Time --- p.8 / Chapter 2.1.4 --- Limitations of Needs Analysis --- p.9 / Chapter 2.2 --- Needs Analyses in the Asian Context --- p.10 / Chapter 2.3 --- Needs Analysis in Indonesia --- p.15 / Chapter 2.4 --- A Needs Analysis at Petra Christian University (1998) --- p.21 / Chapter 2.5 --- Research Gap --- p.23 / Chapter CHAPTER 3 --- RESEARCH DESIGN AND PROCEDURES --- p.25 / Chapter 3.1 --- Data Collection Procedures in Needs Analysis --- p.25 / Chapter 3.2 --- The Importance of Instrument Selection in Needs Analysis --- p.28 / Chapter 3.3 --- The Case Study Approach --- p.30 / Chapter 3.4 --- Characteristics of Procedures in Needs Analysis --- p.30 / Chapter 3.5 --- Strength and Weaknesses of Different Procedures --- p.31 / Chapter 3.6 --- The Present Study: Research Design and Procedures --- p.31 / Chapter 3.6.1 --- Designing the Questionnaire and Interviews --- p.33 / Chapter 3.6.2 --- Data Collection Procedures --- p.36 / Chapter 3.7 --- Conclusion --- p.43 / Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- FINDINGS --- p.44 / Chapter 4.1 --- Quantitative Data: Questionnaire Survey --- p.44 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- Students' Perspectives --- p.44 / Chapter 4.1.2 --- English Instructors' Perspectives --- p.51 / Chapter 4.1.3 --- Engineering Lecturers' Perspectives --- p.53 / Chapter 4.2 --- Qualitative Data: Semi Structured Interview --- p.57 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Students' Perspectives --- p.57 / Chapter 4.2 2 --- English Instructors' Perspectives --- p.60 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Engineering Lecturers' Perspectives --- p.65 / Chapter 4.3 --- Classroom Observation --- p.70 / Chapter 4.4 --- Text Analysis --- p.71 / Chapter 4.5 --- Conclusion --- p.73 / Chapter CHAPTER 5 --- DISCUSSION --- p.74 / Chapter 5.1 --- The Current English Needs of Engineering Students at PCU / Chapter 5.1.1 --- Immediate versus Delayed Needs --- p.74 / Chapter 5.1.2. --- Different Perceptions between Students and Teachers --- p.76 / Chapter 5.1.3 --- Types of Skill Needs --- p.80 / Chapter 5.1.3.1 --- Students' Reading Skill Needs --- p.80 / Chapter 5.1.3.2 --- Students' Vocabulary Skill Needs --- p.83 / Chapter 5.1.3.3 --- Students' Speaking Skill Needs --- p.86 / Chapter 5.1.3.4 --- Students' Writing Skill Needs --- p.87 / Chapter 5.1.4 --- The Needs of Subject Area Knowledge --- p.88 / Chapter 5.2 --- The English Language Course for Engineering Students --- p.90 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- Widespread Existence --- p.90 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- Large Classes --- p.90 / Chapter 5.2.3 --- Time Allocation --- p.91 / Chapter 5.2.4 --- Management --- p.91 / Chapter 5.2.5 --- Teacher Factors --- p.92 / Chapter 5.2.6 --- Learner Factors --- p.93 / Chapter 5.2.7 --- Material Development --- p.93 / Chapter 5.2.8 --- Teaching Methodology --- p.96 / Chapter 5.2.9 --- CUE Lacks Prestige --- p.96 / Chapter 5.2.10 --- Syllabus Specification --- p.97 / Chapter 5.3 --- The Engineering Faculty and the English Course Mismatches- --- p.97 / Chapter 5.4 --- Conclusion --- p.100 / Chapter CHAPTER 6 --- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS --- p.102 / Chapter 6.1 --- Summary of the Research Findings --- p.102 / Chapter 6.2 --- Limitations of the Study --- p.104 / Chapter 6.3 --- Recommendations for English Curriculum --- p.105 / Chapter 6.3.1 --- To the English Instructors and Engineering Teachers --- p.106 / Chapter 6.3.2 --- Objectives of the English Support Course for Engineering Students --- p.107 / Chapter 6.3.3 --- Material Development --- p.109 / Chapter 6.3.4 --- Time Allocation --- p.110 / Chapter 6.3.5 --- Management of the English Course --- p.110 / Chapter 6.3.6 --- To the University --- p.111 / Chapter 6.4 --- Conclusion --- p.111 / REFERENCES --- p.112

Wong Mei-kiu. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 100-107). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.i / ABSTRACT (English version) --- p.ii / ABSTRACT (Chinese version) --- p.iii / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iv-v / LIST OF TABLES --- p.vi / Chapter 1. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Background and the Problem --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Purpose of the Study --- p.3 / Chapter 1.3 --- Significance of the Study --- p.4 / Chapter 2. --- REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERATURE --- p.5 / Chapter 2.1 --- Second Language Vocabulary Acquisition --- p.5 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Mechanisms of Processing and the Retention of Words --- p.6 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Approaches to Second Language Vocabulary Acquisition --- p.8 / Chapter 2.1.2.1 --- Implicit Learning of Vocabulary --- p.9 / Chapter 2.1.2.2 --- Explicit Learning of Vocabulary --- p.11 / Chapter 2.1.2.3 --- Implicit versus Explicit Learning of Vocabulary --- p.12 / Chapter 2.2 --- Significance of Affix Learning in the Learning of Vocabulary --- p.14 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Definition and related concepts of ´بAffix´ة --- p.14 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Importance of Morphological Knowledge in Learning Vocabulary --- p.18 / Chapter 2.2.2.1 --- Proportion of Affixed Words --- p.19 / Chapter 2.2.2.2 --- Functions of Affixes --- p.20 / Chapter 2.2.2.3 --- Relationship between Affix Knowledge and Vocabulary Size --- p.25 / Chapter 2.2.2.4 --- Empirical Studies on Affix Learning --- p.27 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Explicit Learning of Affixes --- p.35 / Chapter 2.2.3.1 --- Procedure for Learning Affixes --- p.36 / Chapter 2.2.3.2 --- Difficulties in Learning Affixes --- p.36 / Chapter 3. --- METHODOLOGY --- p.40 / Chapter 3.1 --- Research Design --- p.40 / Chapter 3.2 --- Subject Selection --- p.41 / Chapter 3.3 --- Materials --- p.43 / Chapter 3.4 --- Pilot Study --- p.48 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- Aim --- p.48 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- Methodology --- p.49 / Chapter 3.4.2.1 --- Subject Selection --- p.49 / Chapter 3.4.2.2 --- Procedure --- p.50 / Chapter 3.4.3 --- Comments on the Pilot Study and Improvements made after the Pilot Study --- p.54 / Chapter 3.4.3.1 --- Comments on the Procedure --- p.54 / Chapter 3.4.3.2 --- Comments on the Materials --- p.55 / Chapter 3.5 --- Procedure of the Research --- p.59 / Chapter 4. --- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION --- p.64 / Chapter 4.1 --- Treatment of Data --- p.64 / Chapter 4.2 --- Findings of the Experiment --- p.65 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Test Results --- p.66 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Questionnaires --- p.71 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Classroom Observation --- p.80 / Chapter 4.2.4 --- Summary of the Research Findings --- p.81 / Chapter 4.3 --- Discussion of the Findings --- p.82 / Chapter 5. --- CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS --- p.94 / Chapter 5.1 --- Conclusions --- p.94 / Chapter 5.2 --- Implications --- p.96 / Chapter 5.3 --- Limitations and Suggestions for Further Research --- p.97 / REFERENCES --- p.100-107 / APPENDICES / Appendix 1 Previous Studies on the Effectiveness of Affix Learning --- p.108 / Appendix 2 Test items and Distractors --- p.109-117 / Appendix 3 Background Questionnaire for the Research --- p.118 / Appendix 4 Follow-up Questionnaire for the Research --- p.119 / Appendix 5 The 36 Word Target Vocabulary for the Research --- p.120 / Appendix 6 Prefixes and Suffixes for the Experimental Group in the Research --- p.121 / Appendix 7a Background Questionnaire for the Experimental Groupin the Pilot Study --- p.122 / Appendix 7b Background Questionnaire for the Control Group in the Pilot Study --- p.123 / Appendix 8 Follow-up Questionnaire for the Pilot Study --- p.124 / Appendix 9 The 12 Target Words for the Pilot Study --- p.125 / Appendix 10 Procedure of the Research --- p.126 / Appendix 11 Samples of the Exercises --- p.127-128

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published_or_final_version / Linguistics / Master / Master of Arts in Applied Linguistics

This thesis explores and discusses the current practice of English as a Second Language (ESL) evaluation primarily in terms of validity, authenticity, and experiential groundedness. The researcher endeavours to apply theories of ESL evaluation to actual practice, analyzing the differences or harmonization between with regard to validity, authenticity, experiential groundedness and some other factors identified as being important in evaluation in language acquisition situations, particularly CRTs, NRTs, foramtive and summative evaluations. Ethnographic inquiry is used for obtaining data. A program case study, a technique of qualitative research, is used for this study. The purpose is to gather some genuine data from the interviewees which are real and revealing, thus enabling the researcher to gain particular insights relative to the aims of his study. The analysis aspires to give voice to interviewee's on ESL evaluation in terms of validity, authenticity, and experiential groundedness, along with other factors noted above. This report sets out to determine how or if validity, authenticity, and experiential groundedness, along with some other factors identified above, are integrated elements of an efficient and effective ESL evaluation. Such was found to ve the case and it was also found that these can be reinforced by guaranteeing that an evaluation targets its population closely, adopting real-life approaches and, establishing linkages between evaluation and prior knowledge and skills. / xi, 156 leaves ; 28 cm.

Montreal's cosmopolitan environment becomes richer and is modified as the years go by with the increased mobility and the arrival of new immigrants. In this context, it seems essential to know the development of the immigrants' cultural representations related to their own cultural identity, and related to the French language and people who speak this language. For the French teaching milieu, such knowledge is essential to inspire the development of curriculum to fulfil the new arrivals' linguistic and cultural needs and to better intervene in the classroom. Second language education can therefore provide opportunities for better knowing, understanding and appreciating the Other as well as the other language and culture. / This enquiry explores the cultural, representations of adult immigrants from different cultural backgrounds learning French in Montreal in various post-secondary institutions sanctioned by the ministere de l'Immigration et des Communautes culturelles du Quebec (MICC). This study uses quantitative and qualitative survey instruments in order to examine the cultural representations of these immigrants in relation to their integration, their linguistic, cultural and social practices, a new definition of their cultural identity, their reactions in instances of intercultural contact as well as their motivation to study French. In total, 110 immigrants answered our written questionnaire and 14 of them participated in an interview. / Findings suggest that the participants generally hold positive cultural representations towards the French language and French-speaking Quebecois. The study indicates that immigrants are mostly looking for informal French learning experiences within their host society. Moreover, participants acknowledge that learning and mastering French is very important for them, both to interact with French-speaking Quebecois, and to obtain a good job in Quebec. Findings related to the immigrants' cultural identity reveal that they seem to experience a "me-them" cultural duality in their host province. / The implications of this study are mainly related to the importance of emphasizing the informal learning of the French language so that immigrants can become better integrated into the French-speaking society. Further study perspectives could include the development of French language programs and the content of the French courses offered by the MICC, the use of different data collection methods as well as the participation of immigrants from specific cultural origins. / L'environnement cosmopolite montréalais s'enrichit et se modifie au fil des annéesavec la mobilité des populations et l'arrivée de nouveaux immigrants. Dans ce contexte,il apparaît essentiel de connaître le développement des représentations culturelles desimmigrants en lien avec leur propre identité culturelle, et envers la langue française et lesgens qui parlent cette langue. Pour le milieu de l'enseignement du français, une telleconnaissance est essentielle pour susciter le développement de curriculum répondant auxbesoins langagiers et culturels des immigrants. L'éducation en langues secondes peutdonc fournir des opportunités pour mieux connaître l'Autre, sa langue et sa culture, etéventuellement pour permettre de le comprendre et de l'apprécier davantage.

This thesis investigates non-native language acquisition of the verbal and nominal functional domains in Second language (L2) English and second/third language (L2/L3) French by Chinese and Vietnamese speakers. Six experimental studies are reported. Two current competing theories in the field of theoretical second language acquisition (L2A), namely, the Failed Features Hypothesis (FFH) and the Full Transfer Full Access (FTFA) model are compared and their applicability to third language acquisition (L3A) evaluated in the light of our data. / A version of the Minimalist Program is assumed in this work. Predictions based on FFH and FTFA are as follows: As far as L2A is concerned, both FFH and FTFA predict full transfer of L1 in the L2 initial state. With respect to L3A, FFH predicts the initial state to be L1 while FTFA predicts either L1 or L2. The two models diverge regarding their predictions on the L2/L3 transitional and steady states. In particular, FFH hypothesizes permanent "failure" and persistent L1 influence in L2/L3 interlanguage while FTFA hypothesizes full access and acquirability of target structures. / Three L2/L3 experimental studies on the verbal functional domain (i.e. tense and agreement) and another three on the nominal functional domain (i.e. the Determiner Phrase) were conducted. Subjects include Chinese monolingual learners of English, Vietnamese monolingual learners of French as well as Chinese-English bilingual learners of French. A variety of tasks were used to test the predictions made by the two models. Results demonstrate partial transfer of L1 in the L2 initial state and of L2 in the L3 initial state, and point towards full access in the L2/L3 steady states. These findings do not seem to be consistent with FFH. It appears that FTFA is a more viable theory for non-native language acquisition. We also contend that L3A is not simply another case of L2A.

Low student success rates in introductory computer programming classes result in low student retention rates in computer science programs. For some sections of the course a traditional approach began using C# in the .Net development environment immediately. An experimental course redesign for one section was prepared that began with a study of HTML and JavaScript and focused on having students build web pages for several weeks; after that the experimental course used C# and the .Net development environment, covering all the material that was covered in the traditional sections. Students were more successful in the experimental section, with a higher percentage of the students passing the course and a higher percentage of the students continuing on to take at least one additional computer science course. / Department of Computer Science

[No Abstract Submitted] / Education, Faculty of / Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of / Graduate