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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

The Description of Large Systems

Pitman, Kent 01 September 1984 (has links)
In this paper we discuss the problems associated with the description and manipulation of large systems when their sources are not maintained as single fields. We show why and how tools that address these issues, such as Unix MAKE and Lisp Machine DEFSYSTEM, have evolved. Existing formalisms suffer from the problem that their syntax is not easily separable from their functionality. In programming languages, standard "calling conventions" exist to insulate the caller of a function from the syntactic details of how that function was defined, but until now no such conventions have existed to hide consumers of program systems from the details of how those systems were specified. We propose a low-level data abstraction which can support notations such as those used by MAKE and DEFSYSTEM without requiring that the introduction of a new notation be accompanied by a completely different set of tools for instantiating or otherwise manipulating the resulting system. Lisp is used for presentation, bit the issues are not idiosyncratic to LISP.
2

Nonviolent change journal

Unknown Date (has links)
Nonviolent Change Journal helps to network the peace community: providing dialoguing, exchanges of ideas, articles, reviews, reports and announcements of the activities of peace related groups and meetings, reviews of world developments relating to nonviolent change and resource information concerning the development of human relations on the basis of mutual respect. The Nonviolent Change Journal is published by the Research/Action Team on Nonviolent Large Systems Change, an interorganizational and international project of The Organization Development Institute.
3

[pt] TEORIA E APLICAÇÃO DE EQUIVALENTES DINÂMICOS NA REDE ELÉTRICA BRASILEIRA / [en] THEORY AND APPLICATION OF DYNAMIC EQUIVALENTS TO THE BRAZILIAN POWER GRID

RODRIGO VILLELA DE FARIA 13 January 2020 (has links)
[pt] Modelos equivalentes de rede podem ser usados na avaliação de segurança online, no planejamento da operação de grandes sistemas e na simulação em tempo real. A representação de partes não observadas do sistema por equivalentes melhora significativamente o desempenho computacional, que é um requisito importante na avaliação de segurança on-line, e necessário quando não estão disponíveis informações sobre áreas não observadas. Em simuladores em tempo real, devido a limitações de hardware, é obrigatório o uso de equivalentes. Para estudos de planejamento, as reduções de rede fazem sentido se o sistema for muito grande e o foco da análise restrito a uma parte relativamente pequena do sistema, para os quais o uso de equivalentes de rede pode poupar uma enorme quantidade de tempo. O tema dos equivalentes de rede recebeu atenção significativa nos anos 70 e 80, principalmente na avaliação da segurança estática. Entretanto, para aquelas perturbações que envolvem respostas de potência pelo sistema externo, simples modelos estáticos podem não ser suficientes. Para isso, utiliza-se a representação dinâmica nesses equivalentes. O sistema externo deve manter uma resposta semelhante às oscilações eletromecânicas do sistema original. Tendo em vista a expansão do Sistema Interligado Nacional (SIN), a crescente inserção de elos de corrente contínua e a elevada da participação de fontes de geração distribuída, especialmente a eólica, é esperado um aumento significativo do número e complexidade dos modelos para simulações dinâmicas. Assim, é de extrema relevância o aperfeiçoamento dos equivalentes dinâmicos, tanto para utilização on-line como para o planejamento da operação. Portanto, esta dissertação visa explorar os limites das técnicas de equivalentes dinâmicos de rede mais recentes, bem como possíveis caminhos para o aperfeiçoamento de sua aplicação, inclusive com a consideração do seu uso para acelerar o cálculo de regiões de segurança. Além de uma revisão da teoria recente de equivalentes estáticos e dinâmicos, serão apresentadas aplicações de equivalentes dinâmicos em diferentes regiões do SIN. A primeira região, mais restrita, representa a rede de atendimento aos estados do Acre e Rondônia, com o restante do SIN reduzido. A segunda região, mais geral, reduz partes do SIN considerando o bloqueio total do Bipolo Xingu-Estreito e seu impacto na rede. Os resultados obtidos são amplamente discutidos. / [en] Equivalent network models can be used for online security assessment, operation planning of large systems, and real-time simulation. Representing unobserved parts of large networks by equivalents significantly improves computational performance, which is an important requirement in online security assessment and required when no information on unobserved areas is available. In real-time simulators, due to hardware limitations, the use of equivalents is mandatory. For planning studies, network reductions make sense if the system is too large and the focus of analysis is restricted to a relatively small part of the system, for which the use of network equivalents can save a huge amount of time. The topic of network equivalents received significant attention in the 1970s and 1980s, especially in static security assessments. However, for those perturbations involving power responses by the external system, simple static models may not be sufficient. For this, the dynamic representation in these equivalents is used. The external system must preserve a response similar to the electromechanical oscillations of the original system. Considering the expansion of the Brazilian Interconnected System (BIS), the increasing insertion of DC links and the high contribution of distributed generation sources, especially wind, a significant increase in the number and complexity of the models for dynamic simulations is expected. Thus, it is extremely important to improve the dynamic equivalents, for both online use and for operation planning. Therefore, this dissertation aims to explore the limits of the latest dynamic network equivalent techniques as well as possible ways to improve its application, including its use to speed up the assessment of security regions. In addition to a review of the recent theory of static and dynamic equivalents, applications of dynamic equivalents will be presented in different regions of the BIS. The first region, more restricted, represents the network transmission services to the states of Acre and Rondônia, with the rest of the BIS reduced. The second region, more general, reduces parts of the BIS considering the total block of the Xingu-Estreito bipole and its impact on the network. The results obtained are widely discussed.

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