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This research examines the emergence of terrorism as a legal and political category in late colonial India from 1897 to 1946. Chapter 1 traces debates surrounding laws of sedition from the 19th century and follows these laws into the early twentieth century, where they come to be viewed as increasingly inadequate in dealing with the unprecedented challenge presented to the colonial regime by secret societies using bomb assassinations against the government. Chapter 2 then examines how these discussions change in the context of the First World War, when a language of war and concerns regarding third party German involvement provide the opportunity for the imperial government to strengthen its emergency laws by legislating against 'conspiracy'. Chapter 3 demonstrates how, following the end of the war, conspiracy became itself viewed as an inadequate term and officials made a conscious decision to present revolutionaries under the label of 'terrorism' in subsequent speeches. This continued into the early 1930s, where laws in India began to target terrorism as a discrete category of crime, in legislation such as the Suppression of Terrorism Outrages Act of 1932. Chapter 4 situates this process within the context of the international system of the interwar period, first exploring India's under-studied relationship with the League of Nations and then indicating how this relationship became a point of critique for those labelled by the government as terrorists, particularly the Bengali revolutionary Rash Behari Bose. Chapter 5 shows how the discussions surrounding the Convention for the Prevention and Punishment of Terrorism in 1937, the world's first international law to target terrorism as a discrete category of crime, reflected many of the concerns that animated discussions in India. The chapter also examines India's role in the Convention, as the only member-state of the League to ultimately ratify the treaty.

The purpose of this research was to build upon, and extend, the sport diversity research. Specifically, Study 1 adopted a compositional approach to examine the effects of ethnicity, age, and team tenure on a team process (team assists), and their indirect effects on overall team performance (team points) through that team process. Hierarchical regression analyses, after controlling for team ability, indicated that the block of diversity variables accounted for 6.5% (p < .05) of the variance in team assists. Further results indicated that ethnic diversity was significantly, and negatively, related to team assists, while age and team tenure diversity were not related to team assists. In turn, team assists accounted for 22% (p < .001) of the variance in team points, above and beyond team ability. Team assists were significantly, and positively, related to overall team performance. Results suggest that team diversity does impact team processes and, indirectly, team performance. Study 2 adopted a relational approach to examine how being similar, or dissimilar, influences the dyadic relationship between the goal scorer and assistor. The MANOVA analyses were significant for ethnicity, Wilks’ Λ = .976 (p < .001), age group, Wilks’ Λ = .952 (p < .001), and team tenure group, Wilks’ Λ = .896 (p < .001), indicating that there were differences between those goal scorers receiving assists from the various subgroups within each of these three categories. In general, results support the similarity-attraction paradigm, in that, a player is likely to assist a teammate who is similar to himself more so than he is to assist a player who is different, with regards to these three demographic characteristics. Results have practical implications for coaches and managers, while also contributing to the theoretical body of literature for sport and diversity research. This research examined National Hockey League teams and players during a three year period (2001-2004). English Canadians made up 42.5% of the players in the league, followed by Europeans (33%), Americans (15.7%), and French Canadians (8.8%). The average age of players in the league was 27.7 years of age, while the average team tenure was 3.7 years.

Thesis--Breslau. / Lebenslauf. "Schrifttum": p.5-9.

Thesis (B.A.(Hons.))-- University of Adelaide, Dept. of History, 1970.

Thesis (M.A.)--Villanova University, 2009. / Communication Dept. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Michigan State University. Dept. of History, 1993. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record.

Thesis (doctoral)--Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 1931. / Lebenslauf. "Literaturverzeichnis": p. iii-x.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Pennsylvania, 1932. / Bibliography: p. 186-192.