Evengy Pashukanis was a russian legal scholar who with his book Law and Marxism: a general theorydeveloped a theory according to which law emerges from the exchange of commodities undercapitalism. The aim of this essay, called “the Right to the commodity and the origins of subjectivity”,is to determine the meaning of the term “legal subjectivity” and how the legal subject gains “adouble” with a “juridically constituted” will and how this affects a concrete person’s lived experienceaccording to Pashukanis. Legal subjectivity arises from the need of commodities to be exchanged onthe market, which makes the law and the economy mutually dependent upon each other. Thecommodity gives subjectivity to its owner and engenders it with a profit maximizing will, asubjectivation completed through a mutual recognition between two commodity owners in whichthey recognize each other’s abilities to hold rights and duties. This means the subjects recognize eachother as formally equal and independent. This leads to the beliefs that the will comes from theconcrete person and not the commodity, and that the subject is autonomous when in fact it is theresult of a social interplay. When the two legal subjects get into a conflict it gives rise to a statemachinery in the form of the judiciary and the law which appears neutral but acts in accordance withthe needs of the capitalist system, and the legal form, which the machinery then spreads to othersocial relations, turning them into to relations between legal subjects based on rights and duties. Thestate and the economy appear separate but are linked through the legal subject. The legal formtransforms the legal subject into its own double, this more abstract subjectivity can be described asdifferent roles that the legal subject acts out in different scenarios with a will based on the needs ofthe capitalist system, although the will seems to be free and absolute and emanating from theconcrete person. The legal subjectivity is coded as a male and limited in what duties it can take on.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:34:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcelo Gomes Franco Grillo.pdf: 466176 bytes, checksum: 4d5836ceec2d439d4dd792128bf73752 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-08-05 / Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie / The present search has as object the right in the slovenian philosopher Slajov i ek´s work. The philosophy of the right is looked for in that author, considering its proximity as the legal marxism and with the critical philosophies. Therefore will be possible two verifications of the right in Zizek: one related to the legal Marxism and other, without being it, but still yes, in general, critical. For the first slope, the Marxist, there is the possibility of a subdivision. i ek has two apprehensions of the legal Marxism. One is more literal to Marx's work, in the comparison with the legal Marxism of Pachukanis, and other, without being similar to the first one, composed by a Marxist critical reading of the democracy, of the capitalism, of the citizenship and of the themes of the minorities and of the environment, as well as a theorise of the psychoanalysis, as it was already done before by the authors of the school of Frankfurt, however being used of Lacan and not of Freud. Specifically for the subjects of the democracy and of the i ek´s citizenship, sometimes, implicitly enters into contradiction with the vision most radical of pachukanis. In order to reinterpret the Marxist theory, the Slovenian author proceeds an analysis of the contemporary society, based in their current problems and with examples of the politics. There is still the possibility of an approach of the theory of pachukanis´s right with the social psychoanalysis starting from the Slovenian author's writings, basing on the previous propositions of Lacan. Regarding to the second slope, the critic Non Marxist, to clarify it, has the development by the author of Lubliana of the themes of the human rights, of the citizenship (the critic of the neoliberalism) and of the possible historical readings of the legal positivism and of the philosophy of right´s Hegel, as well as of the critic of the right being used of a critical assimilation of the "philosophy of right of the exception", of Carl Schmitt, among others, what approximates i ek of the philosophy of the power. On the other hand, the acceptable approach of the exception as the rupture bearing for the revolution will place i ek as an author Post-Marxist. / A presente pesquisa tem como objeto o direito na obra do filósofo esloveno Slavoj i ek. Busca-se a filosofia do direito nesse autor, considerando a sua proximidade como o marxismo jurídico e com as filosofias críticas. Por isso, serão possíveis duas constatações do direito em i ek: uma, relacionada ao marxismo jurídico e outra, sem o sê-lo, mas ainda assim, de um modo geral, crítica. Para a primeira vertente, a marxista, há a possibilidade de uma subdivisão. i ek tem duas apreensões do marxismo jurídico. Uma mais literal à obra de Marx, na comparação com o marxismo jurídico de Pachukanis, e outra, sem ser similar à pachukaniana, composta por uma leitura crítica marxista da democracia, do capitalismo, da cidadania e dos temas das minorias e do meio ambiente, assim como uma teorização da psicanálise, conforme já foi feita antes pelos autores da Escola de Frankfurt, porém utilizando-se de Lacan e não de Freud. Especificamente para as questões da democracia e da cidadania i ek, por vezes, implicitamente entra em uma contradição com a visão mais radical pachukaniana. A fim de reinterpretar a teoria marxista, o autor esloveno procede a uma análise da sociedade contemporânea, com base em seus problemas atuais e com exemplos da política. Há ainda a possibilidade de uma aproximação da teoria do direito pachukaniana com a psicanálise social a partir dos escritos do autor esloveno, baseando-se nas teses anteriores de Lacan. Referente à segunda vertente, a crítica não-marxista, a esclarecê-la, tem-se o desenvolvimento pelo autor de Lubliana das temáticas dos direitos humanos, da cidadania (a crítica ao neoliberalismo) e das possíveis leituras históricas do positivismo jurídico e da filosofia do direito de Hegel, bem como da crítica do direito utilizando-se de uma assimilação crítica da filosofia do direito da exceção , de Carl Schmitt, dentre outros, o que aproxima i ek da filosofia do poder. Por outro lado, a admissível abordagem da exceção como a ruptura rumo à revolução situará i ek como um autor pós-marxista.