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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

DiagnÃstico laboratorial de dengue e leptospirose em pacientes com sÃndrome febril aguda / Laboratory diagnosis of dengue and leptospirosis in patients with acute febrile syndrome

Laiane Fernanda de Melo Brezerra 31 January 2012 (has links)
FundaÃÃo de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Cearà / Dentre as arboviroses, a dengue apresenta-se como a mais importante, constituindo um grave problema de saÃde pÃblica a nÃvel mundial. As regiÃes tropicais e subtropicais sÃo as mais afetadas, ocorrendo aproximadamente 100 milhÃes de infecÃÃes por ano. Os principais sintomas que caracterizam a infecÃÃo sÃo febre, cefalÃia, dor retro-orbitÃria, mialgia, artralgia, prostraÃÃo e exantema. No entanto, outras infecÃÃes apresentam sintomas bastante semelhantes com a dengue, como a leptospirose. Ambas, dengue e leptospirose, podem causar surtos durante as estaÃÃes chuvosas, visto que à o melhor perÃodo para a disseminaÃÃo do mosquito Aedes aegypti e a contaminaÃÃo de Ãreas alagadas pela bactÃria Leptospira sp.. Dessa forma, este estudo teve como objetivo empregar diferentes mÃtodos para o diagnÃstico laboratorial de dengue e leptospirose em pacientes com sÃndrome febril. Oitenta e seis amostras de 86 pacientes com suspeita de dengue foram analisadas por meio do teste imunocromatogrÃfico NS1, ELISA-NS1, teste imunocromatogrÃfico de captura de IgM e IgG, ELISA-IgM e RT-PCR. Dentre os 86 pacientes avaliados, 48 (55,8%) foram positivos para pelo menos um dos testes diagnÃsticos realizados. ApÃs testados para dengue, 68 pacientes foram avaliados pelo teste imunocromatogrÃfico de captura de IgM e pelo teste de ELISA-IgM, ambos para identificaÃÃo de anticorpos anti-Leptospira. Cinco (7,3%) foram positivos para esta infecÃÃo. à de grande importÃncia pesquisar outras causas infeciosas, como a leptospirose, que tambÃm à uma doenÃa febril, em pacientes com suspeita clÃnica de dengue, pois o controle das doenÃas mais prevalentes sà se torna possÃvel quando conhecemos os agentes infecciosos responsÃveis por elas. Portanto, faz-se necessÃrio o uso de diagnÃsticos especÃficos para cada infecÃÃo, permitindo com que os programas de controle epidemiolÃgicos sejam realizados. / Among the arboviruses, dengue is the most important, constituting a serious public health problem worldwide. The tropical and subtropical regions are most affected, occurring approximately 100 million infections per year. The main symptoms that characterize the infection are fever, headache, retro-orbital pain, myalgia, arthralgia, prostration and rash. However, other infections have very similar symptoms to dengue, such as leptospirosis. Both dengue and leptospirosis, can cause outbreaks during the rainy seasons, since it is the best period for the dissemination of Aedes aegypti and contamination of wetlands by Leptospira sp.. This study aimed to employ different methods for the laboratory diagnosis of dengue and leptospirosis in patients with febrile syndrome. Eighty-six samples of 86 patients suspected of being infected with dengue were analyzed by NS1 immunoassay, NS1-ELISA, immunoassay IgM and IgG capture, IgM-ELISA and RT-PCR. Among the 86 patients evaluated, 48 (55.8%) were positive for at least one of diagnostic tests. After tested for dengue, 68 patients were evaluated by immunoassay IgM capture and by ELISA-IgM, both for identification of anti-Leptospira. Five (7.3%) were positive for this infection. It is very important to search for other infectious causes, such as leptospirosis, which is also a febrile illness, in patients with clinical suspicion of dengue, since the control of diseases prevalent only becomes possible when we know the infectious agents responsible for them. Therefore, it is necessary to use specific diagnoses for each infection, allowing epidemiological control programs can be carried out.

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