Th.--Sci.--Toulouse 3, 1986. / Bibliogr. p. 473-491.

Thèse de doctorat--Sciences naturelles--Faculté des sciences de Paris, 1894. N°: 844.

Inaug.-Diss.--Philosophie--Zurich, 1983. / 1984 d'après la déclaration de dépôt légal. Bibliogr. p. 351-363. Résumé en anglais.

Th.--Géol.--Université de Lyon I, [ca 1989]. / Résumé en français et en anglais. Bibliogr. p. 221-229.

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Le passage entre les étages géologiques du Pliensbachien et du Toarcien au Jurassique inférieur est suivi au Toarcien inférieur par un évènement anoxique d’importance planétaire (TOAE pour Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event). Dans les archives de l’histoire de la terre, ce moment correspond en bien des endroits à un temps de fossilisation massive de matière organique donnant ici où là des roches mères d’intérêt pétrolier. Si, en termes de fluctuation du niveau eustatique, ces évènements sont souvent situés dans une zone d’inondation maximale de 2ème ordre, ils sont aussi interprétés comme une perturbation globale du cycle du carbone avec acidification des océans, liée à la mise en place des provinces ignées du Karroo-Ferrar en Afrique du Sud et en Amérique du Sud, contrées jointives à ce moment-là. Il s’agit d’une période de réchauffement global faisant suite à une période particulièrement froide au Pliensbachien. Cette perturbation écologique globale a certainement affecté la biosphère dans une mesure qui reste aujourd’hui très mal connue. Nous connaissons des études par exemple sur des ammonites ou des bivalves dont la définition stratigraphique permet rarement de distinguer l’impact du passage de la limite entre les deux étages du passage au Toarcien inférieur de la TOAE et la seule étude disponible sur les coraux est une étude purement bibliographique (Lathuilière et Marchal 2009) qui laisse supposer une extinction significative sur la même période. Les coraux sont très généralement des marqueurs particulièrement précieux des perturbations écologiques majeures comme on peut le voir pour les cinq grandes extinctions et même pour la sixième extinction en cours. Cette extinction au Pliensbachien-Toarcien pour l’instant considérée de second ordre mérite donc d’être analysée de ce point de vue. Dans le cadre de cette thèse, des collectes de coraux ont été effectuées sur le terrain au Maroc et en Italie dans un contexte sédimentologique défini de part et d’autre de la limite Pliensbachien - Toarcien. Les prélèvements ont été réalisés de façon à pouvoir évaluer la diversité ainsi que, dans la mesure du possible, la variabilité intraspécifique. Le traitement statistique des données a été réalisé dans le souci d’assurer une bonne connaissance de la variabilité pour fournir une taxinomie fiable dans l’optique de comparer des populations comparables en termes d’analyse de la diversité, des extinctions et des apparitions de taxons. Au total, 107 espèces ont été décrites (dont au moins 19 nouvelles espèces) réparties parmi 60 genres (dont 5 nouveaux) dans au moins 22 familles (dont 1 nouvelle). Cette étude nous révèle pour les eaux froides et chargées en matière organique du Pliensbachien des assemblages de coraux présentant une grande part d’affinité avec les faunes du Trias (en termes de genres et familles). Ils partagent une partie de leurs niches écologiques sur les plateformes internes de l’ouest téthysien avec des bivalves constructeurs de récifs connaissant alors un succès évolutif fulgurant : les lithiotidés. Les données récoltées témoignent de conditions ayant contraint les coraux à s’adapter et à se diversifier pour se maintenir lors de cette période peu propice, au profit des formes solitaires et phacéloïdes et au détriment des formes de plus hauts niveaux d’intégration. Au Toarcien inférieur, le réchauffement global des eaux couplé à la disparition quasi-totale des concurrents des coraux a permis une explosion de diversité déterminante pour l’avenir de ce groupe avec la mise en place de faunes d’assemblages très similaires à celles du Jurassique moyen et supérieur (en terme de genres, familles et morphologies coloniales). Il s’agit d’un évènement d’extinction biphasé dont la première phase se produit au passage entre Pliensbachien et Toarcien, la seconde phase correspondant au passage du TOAE. L’évènement pris dans son ensemble amène à l’extinction de près de 97% des espèces de coraux présentes au Pliensbachien / The transition from the Pliensbachian to the Toarcian geological stages in Lower Jurassic is followed by a global oceanic anoxic event during the lower Toarcian (TOAE for Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event). This moment corresponds to a massive fossilization time for organic matter in the worldwide geological record that produced here and there source rocks of petroleum interest. Concerning the eustatic fluctuations, these events are associated to a second-order maximal flooding zone. They are also interpreted as the remains of a global carbon-cycle perturbation case associated with oceanic acidification and correlated with the setup of Karoo-Ferrar igneous provinces in the southern Pangea territories corresponding to present-day Southern Africa and Southern America. It corresponds to a period of global warming that directly follow a global cooling at the Pliensbachian. This worldwide ecological perturbation probably disturbed the biosphere in a degree that is still poorly quantified. For example, studies about ammonites and bivalvs are known but the stratigraphic definition generally do not allow to distinguish the Pliensbachian-Toarcian boundary itself to the TOAE effect on these fauna. One single available study about corals is purely bibliographic (Lathuiliere and Marchal 2009) and suggests a significant extinction event for this group at the same period. Corals are generally precious indicators for major ecological disruptions as it is testified in the case of the big-five major crisis and the current sixth one. The Pliensbachian-Toarcian extinction has been considered up-to-now as a second-order crisis event and require to be studied as such. In the context of this thesis, fossilized corals have been collected in the field in Morocco and Italy in a well-defined sedimentological context before and after the Pliensbachian-Toarcian boundary. Sampling has been in view to quantify the diversity and as far as possible, the intraspecific variability. The statistical treatment of the data has been realized in view to provide a satisfying quantification of the variability in order to supply a strong taxonomy and be able to compare comparable populations in analyses of diversity, extinctions and apparitions of taxons. In total, 107 species have been describes (including at least 19 new species) as part of 60 genera (including 5 new ones) among 22 families (including a new one). According to this study, the cold and highly concentrated in organic matter oceanic waters of the Pliensbachian contained corals faunas with an important affinity with Triassic faunas (in terms of genera and families). They shared the ecological niches of the western tethysian inner platforms with the lithiotids, a group of aberrants reefal bivalvs that demonstrated a stupendous evolutive success during the same period. Collected data attest of conditions that constrained corals to adapt and diversify in view to maintain during these unfavourable times, for the benefit of the solitary and phaceloid form but at the expense of the highly integrated forms. During the Lower Toarcian, global warming of oceanic waters associated with the almost total disparition of the competitors premised an explosion of diversity that is determinant for the future of the corals, with the apparition of faunal assemblages very similar to the typical Middle and Upper Jurassic ones (in terms of genera, families and colonial morphologies). It is a two-folded extinction event with a first phase during the Pliensbachian –Toarcian transition and a second phase at the onset of the TOAE. In the end, this pulsed event led to the extinction of approximately 97% of the Pliensbachian coral species

Submitted by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2017-07-03T21:43:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 AnaCarolinaMartinLopesDissertacao2016.pdf: 3391544 bytes, checksum: c183157a8ebb930600331048fc76b531 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2017-07-03T21:45:45Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 AnaCarolinaMartinLopesDissertacao2016.pdf: 3391544 bytes, checksum: c183157a8ebb930600331048fc76b531 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-03T21:45:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AnaCarolinaMartinLopesDissertacao2016.pdf: 3391544 bytes, checksum: c183157a8ebb930600331048fc76b531 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-15 / UCB / The migration dynamics in Brasilia has shown a decrease over the years, however, data point to a population of 53% of people who come from other states, seeking, for the most part, better living through work. Currently the most attractive areas the one that encompasses business activities and the civil service, offered by different spheres of the government sector. The migrant profile that demand Brasilia as the destination has been changing gradually, with an increase in age of those people who usually move with their families. Weint end this study to know aspects of the relationship of couples and families who migrate to Brasilia because of appro valor transfer of a spouse in an open competition, identifying the changes that migration causes in marital and family relationships, identify the timing of the lifecycle What happens to move to Brasilia, the sources of support before and after migration, the strategies used by the family to deal with the possible difficulties of adaptation, as well as meet the future expectations of the family. Participated in this study three families at different stages of the lifecycle, a family with teenage son, a family with little son and a childless couple. The families residing in Brasilia, at most 5 years. It is a qualitative ere search by means of case study, using the following instruments for data collection: semi-structured interview, genogram and family ecopama. An interview with each family, recorded and transcribed was held. Data were analyzed based on the constructive-interpretative method of Gonzalez-Rey. Eight zones of meaning were built from the axis of analysis and indicators. Responding to the specific objectives of the study, it was observed that: the wives showed greater difficulty in establishing meaningful links in Brasilia situation hampered by lack of own goals in the non-domestic sphere; that they have a social network provided by the work favored men make friends and experience to adapt more effectively; the most frequent contact with family members living in the home cities is more common in the family that created less ties in the new town after the change; the lack of social support networks in Brasilia seems to overload the family system may cause difficulties in the marital relationship; the possibility of the return to origin city presents itself as a strategy to sustain the initial difficulties of migration, however, when the system is more adapted and adjusted to the new reality, no longer uses this feature with the same intensity; families that were more adapted to life in the capital and they have devised the migration process in a satisfactory manner are those who can think of a future in Brasilia, not considering returning to hometowns. This work helped in understanding the current migratory dynamics off families seeking Brasilia as a destination city. / A din??mica migrat??ria em Bras??lia vem apresentando um decr??scimo ao longo dos anos, no entanto, dados apontam para uma popula????o de 53% de pessoas que vem de outros Estados, buscando, em sua grande maioria, melhores condi????es de vida atrav??s do trabalho. Atualmente, a ??rea mais atrativa ?? a que engloba atividades comerciais e o funcionalismo p??blico, oferecidos por diferentes esferas do setor governamental. O perfil do migrante que procura Bras??lia como destino vem se alterando gradativamente, havendo um aumento na idade dessas pessoas que, normalmente, mudam-se com as fam??lias. Pretendeu-se neste estudo conhecer aspectos da rela????o de casais e fam??lias que migram para Bras??lia por motivo de aprova????o ou transfer??ncia de um dos c??njuges em concurso p??blico, identificando as mudan??as que a migra????o provoca nas rela????es conjugais e familiares, o momento do ciclo de vida em que acontece a mudan??a para Bras??lia, as fontes de apoio antes e ap??s a migra????o, as estrat??gias utilizadas pela fam??lia para lidar com as poss??veis dificuldades na adapta????o, al??m de conhecer as expectativas futuras da fam??lia. Participaram deste estudo tr??s fam??lias em diferentes est??gios do ciclo de vida, uma fam??lia com filho adolescente, uma fam??lia com filho pequeno e um casal sem filhos. As fam??lias residem em Bras??lia h??, no m??ximo, 5 anos. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa realizada por meio de estudo de caso, com a utiliza????o dos seguintes instrumentos para a coleta de dados: roteiro de entrevista semi-estruturado, genograma familiar e ecopama. Foi realizada uma entrevista com cada fam??lia, gravada e transcrita. Os dados foram analisados com base no m??todo construtivo-interpretativo de Gonz??les-Rey. Foram constru??das oito zonas de sentido a partir dos eixos de an??lise e indicadores. Respondendo aos objetivos espec??ficos do estudo, foi poss??vel observar que: as esposas demonstraram maior dificuldade em estabelecer v??nculos significativos em Bras??lia, situa????o dificultada pela falta de objetivos pr??prios no ??mbito n??o dom??stico; o fato de terem uma rede social proporcionada pelo trabalho favoreceu aos homens criar amizades e vivenciar a adapta????o de forma mais efetiva; o contato mais frequente com os familiares que moram nas cidades de origem ?? mais comum na fam??lia que criou menos la??os na nova cidade ap??s a mudan??a; a falta de redes sociais de apoio em Bras??lia parece sobrecarregar o sistema familiar podendo ocasionar dificuldades na rela????o conjugal; a possibilidade do retorno ?? cidade de origem apresenta-se como uma estrat??gia para sustentar as dificuldades iniciais da migra????o, no entanto, quando o sistema se encontra mais adaptado e ajustado ?? nova realidade, n??o utiliza mais esse recurso com a mesma intensidade; as fam??lias que se mostraram mais adaptadas ?? vida na Capital e que conseguiram elaborar o processo migrat??rio de maneira satisfat??ria, s??o aquelas que conseguem pensar em um futuro em Bras??lia, n??o considerando voltar ??s cidades de origem. Esse trabalho auxiliou na compreens??o da din??mica migrat??ria atual das fam??lias que buscam Bras??lia como cidade de destino.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-02-22T23:41:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DanycellePereiraDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 3771172 bytes, checksum: 3d46c3231760c4cee9dfb1bdefd65962 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-02-26T20:03:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DanycellePereiraDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 3771172 bytes, checksum: 3d46c3231760c4cee9dfb1bdefd65962 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-26T20:03:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DanycellePereiraDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 3771172 bytes, checksum: 3d46c3231760c4cee9dfb1bdefd65962 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-09-24 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / A hist?ria da expans?o colonial nos sert?es do Serid? no s?culo XVIII e a fixa??o dos primeiros povoadores em torno das fazendas de gado e, mais tarde, da cultura do algod?o, ocultou a presen?a afrodescendente. Por outro lado, a escravid?o ? vista como ?branda? e como um fen?meno secund?rio pelo fato de ter um reduzido n?mero de escravos em rela??o ao litoral a?ucareiro. Por?m, n?o se podem minimizar as marcas que deixaram mais de tr?s s?culos de domina??o colonial, pois a viol?ncia simb?lica ainda persiste. Este trabalho tem como objetivo refletir sobre as causas e as consequ?ncias do silenciamento da presen?a afro-brasileira e da invisibiliza??o dos n?cleos familiares no munic?pio de Acari. Atrav?s das mem?rias das fam?lias Nunes, In?cio e Pereira, antigas moradoras do Saco dos Pereira, e das fam?lias Pedros, Paulas, Higinos e F?lix, antigos moradores das fazendas da regi?o, pretende-se refletir sobre as atividades de sobreviv?ncia, as rela??es de trabalho, a propriedade da terra e os esbulhos ocorridos nos s?culos XIX-XX, bem como mostrar a import?ncia das tradi??es familiares na elabora??o dos discursos sobre o passado e das identidades diferenciadas. A metodologia utilizada durante a pesquisa teve como foco as entrevistas que contemplam as hist?rias de vida e as mem?rias dos nossos interlocutores, em particular os afrodescendentes. Os relatos colocam uma luz sobre as viv?ncias no per?odo algodoeiro, os of?cios realizados na fazenda (vaqueiro, lou?a, bordado, culin?ria) e mostram a import?ncia das fam?lias negras para entender o cen?rio Acariense. Tamb?m, fotos e documentos cartoriais foram coletados para melhor compor as hist?rias de vidas. O estudo revela a presen?a de muitas fam?lias negras agregadas ?s fazendas e mostra que existe outra vers?o da hist?ria local, tendo como protagonistas ?queles cuja mem?ria foi silenciada e que ficaram marcados pelo estigma da escravid?o. / La historia de la expansi?n colonial en los sert?nes del Serid? del siglo XVIII y el asentamiento de los primeros pobladores alrededor de las haciendas de ganado y m?s tarde de la cultura de algod?n, oculto la presencia afrodescendiente que ya regia esa vasta regi?n. Por otro lado, la esclavitud se observaba como un fen?meno de segunda prioridad y leve, por el hecho de tener un n?mero de esclavos muy reducido en relaci?n al litoral azucarero; sin embargo no se puede minimizar las marcas que dejaron m?s de tres siglos de dominaci?n colonial, pues la violencia simb?lica en su descripci?n aun existe. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo reflexionar sobre las causas y consecuencias de la extinci?n precoz de la presencia afro-brasile?a y de la invisibilidad de los n?cleos familiares en el municipio de Acari. A trav?s de las memorias de las familias Nunes, In?cio y Pereira, antiguos moradores del Saco de los Pereira y de las familias Pedros, Paula, Higinos y F?lix outroras moradores de las haciendas de la regi?n, pretendemos reflexionar sobre las actividades de sobrevivencia, las relaciones de trabajo, la propiedad de la tierra y los robos ocurridos en los siglos XIX ? XX, as? como mostrar la importancia de las tradiciones familiares en la elaboraci?n de los discursos sobre el pasado y de las variadas identidades. La metodolog?a utilizada durante la investigaci?n, mantuvo como foco las entrevistas que contemplan historias de la vida y las memorias de nuestros interlocutores, en particular los afrodescendientes. Los relatos colocan una luz sobre las vivencias en el per?odo algodonero, los oficios realizados en las haciendas (vaquero, bordado, culinaria, losa) donde se muestra la importancia de las familias negras para entender el escenario Acarienses. Tambi?n fotos y documentos cartori?les que ayudaron a componer las historias de vida. El estudio revela la presencia de muchas familias negras vinculadas a las haciendas, demostrando que existe otra versi?n de la historia local, teniendo como protagonistas aquellos cuya memoria fue silenciada y quedando as? marcados por el estigma de la esclavitud.