The objective of this research, conducted between November 1972 and March 1974, was to determine the effects of pollution on the benthic macroinvertebrates of Big Lick Creek. Big Lick Creek, a tributary of the Mississinewa River, is located in east central Indiana and has a permanent length of about 32.2 km. Sewage and industrial waste from the cities of Dunkirk and Hartford City are discharged into this stream.The composition and distribution of macroinvertebrate populations, collected with artificial substrate samplers, were used to determine the extent of stream pollution. Samplers consisted of cylindrical barbecue baskets (28 x 18 cm) filled with 12 concrete spheres 7.5 cm in diameter. Samplers anchored to the stream bed at five locations bracketed major sources of pollution. Chemical and physical determinations were performed to provide a general background for existing biological conditions.Significant chemical and bacteriological conditions encountered in the stream below the sewage effluents of Dunkirk and Hartford City, Indiana were as follow: (1) dissolved oxygen minima of 2 ppm or less; (2) free carbon dioxide maxima in excess of 60 ppm; (3) increases in nutrients such as the various forms of nitrogen and phosphate; and (4) drastic increases in fecal coliform densities.Twenty-six species of benthic macroinvertebrates were collected during the study with marked reductions in the number of species occurring below the effluents of Dunkirk and Hartford City. The average number of species occurring below these polluting effluents was 10.5 as compared to 22 farther downstream in recovery zones.Limiting and selective effects of organic pollution were indicated by the composition of the benthic community at each station. Tubificids, tolerant of excessive organic pollution and associated low dissolved oxygen levels, constituted more than 99 per cent of the benthic communities sampled below Dunkirk and Hartford City. Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, L. udekemianus, and Tubifex tubifex were the dominant species. A maximum tubificid density of 13,050/m2 was obtained below Hartford City.Samples taken from a recovery zone 14.8 km downstream from Dunkirk and a corresponding zone 10.1 km below Hartford City showed more diverse fauna. In the recovery zone below Dunkirk, species other than tubificid represented 17 per cent of the total number of invertebrates collected. In the analogous zone below Hartford City, these species constituted 89 per cent of the total taken. Chironomid larvae comprised 13 per cent of the total obtained in the recovery zone downstream from Dunkirk, and 89 per cent in the similar zone below Hartford City. Chironomus was the dominant chironomid genus.All species collected, in numbers sufficient to be considered, were members of an indicator association (Gaufin 1958) characteristic of organically enriched environments. According to the pollution classification system of Goodnight and Whitley (1961), Stations 1 through 4 were heavily polluted and Station 5 was in good condition.

During the nineteenth century, Indiana was home to nearly two dozen agricultural communities comprised of primarily African American residents. These short lived communities represented one of the few contexts in which both African American and non-African American groups lived and worked together within a viable rural community. By analyzing one such settlement, this study presents a basis for comparative functional analysis at the household level through the use of pattern identification of material culture. This study utilized both probate inventory assessments of the period and archeological material within the same classification scheme. Advantages and disadvantages of both data sources are also presented. While the data between the two groups showed little differentiation concerning household material composition, slight differences, particularly at the class level, was evident. These differences may have been based in socio-economic concerns or may have exhibited active consumer choice, reflecting minute aspects of cultural identity. / Department of Anthropology

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The target of the first part of this diploma thesis is focused on the problems relating to the sludge production from the wastewater treatment plant and subsequent sludge treatment. In this thesis complete process of the wastewater treatment is described. Predominantingly is described the process in digestion tanks, therefore stabilization process, whereas the paper is focused on sludge pre-treatment (disintegration) of waste activated sludge before stabilization. The second part of this thesis is focused on the design of the disintegration unit for the wastewater treatment sludge in assist with experimental data. According to measured and fixed parameters the unfired pressure vessel has been designed. On the vessel has been further realized the strength calculation, the heat balance and the economic balance.

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In this thesis I explore the ways in which my artistic, political, and personal values led me to propose Naomi Wallace’s THE TRESTLE AT POPE LICK CREEK as my thesis in order to both reflect and enact what I believe in and also to respond to the dearth of those principles within the Theater Department. I address how those same ethics subsequently informed every facet of my direction of and programming around the play. Through the dual lenses of activating my values and my technical growth as a director, I analyze the “what” and “how” of my work on TRESTLE, the “what” being the artistic substance of what I was aiming to create and the “how” being my methods of engaging in the work. Ultimately, I assess the major takeaways from my experiences in Temple’s MFA program in Theater Directing overall, highlighting the major lessons I will take with me into my career. / Theater

京都大学 / 新制・論文博士 / 博士(理学) / 乙第13577号 / 論理博第1579号 / 新制||理||1713(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院理学研究科生物科学専攻（霊長類学・野生動物系） / (主査)教授 松田 一希, 教授 平田 聡, 准教授 杉浦 秀樹 / 学位規則第4条第2項該当 / Doctor of Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

本研究探討舔飲蔗糖液之成本利益情境中，多巴胺受體拮抗劑對舔飲行為配置的影響，以釐清阻斷多巴胺使行為受損的條件與所代表之意義。實驗設計為「高位置高濃度糖液＋低位置低濃度糖液」雙管情境中的舔飲行為，實驗一確立高、低位置分別代表高、低成本後，實驗二至實驗七調整糖液濃度、裝盛容器與舔飲經驗，發現唯有「高位置籠外水管20％糖液＋低位置伸入式水瓶15％糖液」且增加單獨對低瓶的舔飲經驗，方能建立多巴胺受體拮抗劑的「此降彼升」動物模式。實驗八確認「此降彼升」的三要件為低位置是（1）低成本：伸入式容器、（2）高利益：15％糖液、（3）充足經驗：9天舔飲低瓶。實驗九至十一的藥物測試得到前述動物模式可有效區別多巴胺受體拮抗劑、降低食量藥物與干擾動作藥物有不同影響型態。實驗十二發現單管情境與雙管情境的結果有很高的一致性。結論為（1）較低劑量的多巴胺受體拮抗劑並不減少大白鼠對糖液的總需求、不干擾兩者行為間的區辨選擇與轉換能力，（2）舔飲行為不受多巴胺受體拮抗劑干擾的要件為低成本、高利益與充足經驗三者需同時成立，（3）不符三要件之舔飲行為會因多巴胺受體拮抗劑而降低表現量，因此反駁過去認為完結行為不受此類藥物干擾的想法，（4）本研究建立的雙管舔飲情境可有效區分不同藥物作用，值得做為進一步探討多巴胺與行為之間的關係及其神經機制的動物模式。 / This study investigated the effect of dopamine antagonist on licking sucrose solution behavior under cost-benefit condition, which was designed into a 'high-cost high-benefit with low-cost low-benefit' licking test situation. Experiment 1 confirmed that the difference of licking response between high and low positions indicating the cost difference. Experiment 2 to Experiment 7, manipulating the liquid container, sucrose concentration and the experience of licking low position solution, found that rats only increased low position sucrose intake while decreased high position one in 'high tube 20% with low bottle 15% sucrose solution' condition. Experiment 8 further confirmed three factors of low cost, high benefit and plenty experience were necessary for increasing intake of low position in simultaneous contrast to decreasing the intake of high position. Experiment 9 to Experiment 11 evaluated the drug effects of dopamine antagonists, anorectics and motor relaxants on the present animal model. The results showed the different patterns of reaction for these three types of drugs. Experiment 12 revealed the results of single tube condition were consistent with those of cost-benefit condition. Together, these results demonstrated that dopamine antagonist neither decrease the drive for sucrose nor disrupt the abilities to discriminate and select between two tubes under the present model. Three factors of cost, benefit and experience are important to determine dopamine antagonist effect. Therefore, the resistance of consummatory behavior to dopamine dysfunction may be limited for specific situation. And, the cost-benefit licking model can be useful for further investigation of neurobehavioral mechanism of dopamine system.