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Articaine versus lidocaine for a primary intraseptal injection.Pandrangi, Tera 14 October 2015 (has links)
No description available.
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Preliminary Comparison of Missed Blocks with 4% Articaine and 2% Lidocaine both with 1:100,000 epinephrine on Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block InjectionsGlosenger, Jeremiah J. 22 July 2011 (has links)
No description available.
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Anesthetic Efficacy Of Buffered Lidocaine For Incision And Drainage In Symptomatic Patients With Clinical SwellingBalasco, Matthew B. 29 August 2012 (has links)
No description available.
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Topical ropivacaine hydrochloride 0.5% and lidocaine hydrochloride 2% significantly reduce corneal sensitivity without short-term negative side effects in horsesMinaldi, Michael 10 May 2024 (has links) (PDF)
Local anesthesia is critical for performing corneal procedures in horses. Studying non- ophthalmic local anesthetics for corneal use is necessary because the efficacy and availability of ophthalmic preparations may be limited. This study aimed to evaluate the effects and potential adverse consequences of ropivacaine hydrochloride 0.5% and lidocaine hydrochloride 2% when applied topically to the corneas of eight healthy equids compared to an eyewash control. Data collection occurred over one week. Corneal touch threshold (CTT) was assessed via Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometry before and at pre-determined times after medication application. Ocular toxicity was assessed immediately following each trial and prior to the second trial using the semiquantitative preclinical ocular toxicity system (SPOTS). Ropivacaine and lidocaine significantly reduced CTT from baseline values. However, mean CTT and time to maximum anesthesia were not significantly different between drugs. No local side effects were seen. Ropivacaine and lidocaine could be used topically to reduce corneal sensitivity.
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Human Nav1.5 F1486 deletion associated with long-QT syndrome leads to deficiency in inactivation and reduces lidocaine sensitivitySong, Weihua 19 March 2012 (has links)
Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / The cardiac voltage-gated sodium channel α subunit Nav1.5 generates the cardiac sodium current, which is essential for the initiation and propagation of the cardiac action potentials. Mutations of SCN5A, the gene that encodes Nav1.5, have been well documented to cause long-QT syndrome (LQTs) by disrupting channel inactivation and increasing late sodium current. Previous studies have revealed the importance of the intracellular loop region between transmembrane domain III and IV of sodium channel α subunit in regulating the fast inactivation. A recent clinical case study reported an infant patient with LQTs carrying a phenylalanine (F) deletion at amino acid 1486 of the Nav1.5 channel. This study reported that the patient showed severe cardiac arrhythmia reflected as LQTs and subsequent ventricular tachycardia, which was refractory to antiarrhythmic drug lidocaine treatment. Therefore, it was hypothesized that the deletion of F1486 on Nav1.5 would substantially alter electrophysiological properties of the channel and reduce the potency of lidocaine on sodium channel. Using HEK293 cells and neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, the F1486del channel was functionally characterized by whole-cell patch clamp techniques. Studies revealed that the deletion of F1486 causes a combination of changes including a loss-of-function alteration reflected as a substantial reduction of peak current density and a number of gain-of-function alterations including reduced channel inactivation, substantial augmentation of late sodium current, and an increase in ramp current. In addition, lidocaine sensitivity was dramatically reduced. By contrast, the voltage for half maximal activation (V1/2) and the time constant for channel deactivation for the F1486del channel were identical to the wild type channels. Using neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, we were able to study the functional consequence of F1484del on action potential duration (APD). Cardiomyocytes expressing F1486del channel have substantial APD prolongation and prominent spontaneous early afterdepolarizations, which likely underlie the subsequent LQTs in the patient. Taken together, despite the reduction in peak current density, the substantial gain-of-function changes are sufficient to cause the APD prolongation, which is a prominent characteristic of LQTs. These findings provide knowledge for understanding the relationships between sodium channel structure, pharmacology and the physiological consequence of sodium channel mutations that underlie LQT3.
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Anesthetic Efficacy Of 4% Prilocaine Plus 2% Lidocaine With 1:100,000 Epinephrine For Inferior Alveolar Nerve BlocksCook, Olivia B., DMD 27 October 2017 (has links)
No description available.
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The disposition of lidocaine during a 6-hour intravenous infusion to young foalsOhmes, Cameon January 1900 (has links)
Master of Science / Department of Clinical Sciences / Elizabeth Davis / Differences in pharmacokinetics and drug disposition exist between young and adult animals which become especially important for drugs with a narrow therapeutic index. While the pharmacokinetics and plasma concentrations of intravenous lidocaine have been studied in adult horses, determination of the disposition in foals is necessary before appropriate clinical use can be determined. This study examined the disposition of intravenous lidocaine in healthy (phase I) and hospitalized (phase II) foals. Phase I consisted of 6 healthy 4-10 week old foals administered a 6-hour intravenous lidocaine infusion. Phase II consisted of 8 hospitalized foals (2-136 days old) administered intravenous lidocaine. A bolus (1.3 mg/kg) of lidocaine was administered intravenously to all foals followed by a 50 µg/kg/min infusion. Plasma lidocaine and monoethylglycinexylidide (MEGX) concentrations were determined. In phase I, plasma lidocaine concentrations remained below the suggested adult target range of 1-2 µg/mL with MEGX concentrations approximately half that of the parent drug. Total body clearance of lidocaine was 72.2 ± 7.8 mL/min/kg, elimination half-life (t₁/₂) was 26.3 ± 3.7 min, peak concentration (C[subscript]m[subscript]a[subscript]x) was 0.79 ± 0.07 µg/mL, and the volume of distribution (V[subscript]d) was 1.8 ± 0.4 L/kg. The C[subscript]m[subscript]a[subscript]x for MEGX was 0.36 ± 0.11 µg/mL, t₁/₂ was 60 ± 6 min and time to peak concentration (T[subscript]m[subscript]a[subscript]x) was 279.6 ± 90.3 min. In phase II, the severely compromised foals that were eventually euthanized had the largest fluctuations in plasma lidocaine and MEGX concentrations; foals that were discharged from the hospital had plasma concentrations below the target adult range similar to foals in phase I. In conclusion, despite low plasma lidocaine concentrations, the clinical benefits observed in foals may be due to the presence of metabolites. Further research in a larger population of unhealthy foals is required before comprehensive dosing recommendations can be made.
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THE EVALUATION OF PAIN EXPERIENCED BY CHILDREN UNDERGOING SIMPLE EXTRACTION USING 2% LIDOCAINE VERSUS ORAQIX TOPICAL ANESTHETIC GELHaffner, John 28 April 2009 (has links)
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the pain response experienced by children undergoing simple tooth extractions using 2% Lidocaine injection versus Oraqix topical anesthetic gel. Methods: This study is being conducted at VCU pediatric dentistry clinic. The sample size will consist of 15 children ages 7-12 undergoing a simple extraction procedure. Each participant is randomly assigned to one of two groups, the lidocaine injection group or the Oraqix topical group. The pain level will be measured at four key events during the procedure. The first event will evaluate the pain at baseline. The second event will measure pain during the anesthetic injection or Oraqix topical gel application. The third event will record the response after the tooth has been extracted and the final event will evaluate pain five minutes post operatively. The children are asked to rate their pain using the Facial Pain Scale after all four events. The dentist and an independent observer watching a video of the extraction will also examine and rate the pain responses of each child at each of the four events. Results: The first two participants received lidocaine injection and experienced some pain upon injection. This pain was supported by what the dentist rated as well. One child felt pain on extraction and the other felt nothing. The dentist rated both children as feeling pain. The Oraqix child felt nothing upon application but felt pain during the extraction and post-operatively. The dentist rated the child as feeling nothing during the entire procedure. Conclusions: It appears that the lidocaine injection group’s pain rating matches the pain rating given by the dentist. The Oraqix patient experienced no pain upon application, but did feel pain upon extraction and five minutes post-op. The dentist’s rating contradicted this by rating the child as feeling no pain through the entire procedure. This study is limited by the number of participants and needs more patients to further evaluate other children’s pain responses.
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Anestesia loco-regional para tratamento odontológico em pacientes cardiopatas: estudo comparativo entre lidocaína 2% sem adrenalina e lidocaína 2% com adrenalina 1:100.000 / Loco-regional anesthesia for cardiac patients odontologic treatment: comparative study between plain lidocaine 2% and lidocaine 2% with epinephrine 1:100.000Laragnoit, Alessandra Batistela 29 May 2006 (has links)
Introdução: Este estudo prospectivo, randomizado, duplo-cego investigou, em valvopatas, alterações hemodinâmicas durante o tratamento odontológico com o uso do anestésico local contendo adrenalina e sem a mesma. Métodos: O estudo foi conduzido na Unidade de Odontologia do Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (Brasil 2004-2005). Os pacientes foram alocados em dois grupos através de tabela de números aleatórios: LSA (lidocaína a 2% sem adrenalina, n= 31, 42.2 ± 10.3 anos) e LCA (lidocaína a 2% com adrenalina 1:100.000, n= 28, 40.3 ± 10.9 anos). O volume anestésico foi registrado. Um monitor multiparamétrico DIXTAL (São Paulo- Brasil) registrou os valores da pressão arterial sistêmica, freqüência cardíaca, saturação de oxigênio e traçado eletrocardiográfico. Registrou-se também o volume anestésico aplicado em cada procedimento realizado. Resultados: 22 homens e 37 mulheres foram incluídos. Valores da pressão arterial sistêmica, freqüência cardíaca e saturação de oxigênio, antes, durante e após administração da anestesia local não mostraram diferenças estatísticas entre os dois grupos (P > 0.05). Arritmias observadas em alguns pacientes antes do início do tratamento odontológico não sofreram alterações de morfologia ou gravidade após injeção anestésica. Relatos de dor durante a realização do procedimento odontológico foram mais freqüentes no grupo LSA com conseqüente aumento no volume de anestésico local administrado. Conclusão: lidocaína 2% com adrenalina 1:100.000 mostrou maior eficácia anestésica em comparação com a lidocaína 2% sem adrenalina sem causar alterações hemodinâmicas em pacientes portadores de valvopatias. / Introduction: This prospective, randomized double-blinded study investigated hemodynamic changes in valvular cardiac patients during dental treatment with the use of a local anesthesia containing epinephrine. Methods: The study was conducted in the Dental Department of the Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (Brazil 2004- 2005). Patients were allocated into two groups through an aleatory numbered table: PL (plain 2% lidocaine, n= 31) and LE (2% lidocaine with 1:100.000 epinephrine, n= 28). The anesthetic amount was registered. DIXTAL monitor (São Paulo- Brazil) captured blood pressure, heart rate, oxygenation and electrocardiogram records. Results: 22 men and 37 women were included (LE age 40.3 ± 10.9 and PL age 42.2 ± 10.3). Blood pressure, heart rate and pulse oximetry values before, during and after local anesthesia injection did not show any difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). Any arrhythmias observed in some patients prior to dental anesthesia did not suffer alterations of shape or gravity after it. Complains of pain during dental procedure were more often in the PL group with a higher amount of local anesthesia needed. Conclusion: 2% lidocaine with epinephrine 1:100.000 showed a superior anesthetic efficiency without leading to hemodynamics changes in patients with cardiac valvular compromise.
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Avaliação de protocolos de esvaziamento gástrico para exame gastroscópico em equinos / Evaluation of gastric emptying protocols for gastroscopic examination in horsesAtallah, Priscila Mattar 27 July 2012 (has links)
O jejum prolongado, utilizado como preparação para a gastroscopia em equinos, não proporciona um completo esvaziamento gástrico. Para avaliar a eficácia da lavagem gástrica e de três procinéticos na preparação para o exame gastroscópico, foram utilizados seis equinos adultos, sem alterações clínicas, que passaram por quatro horas de jejum e quatro protocolos: G1- lavagem gástrica; G2- betanecol (0,04mg/kg VO); G3- metoclopramida (0,12mg/kg SC) e G4- lidocaína (1,3mg/kg IV). Após a lavagem ou administração de uma das medicações (duas horas após o betanecol ou uma hora após as demais) foi realizada a gastroscopia. As avaliações foram feitas por um profissional que conhecia o grupo experimental dos equinos (P1) e outro que desconhecia a informação (P2), sem diferença estatística entre suas avaliações. Em todos os exames foi observado conteúdo gástrico, com predominância de conteúdo líquido no G1 e de sólido a misto nos demais. Para o P1, a média de visualização da mucosa aglandular foi 95,0±0,0% no G1, 74,1±17,4% no G2, 88,3±4,0% no G3 e 90,0±6,3% no G4, com diferença estatística entre G1 e G2 e entre G2 e G4. Para a mucosa glandular, a média de visualização foi de 45,8±8,6% no G1, 29,1±10,6% no G2, 31,6±10,3% no G3 e 34,1±9,1% no G4, com diferença estatística entre G1 e G2. Na classificação geral, o melhor exame foi o do G1 e o pior o do G2. Conclui-se que a lavagem gástrica pode ser usada como preparação para o exame gastroscópico em equinos. De acordo com o protocolo testado, o betanecol é o menos indicado para esta finalidade. Embora sejam necessários mais estudos, o uso de procinéticos antes do exame gastroscópico em equinos mostra-se promissor, com resultados semelhantes aos observados com períodos de jejum mais prolongados. / Prolonged fasting in horses (12 - 24 hours), as a preparation for gastroscopy, does not permit complete gastric emptying. Six healthy adult horses were used to evaluate the efficacy of gastric lavage and the use of three prokinetics. Horses with held from feed for four hours were submitted to four protocols: G1 - gastric lavage; G2 - bethanechol (0,04mg/kg PO); G3 - metoclopramide (0,12mg/kg SC) and G4 - lidocaine (1,3mg/kg IV). Gastroscopy was performed: immediately (G1); two hours following admnistration (G2); one hour following administration (G3 and G4). To reduce bias gastric examination was conducted by two professionals: the first (P1), aware of the protocol and the second (P2) was kept blind. No significant difference was seen between them. Gastric content was predominantly liquid in G1 and solid or mixed in the other three groups. The average observation of the aglandular mucosa of P1 was: 95,0±0,0% for G1, 74,1±17,4% for G2, 88,3±4,0% for G3 and 90,0±6,3% for G4. Significant difference was observed between G1 and G2 and between G2 and G4. Observation of the glandular mucosa was: 45,8±8,6% for G1, 29,1±10,6% for G2, 31,6±10,3% for G3 and 34,1±9,1% for G4. Groups G1 and G2 were significantly different. Considering all classification criteria, G1 and G2 protocols permitted respectively the best and worst evaluations. It was concluded that gastric lavage is indicated for preparing horses for gastroscopy, the bethanechol protocol here tested is the least indicated. Although more studies are necessary, the use of prokinectics prior to gastroscopy in horses seems promising, producing results similar to those observed in long fasting periods.
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