Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2013. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis focuses on a community of multilingual adolescents who are high performers in mathematics and science, and whose primary language of teaching and learning is English. The participants who form part of the study all attend selected educational enrichment programmes in the greater Johannesburg area. The thesis is particularly interested in how students' language repertoires feature in their learning and in how their language repertoires contribute to their identity construction. This research is informed by literature which views identity not only as complex, contradictory, multivoiced and multifaceted, but also as dynamic and subject to constant renegotiation across space and time. In seeking answers to specific questions about the linguistic identities of the teenage participants in this study, this study will establish what the full linguistic repertoire of each participant is, and whether or not participants identify themselves by means of language. While there have been a number of very authoritative studies of language repertoires, many of these have focused on indigenous minorities, migrants or refugees who need to improve their life chances in a context where their L1 is not dominant. Although this study does include a number of participants originally from outside of South Africa, the majority of the participants are South Africans whose first languages are official languages. This study uses a multimodal approach in data collection and analysis in an attempt to investigate the multi-semiotic nature of the linguistic identities of the participants. Following the work of Busch (2010), I argue, that multilingualism can no longer be seen as an abstract competency, and that "language crossing", the appropriation of elements across boundaries, becomes a competency in its own right. These competencies can thus be used as a way of constructing a speaker's linguistic identity. Finally, the thesis makes a recommendation that more multimodal studies should be conducted in order to investigate the 'performativity' of 'identity construction'. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis fokus op ʼn gemeenskap van veeltalige adolessente wie toppresteerders is in wiskunde en wetenskap en vir wie Engels die primêre taal van leer en onderrig is. Die deelnemers aan die studie woon almal geselekteerde opvoedkundige verrykingsprogramme by in die groter Johannesburg area. Die tesis is spesifiek geïnteresseerd in hoe studente hul 'taal repertoires' gebruik wanneer hulle leer en hoe dit moontlik bydra tot die konstruering van hul identiteite. Die studie gebruik as uitgangspunt literatuur wat 'identiteit' as kompleks, teenstellend, veelstemmig en dinamies beskou. Verder word 'identiteit' ook beskou as onderworpe aan konstante heronderhandeling in elke spesifieke situasie en konteks. Die studie probeer vasstel wat die volle 'taalrepertoire' van elke deelnemer is en of die deelnemers hulself d.m.v. taal identifiseer. Hoewel daar verskeie belangrike studies oor taal repertoires bestaan fokus baie van hierdie studies op inheemse minderhede, migrante of vlugtelinge wie hul lewenskanse moet verbeter in ʼn konteks waarin hulle eerstetaal (T1) nie dominant is nie. Alhoewel hierdie studie ʼn aantal deelnemers insluit wat oorspronklik van buite Suid-Afrika afkomstig is, is die meerderheid van die deelnemers aan die studie Suid-Afrikaners wie se eerstetale, amptelike tale is. Die studie gebruik ʼn multimodale manier van data insameling en analise in ʼn poging om die multisemiotiese aspekte van die 'taalidentiteite' van die deelnemers te ondersoek. In ooreenstemming met Busch (2010) stel ek voor dat veeltaligheid nie langer gesien kan word as ʼn abstrakte vermoë nie maar dat ander praktyke soos 'taal oorkruissing', die gebruik van elemente oor taalgrense, ʼn vaardigheid in eie reg is. Hierdie soorte vaardighede kan dus ook gebruik word om die 'taalidentiteit' van ʼn spreker te konstrueer. Laastens word die aanbeveling gemaak dat meer multimodale studies gebruik moet word om die 'performatiwiteit' (performativity) van identiteitskonstruksie te ondersoek.

Submitted by Maike Costa (maiksebas@gmail.com) on 2017-04-17T14:03:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivo total.pdf: 1668693 bytes, checksum: b12d7f726c3a21e6f21e0f290a448140 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-17T14:03:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivo total.pdf: 1668693 bytes, checksum: b12d7f726c3a21e6f21e0f290a448140 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The language, taken as social practice, is of great importance in the formation of subjectivities and relations types of individuals in different social spheres, in the relationship between the I and the other. The discursividades crossing the oral or written text represent the subject and are linked to economic factors, geographic, social and cultural rights, the language establishes discursively truths games (FOUCAULT, 2004) in which power relations are defining. The research proposal brings as theme the power relations and identities of the students, from the use of linguistic resources, considered as linguistic variants, in the school context. The locus of the research is a municipal public school, located in the city of Aliança/PE. Outlines as main objective: analyze how discursive practices produced and circulating, in this context, build educational directions pointing as if constitute identitariamente individuals before the use of linguistic variations. The research will dovetail theorizing foucaultianas about the power relations and conceptions of French discourse analysis (AD), such discourse and interdiscourse, still finds contributions of scholars of the language phenomena, in particular the linguistic variation. Qualitative in nature and interpretativista, adopted methodological procedures as: wheel of conversation and quizzes. Present, too, some of the actions that make up the proposal and its possible consequences: critical citizens, contribution of teaching-learning interface of Portuguese language and linguistic diversity from Brazil and the improvement of communicative competence of students. / A linguagem, tomada como prática social, se reveste de grande relevância na constituição de tipos de subjetividades e nas relações dos indivíduos em diferentes esferas sociais, na relação o eu e o outro. As discursividades que atravessam o texto oral ou escrito representam os sujeitos e estão atreladas a fatores econômicos, geográficos, sociais e culturais, a linguagem institui discursivamente jogos de verdades (FOUCAULT, 2004) em que as relações de poder são definidoras. A proposta de investigação traz como temática as relações de poder e a constituição de identidades dos discentes, a partir da utilização de recursos linguísticos, considerados como variantes linguísticas, no contexto escolar. O lócus da pesquisa é uma escola pública municipal, situada na zona urbana da cidade de Aliança/PE. Delineia-se como principal objetivo deste trabalho: analisar de que forma as práticas discursivas produzidas e circulantes, nesse contexto educacional, constroem sentidos que apontam como se constituem identitariamente os indivíduos ante o uso de variações linguísticas. A pesquisa articula teorizações foucaultianas acerca das relações de poder e de concepções da análise de discurso francesa (AD), tais como discurso e interdiscurso, ainda encontra aportes nas contribuições de estudiosos de fenômenos da linguagem, em especial a variação linguística. De natureza qualitativa e interpretativista, adotam-se procedimentos metodológicos como: roda de conversa e questionários. Apresentam-se, também, algumas das ações que compõem a proposta de intervenção e seus possíveis desdobramentos: formação de cidadãos críticos, contribuição na relação ensino-aprendizagem de língua portuguesa acerca da diversidade linguística existente no Brasil e o aprimoramento das competências comunicativas dos alunos.

Linguistic identities and ideologies of Irish and Ulster-Scots speakers in Northern Ireland (NI) and the Republic of Ireland (ROI) are examined through a focus on rampant sectarianism during the violent 30 years known as “The Troubles”. Seven historical events are reviewed such as the 1798 Ulster Rebellion, the Great Irish Famine, the failed Easter Rising of 1916 and the political ideology of Orangeism in the geopolitical landscape of NI. John Hewitt’s The Rhyming Weavers (1974) and Feargal Mac Ionnrachtaigh’s work, Language, Resistance, and Revival: Republican Prisoners and the Irish Language in the North of Ireland (2013) represent the development of resistant and covert identities through Irish and Ulster-Scots language “code” and the creation of prison Gaeltachts with fáinnes as symbols of pride and connectivity. The Ulster Weaver Poets affirmed that “death would be welcome” opposed to a life on the weaving loom under British imperialistic rule while the Republican Irish prisoners “preferred to face death rather than be classed as criminals'' by the British hierarchy (Coogan 1980, 159; Mac Ionnrachtaigh 2013, 134). Brian Friel’s Translations (1980), Hugo Hamilton’s The Speckled People (2003), and Ciarán Collins’ The Gamal (2013) highlight unexpected and disheartening consequences of identity loss and entrapment for characters in ROI as Irish discourse usage is a barrier to fulfillment as well as viewed as violent and dangerous. Commonality in narrative expression is the preoccupation with self-sacrifice, martyrship, and death to reinforce the “authentic” citizen true to Ireland’s future. Newspaper articles, editorial comments, and personal opinion narratives from seven news publications from NI and the ROI are discussed. Whom the languages actually “belong” to— political parties such as Sinn Féin or community members is difficult because roles are intricately interwoven. The Troubles and Brexit have emphasized the hybridity of identities of Britishness and Irishness and subsequent linguistic choices and realities for all citizens of Ireland. All narratives firmly establish that understanding the languages as a form of linguistic resistance to a silencing of a traumatic past, regardless of political positioning or linguistic ideology, are foundational in solutions for the future survival and maintenance of these languages, not to mention social, cultural, and personal healing.

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