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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Liquid-Phase Oxidation of Para-Cymene: Nature of Intermediate Hydroperoxides and Relative Activity of the Alkyl Groups

Serif, George 05 1900 (has links)
Using photochemical and emulsion pro­cedures, a study has been made of the liquid-phase oxida­tion of p-cymene with respect to the nature of the result­ing hydroperoxides and their decomposition products, and the relative extent of oxidative attack at the methyl and iso­propyl groups. Hydroperoxide decomposition was negligible in the photochemical oxidations at 60C, and the product was shown to consist of 20% primary and 80% tertiary hydroper­oxide by reduction of the total product and fractionation of the resulting alcohols. The following compounds were shown to be present in the emulsion oxidation product in addition to the above mentioned hydroperoxides: dimethyl-p-tolylcarbinol, p-methylacetophenone, p-isopropylphenylcarbinol, cumic acid, p-acetobenzoic acid, p-A-hydroperoxyisopropyl, benzoic acid, and p-(I-hydroxyisopropyl) benzoic acid. By chromatographic separation of the acids and reduction of the other products, the relative extent of attack at the two positions was shown to be 1:4, identical with that of the photochemical oxidation. Pure tertiary hydroperoxide has been obtained for the first time. / Thesis / Master of Science (MS)
2

Approche moléculaire par le procédé sol-gel de nanoparticules de TiO2 dopées et/ou fonctionnalisées : applications en imagerie médicale et en catalyse d'oxydation / Molecular approach for the syntesis of doped and/or hybrid titania nanoparticles via a sol gel process : applications in medical imaging and oxidation catalysis

Mendez, Violaine 06 January 2010 (has links)
Un procédé sol-gel développé au laboratoire a été appliqué à des précurseurs hétéroleptiqueset/ou hétérométalliques pour l’élaboration de nouveaux matériaux hybrides et/ou dopés.Des nanoparticules de TiO2 dopées par le gadolinium et l’europium ont été obtenues sous formede nanocristallites d’anatase par ce procédé basse température. Leurs performancesmagnétiques et luminescentes ont été évaluées afin de pouvoir les utiliser comme agents decontraste pour l’imagerie médicale. L’utilisation d’un précurseur hétérométallique ethétéroleptique contenant à la fois du titane, du gadolinium et du PABA a pu conduire à laformation de matériaux dopés et hybrides en une seule étape. L’utilisation future de cesmatériaux dans le domaine biomédical est envisagée.La deuxième partie de ce travail a consisté en l’élaboration de supports hybrides TiO2(citrate) en appliquant le même procédé de co-hydrolyse à un nouvel alcoxyde de titane comportant le ligand citrate. Plusieurs degrés de fonctionnalisation organique de surface ont été obtenus par la modification des quantités relatives des précurseurs de départ. En mettant simplement en présence ces supports avec des solutions aqueuses de sels d’or ou d’argent, les fonctions citrates ont permis la formation de particules métalliques directement à la surface des supports. Ces matériaux M/TiO2 ont été utilisés en tant que catalyseurs dans l’époxydation du transstilbène en phase liquide et ont permis d’améliorer la connaissance des mécanismes de cette réaction aérobie. / A new and relevant sol-gel process has allowed us to prepare new hybrid materials. Titania nanoparticles with lanthanides doping agent (gadolinium and europium) were obtained as anatase nanocrystallites via our low-temperature process. Their magnetic and luminescent properties have been tested in order to use them as contrast agent in medical imaging. A doped and hybrid material has also been obtained and its NH2 groups at the surface will be used in thebio-medical field. The second part of this work has consisted in the preparation of TiO2(citrate) hybrid supports viaa new titanium alkoxide that contains a citrate ligand. Several surface citrate density had been obtained by changing the precursor’s initial relative amounts. Then the simple contact between these hybrid supports and aqueous solutions of silver or gold ions led to the formation of metallic particles directly on the surface support thanks to the presence of the citrate groups, which are known to be reducing agent. These M/TiO2 materials were then tested as catalysts in the aerobic epoxidation of trans-stilbene in the liquid phase. Through this study, we were able to improve our knowledge in this reactionmechanism.

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