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Japan's economy is declining since the impact of the economic ¡§foam¡¨ in the 1990s. Besides, under the double blow of Asian financial storm many enterprises go bankrupt, reforming happens frequently day by day within the territory of Japan. Japanese steel industry does not make an exception. In order to increase the occupation rate of market in the industry or for the goal of long-lasting operation, the actions of merger and alliance among the steel factories are prevailing. According to the positive attitude of the steel blast furnace factories to deal with this sitution they established their own trading department one after another. Make the demands of trading, information and finance services provided by the trading companies who live by the steel blast furnance factories go down, it force the companies to adopt the action of cooperation or merger to prevent disappearing in the industry. This study utilizes the case study approach to deduce the management model of the merged enterprises and induce with the phenomenon. According to the secondary and case interview materials collected to proceed an exploratory qualitative research. Case study aims the new established company composed of the isolated steel departments of Itochu and Marubeni with equal stakes. Probes into its tactics goal, merger motive, merger process related to the operation performance and try to establish a management model of merger. This study found that the direction and method of decision while carrying out merger originally, and the unique national and corporate culture in this case improve to reach the anticipated synergy achievement on the initial stage of merger. And provide suggestions and references to companies which intend to merge with similar culture and background.

Abstract It was on Nov 19th 2005 that the Japanese Fishery Delegation announced in the annual conference of International Commission For The Conservation of Atlantic Tuna (ICCAT) that Taiwanese Atlantic Tuna Fishing Vessel Fleet laundered the fish at the high sea, violating the regulations on the Conservation of Tuna. As a result, they completely amputated the quota of tuna fish sales to Japan (quota) and cancelled the status of member nation in ICCAT. Finally, Taiwanese Fishery Delegation remained the member nation status unchanged after our efforts to explain the tough situation facing Taiwanese Tuna Fishing industry to Japan, but the quota was greatly downsized to 4,600 Metric Tons. Such severe action of revenge not only resulted in the complete collapse of Taiwan¡¦s Tuna Fishing activities in the Atlantic Ocean but also exposed Taiwanese Far Sea Fishing management to the International Fishery nations¡¦ practical competition crisis. The development of Taiwan¡¦s Far Sea Tuna Fishing Industry has extended across Tri-ocean. Taiwan has the most Tuna Long Liners, and our catches have exceeded those from some other countries, ranking No.1 in the world. Therefore, it has undeniably had a great influence on the development of some other nations¡¦ fishing industry. Moreover, Taiwanese fishing business owners have taken every opportunistic ways to sell the fish out of the quota to Japan. We were able to survive by good luck in the transitional period of fishing development before the year of 2000. But Tri-ocean Tuna Conservation Commissions have greatly increased the awareness of concept of Tuna Conservation in recent days, so it was unavoidable that they will impose as certain of regulations on the catch. If both Taiwan¡¦s government and fishing business owner don¡¦t find a solution to this sticky problem, it is just a matter of time that Taiwanese Long Liners will be evicted from Tri-Ocean. This research was started in the development process of Taiwan¡¦s Far Sea Tuna Industry, introducing the Tuna Conservation organizations of Tri-Ocean, (ICCAT, WCPFC, IATTC, IOTC, CCSBT), and the profiles on nutrition facts of Tuna Fish, fishing method and Fishing cooperation. This research also further groped and analyzed how both Taiwanese Fishing Authority and Fishing business owners reacted to the sanction pressure facing Taiwan in Tri-Ocean regions. This research will be used as the reference for both Taiwan¡¦s far sea Tuna Business owners and its decision-makers in face of meeting the severe pressure created by international quota. It will be instrumental to promoting Tuna fish consumption also. Keywords: Flag Of Convenience, Fishing Cooperation, Quota¡FTuna Long Liner, Sashimi Fishing Vessel.

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Abstract The Chinese government has fulfilled the policy of ¡§revolution opening¡¨ since 1979, and it has taken ¡§outside economy¡¨ and ¡§region incline¡¨ course to fulfill the programming development with ¡§southern, middle, and western¡¨ three-route region. The Chinese government has given the programming development to keep the initiative in its own hands to attract foreign capital, technology, and enterprise management experiences. Such a development has made Chinese economy grow up rapidly, and set up a political economic environment of socialism which has been filled with Chinese characteristics. The Chinese government has carried out the policy of ¡§the ninth five-year national development program prospect goal suggestion¡¨ in 1996. The policy indicates that Shanghai is the nuclear window which can be the connection between China and the world and plans to build Shanghai to be the center of international economy, trade, finance and shipping. Thus, Shanghai has started a diversely development that can attract international enterprises¡¦ investment largely. In the demand of market institution, the process of being developed has faced a serious problem that is a lack of enough enterprise management elites. Education funds and resources, total amounts of high colleges and equipments have shown up the imbalance of the Chinese government. In order to achieve the goal of training professional elites, the Chinese government takes ¡§building nation with technology education¡¨ as a main policy and ¡§distance education¡¨ as a main artifice, and uses communication channel as network and television to train enterprise management elites of ¡§fast, effort-saving, excellent, and few amount¡¨ to make development of human resource in China, which can grow up with Chinese economy at the same time. ¡§Shanghai long-distance education group¡¨ belongs to Shanghai City Government. It is the first long-distance institute allowed by China National Council to set up with grouping. It expands Chinese education resources, merges Shanghai Television University, Shanghai Education TV Company, Shanghai Electric Education Institute, Shanghai Television Secondary Training School, and Shanghai Calculator Assessment Application Office to set up the large information platform, and uses the entire development of Shin-shi Harbor in Shanghai City to provide with the service of elites-training in all kinds of fields, and improve the competitive ability of internationalization after participating in WTO by the way. The thesis takes qualitative research of ¡§grounded theory¡¨ to combine with document probe, personal participation, deep interview, and induces the practical development situation of prospect, mission, goal, and strategy of research objects with ¡§open coding¡¨, ¡§axial coding¡¨, and ¡§selective coding¡¨. The thesis also probes deeply the regulation and market-opening policy of the Chinese government, the evaluation of putting in education market with enterprise resources, vertical and horizontal revolution of internal organization, motivation of learning, position of marketing, institution of competition, effect of internationalization, and potential of development, contrasts with the relationship between dependent and dependent variables to prove those issues near the real situation, and predicts the prospective trend. The thesis is practical and marketable. Besides probing China long-distance education of training enterprise management elites, the thesis also expects to provide Taiwan¡¦s enterprises with some related criterions of investing in China and economic competition and cooperation between Taiwan and China. Moreover, the thesis finds out Chinese electric learning and the market opportunity of electronic commerce. It will be good for integrating the resources between Taiwan and China and it will create a peaceful and prosperous environment.

While improving the seasoned equity offerings, companies often manipulate the earnings or window the financial statements to get approval and increase IPO prices, and thus acquiring the funds easier. The main focus for this study is to exam whether the firms listed in Taiwan Stock Exchange manipulate earnings through discretionary accruals before the seasoned equity offerings, and the relationship between pre-issue discretionary accruals and the post-issue earnings, operating performance and long-term stock returns. The sample observed consists of 226 firms listed in Taiwan Stock Exchange conducting seasoned equity offering from 1991 to 1998 and the Modified Jones Model was used to estimate the discretionary accruals basing on the financial statements of the year. The discretionary accruals are the main research variables. The empirical results show that: 1. Firms listed in Taiwan Stock Exchange intend to manipulate the discretionary current accruals before conducting the seasoned equity offerings in order to improve earnings, and the larger pre-issue discretionary accruals, the larger the decline of post-issue earnings. 2. The post-issue total asset returns are clearly negatively correlated to the discretionary current accruals in the year before the seasoned equity offerings, indicating that the adjustment of discretionary accruals will influence the post-issue operating performance. 3. Excluding the possible influences from the industry, the discretionary current accruals present significantly negative effect on the post-issue operating performance. The level of earnings management becomes larger, the post-issue long-term stock return will decline greater.

Long range dependent processes occur in many fields, it is important to monitor these processes to early detect their shifts. This paper considers the problem of detecting changes in an I(d) process or an ARFIMA(p,d,q) process by statistical control charts. The control limits of EWMA and EWRMS control charts of I(d) processes are established and analytic forms are derived. The average run lengths of these control charts are estimated by Monte Carlo simulations. In addition, we illustrate the performance of the control charts by empirical examples of I(d) processes and ARFIMA(1,d,1) processes.

A distributed fiber optic sensor with the ability of detecting and locating intruders on foot and vehicles over long perimeters (>10 km) was studied. The response of the sensor to people walking over or near it and to vehicles driving nearby was observed and analyzed. The sensor works on the principle of phase sensitive optical time domain re ectometry, making use of interferometric effects of Rayleigh backscattered light along a single mode fiber. Light pulses from a highly stable Er:doped fiber laser emitting single longitudinal mode light and exhibiting low frequency drift are passed through one end of the buried fiber. The backscattered light emerging from the same fiber end was monitored using a photodetector. The phase changes produced in the light pulse due to the pressure of the intruder walking directly above or near the sensor or from the seismic disturbances created by vehicles moving in the vicinity of the sensor are detected using the phase sensitive Optical Time Domain Re ectometer (OTDR). Field tests were conducted with the sensing element as a single mode fiber in a 3-mm diameter cable buried at depths ranging from 8 to 18 inches in clay soil. It was observed that the sensor could detect intruders walking transverse to the cable line at a distance of 40 ft from it. A car moving at a speed of 30 mph on a rough road could be consistently detected up to a distance of 480 ft from the sensor, while a car driven on a smooth road 200 ft from the sensor could be detected only when passing through rough patches on the road. Tests were also performed with an intruder walking near the sensor while a car was driven at a speed of 30 mph on a rough road. The effect on the signal due to the intruder on foot could be distinguished clearly only when the car was at least 200 ft away from the sensor. The results in this thesis represent the first quantitative study of the sensitivity of the sensor under varied test conditions. It is expected that these findings will be helpful in the practical implementation of the long perimeter intrusion sensor along high security domains like national borders, military bases and government buildings.

The electric power industry is undergoing a restructuring process. The major goals of the change of the industry structure are to motivate competition, reduce costs and improve the service quality for consumers. In the meantime, it is also important for the new structure to maintain system reliability. Power system reliability is comprised of two basic components, adequacy and security. In terms of the time frame, power system reliability can mean short-term reliability or long-term reliability. Short-term reliability is more a security issue while long-term reliability focuses more on the issue of adequacy. This dissertation presents techniques to address some security issues associated with short-term reliability and some adequacy issues related to long-term reliability in deregulated power systems. Short-term reliability is for operational purposes and is mainly concerned with security. Thus the way energy is dispatched and the actions the system operator takes to remedy an insecure system state such as transmission congestion are important to shortterm reliability. Our studies on short-term reliability are therefore focused on these two aspects. We first investigate the formulation of the auction-based dispatch by the law of supply and demand. Then we develop efficient algorithms to solve the auction-based dispatch with different types of bidding functions. Finally we propose a new Optimal Power Flow (OPF) method based on sensitivity factors and the technique of aggregation to manage congestion, which results from the auction-based dispatch. The algorithms and the new OPF method proposed here are much faster and more efficient than the conventional algorithms and methods. With regard to long-term reliability, the major issues are adequacy and its improvement. Our research thus is focused on these two aspects. First, we develop a probabilistic methodology to assess composite power system long-term reliability with both adequacy and security included by using the sequential Monte Carlo simulation method. We then investigate new ways to improve composite power system adequacy in the long-term. Specifically, we propose to use Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) such as Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC), Static Var Compensator (SVC) and Thyristor Controlled Phase Angle Regulator (TCPAR) to enhance reliability.