El primer capítol, titulat "PROMETENT FRACÀS: Retòrica Política i Empresatial com a Determinant de l'Èxit" estableix una relació negativa entre el número de promeses fetes per polítics i companyies i el seu conseqüent rendiment. Mostro que les empreses que fan poc ús del temps futur en els seus informes annuals superen significativament aquelles que l'utilitzen més. De la mateixa manera, en totes les eleccions presidencials dels E.U.A. des del 1960 fins el 2004, el candidat que va fer un menor ús del futur durant els debats televisats va guanyar el vot popular. Mostro que la freqüència en que s'usa el futur a les frases està fortament correlacionat amb la freqüència de fer promeses i que aquesta última pot ser modelada en un marc de teoria de jocs. Paraules clau: eficiència de mercat, anomalies de preus, cheap talkEl segon capítol, "Valorant Contractes d'Assegurança de la Hipoteca en Economies de Mercat Emergents", tracta de l'aplicació d'opcions reals per a posar preus a contractes d'asseguraça de la hipoteca. Deselvolupem un nou mètode basat en opcions per a l'avaluació de contractes d'assegurança de la hipoteca en forma tancada en una economia en la qual els agents són neutrals al risc. Mentre el mètode d'avaluació proposat és general i pot ser usat en qualsevol mercat, pot ser particularment útil en economies de mercat emergentsen les quals altres mètodes existents poden ser inapropiats o són massa difícils d'implementar degut a la manca de dades relevants. És el primer article que desenvolupa un marc de preu d'opcions per a posar preus a contractes AH en forma tancada. D'aquesta manera podem obtenir resultats d'estàtiques comparatives de forma analítica en comptes de forma numèrica, com sol ser el cas en literatura relacionada. Aquest és el primer article que quantifica els efectes de la ineficiècia legal en el preu dels contractes AH i demostra que aquest efectes poden ser significants i s'haurien de tenir en consideració alhora de posar preu en aquest tipus de contractes. Paraules clau: assegurança d'hipoteca, quota de morositat, quota de prepagament, fòrmula black-scholes. El tercer capítol es titula "Conseqüències de l'increment de la longevitat en la riquesa, fertilitat i el creixament de la població". Presentem, solucionem i simulem numèricament un model simple que descriu les conseqüències del creixement de la longetivitat per a la taxa de fertilitat, el creixement de la població i la distribució de riquesa en societats desevolupades. Veiem les consequüències de l'ús repetit de tècniques d'extensió de la vida i mostrem que representen una nova matèria prima, la introducció de la qual influenciarà en gran mesura aspectes claus de l'economia i la societat en general. En particular, desvelem dues fases en el nostre model simplificat, que anomenem "mortal" i "immortal". / The first essay, titled "PROMISING FAILURE: Political and Company Rhetoric as a Determinant of Success" establishes a negative relationship between the number of promises made by politicians and companies and their consequent performance. I show that firms that make sparing use of the future tense in their annual reports significantly outperform those that use it more. Similarly, in all of the U.S. presidential elections from 1960 through 2004, the candidate who made less use of the future tense during the televised debates won the popular vote. I show that the frequency of using future-tense sentences is strongly correlated with the frequency of making promises and that the latter can be modeled within a game-theoretic framework. Keywords: market efficiency, pricing anomalies, cheap talkThe second essay, "Valuing Mortgage Insurance Contracts in Emerging Market Economies", deals with application of real options for pricing of mortgage insurance contracts. We develop a new option-based method for the valuation of mortgage insurance contracts in closed form in an economy where agents are risk neutral. While the proposed valuation method is general and can be used in any market, it may be particularly useful in emerging market economies where other existing methods may be either inappropriate or are too difficult to implement because of the lack of relevant data. It is the first paper to develop an option-pricing framework for pricing MI contracts in closed form. As a result, comparative static results can be obtained analytically instead of numerically, as is typically the case in the related literature. This is the first paper that quantifies the effects of legal inefficiency on the pricing of MI contracts and demonstrates that these effects can be quite significant and should be taken into account when pricing MI contracts. Keywords: mortgage insurance, default rate, prepayment rate, black-scholes formula, The third essay is titled "Consequences of increased longevity for wealth, fertility and population growth". We present, solve and numerically simulate a simple model that describes the consequences of increased longevity for fertility rates, population growth and the distribution of wealth in developed societies. We look at the consequences of the repeated use of life extension techniques and show that they represent a novel commodity whose introduction will profoundly influence key aspects of the economy and society in general. In particular, we uncover two phases within our simplified model, labeled as "mortal" and "immortal".

Diss. (sammanfattning). Umeå : Sveriges lantbruksuniv., 2003. / Härtill 7 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2005. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, 2006. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2004. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 199-225).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 1998. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 176-190). Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 1998. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 176-190). Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2007. / Title from PDF title page (viewed on Sept. 16, 2009). Includes bibliographical references (p. 220-232).

abstract: In recent years, the length of time people use and keep belongings has decreased. With the acceptance of short-lived furniture and inexpensive replacements, the American mentality has shifted to thinking that discarding furniture is normal, often in the guise of recycling. Americans are addicted to landfills. The high cost of landfill real estate and other considerable ecological impacts created by the manufacturing of furniture should persuade people to give their belongings a longer life, but in reality, furniture is often prematurely discarded. This grounded theory study takes a multi-method approach to analyze why some types of furniture are kept longer and to theorize about new ways to design and sell furniture that lasts well past its warranty. Case studies bring new insight into designer intention, manufacturer intent, the world of auction-worthy collectables and heirlooms, why there is a booming second-hand furniture market and the growing importance of informed interior designers and architects who specify or help clients choose interior furnishings. An environmental life cycle assessment compares how the length of furniture life affects environmental impacts. A product's life could continue for generations if properly maintained. Designers and manufacturers hoping to promote longevity can apply the conclusions of this report in bringing new pieces to the market that have a much longer life span. This study finds areas of opportunity that promote user attachment, anticipate future repurposing, and provide services. This thinking envisions a paradigm for furniture that can re-invent itself over multiple generations of users, and ultimately lead to a new wave of desirable heirloom furniture. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.S.D. Design 2011

The age of population has been protracting while the age limit for retirement has been increasing. On the one hand there are seniors who live to old age but they are in a relatively good health condition as same as their mental condition and state of mind. On the other hand there are among us the fellow citizens who became ill at a relatively early retirement age of civilization diseases. The aim of this thesis is to map the lifestyle of today´s seniors who lived to old age so that today´s young people and middle-aged people could spend their old age in the best health conditions and leisurely enjoy the retirement age because of its delayed coming. I have chosen qualitative research for ney diploma work. I hawe used the technique af half centrollet interview.