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Fysisk aktivitet i bostadsområden med låg socioekonomisk statusAtaeian, Saman January 2018 (has links)
Syftet med det här arbetet är att undersöka den fysiska aktivitetsgraden i några av Malmö stads förorter. Fokus på socioekonomiskt utsatta förorter. Samt att försöka förstå vad som görs för att förbättra aktivitetsgraden bland barn och ungdomar inom dessa områden i Malmö. I uppsatsen användes det Teorier från Antonovsky, Bourdieu och Engström för att klargöra individers olika livsstilar för att genom det få en bättre uppfattning kring förhållandet mellan levnadssituation och aktivitetsgrad. Uppsatsen är kvalitativ och utgjordes i form av intervjuer med frågeställningar som: Vilken uppfattning har unga ledare om den fysiska aktivitetsgraden bland barn i socioekonomisk utsatta områden? Samt vilka åtgärder bör man vidta för att uppmuntra fysisk aktivitet bland dessa unga? Sammanfattningsvis menas det att det finns många påverkande faktorer för ungas nivå av fysisk aktivitet. Socioekonomisk status har inverkan på den fysiska aktiviteten och många gånger kan en låg socioekonomisk status likställas med låg nivå av fysisk aktivitet. I de fall det finns familjemedlemmar och unga mentorer som uppmuntrar till fysisk aktivitet går det däremot att se en större andel unga som är fysiskt aktiva, även i områden som anses ha lägre socioekonomisk status. Målet var att skaffa sig en förståelse för vad som görs idag för att främja fysisk aktivitet bland unga och om de aktiviteter som görs får det genomslag som önskas. Genom utbildning av unga ledare, mentorer och andra aktiviteter som sysselsätter unga i Malmö menas det att man har tagit ett steg i rätt riktigt. Däremot finns det mer att önska avseende ingripanden och initiativ för att i större grad öka ungas fysiska aktivitet. / The purpose of this study is to investigate the physical activity of some of Malmö City's suburbs. As well as trying to understand what is being done to improve the activity rate among children and young people in these areas in Malmö. In the essay, the theories of Antonovsky, Bourdieu and Engström were used to clarify the different lifestyles of individuals in order to gain a better understanding of the relationship between living and activity levels. The essay is qualitative and consisted of interviews with questions such as: What view do young leaders have about the physical activity of children in socio-economically vulnerable areas? And what measures should be taken to encourage physical activity among these young people?In conclusion, it is meant that there are many influencing factors for young people's level of physical activity. Socioeconomic status has an impact on physical activity and many times a low socioeconomic status can be equated with a low level of physical activity. However, if there are family members and young mentors who encourage physical activity, it is possible to see a larger proportion of young people who are physically active, even in areas that are considered to have lower socio-economic status.The goal was to get an understanding of what is being done today to promote physical activity among young people and if the activities that are done are given the desired impact. Through education of young leaders, mentors and other activities that employ young people in Malmö, it is meant that you have taken a step in the right direction. On the other hand, there is more to be desired regarding interventions and initiatives to increase the youth's physical activity to a greater extent.
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Parenting Experiences Among Single Southern African Immigrant Mothers in Low Socioeconomic NeighborhoodsFuzane, Winnie Mhlambi 01 January 2018 (has links)
Empirical studies have shown that single-parent families have been overrepresented in disadvantaged neighborhoods, and the children of these families are more exposed to factors that lead to aggressive behavior. Despite these studies, there is limited literature on the parenting of immigrant mothers that may prevent aggressive behaviors in children. Therefore, the purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the lived experiences of single Southern African immigrant mothers in low socioeconomic neighborhoods in California working and raising male children who do not exhibit aggressive behaviors in schools and in the community. Seligman's theory of positive psychology informed this study. Research questions were focused on how the participants make meaning of and positively cope with their parenting experiences. Data were collected through semistructured interviews using purposive sampling of 8 single Southern African immigrant mothers. Using interpretative phenomenological analysis, 5 themes emerged: (a) working hard, (b) religion, (c) family, (d) education, and (e) positively coping. The findings of this study may contribute to positive social change by informing policy makers from California and high school personnel about the need to develop programs that are culturally responsive to the needs of adolescents with aggressive behaviors.
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