Diploma thesis is focused on data evaluation of economic efficiency of provisions for impoving of water quality in Macha's lake. Data estimation of economic value of chase in water quality in Macha's lake were acquired during on-site research in the area. Choice Experiment was used for modelling of recreational demand. The base of Choice Experiment is coming out from Lancaster's Attribution theory and Random utility function. Data presentation and its acquiring is a part of the diploma thesis, there is also discussed the new findings and the base of neoclassical methodology of Cost-Benefit Analysis that is suitable for judging of economic efficiency of provisions that help improving water quality in The Macha's lake. Macha's lake is a signifiant recreational area. While deciding about long term solution of the problem of water quality it is necessary to judge efficiency of invested ressources. Estimations of changes in water quality in Macha's lake is going to be used for Cost-Benefit Analysis. Cost-Benefit Analysis is based on measuring costs and benefits and their comparisons and this Analysis is main scope of the thesis.

Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2016-08-01T12:12:27Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Dissert_IsaacItamar-BC.pdf: 2531125 bytes, checksum: d2544161d15a76f625e7584f9b5b9121 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-01T12:12:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Dissert_IsaacItamar-BC.pdf: 2531125 bytes, checksum: d2544161d15a76f625e7584f9b5b9121 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-26 / CNPq / A dominação do sujeito pelo Estado produz uma coerção, uma ilusão de o sujeito ser dono do que diz e de si próprio, de seu corpo, podando qualquer tipo de capacidade psíquica que proporcione reflexão, que induza à criatividade ou singularidade. Esse mecanismo faz parte da interpelação do indivíduo em sujeito e está na base do processo de subjetivação. Este estudo coliga a ideia de subjetivação à de corporificação dos sujeitos, de maneira que um processo é indissociável do outro. Subjetivar-se é, necessariamente, corporificar-se. Com tal ancoragem, propomo-nos a examinar o sujeito em sua relação com o corpo e o discurso, no que Vinhas (2014) denomina corpolinguagem discursivo. O sujeito a que nos referimos é aquele da Marcha das Vadias, movimento feminista cujo eixo principal se concentra na reestruturação da forma com a qual a polícia lida com as situações relacionadas ao crime de estupro, e, mais recentemente, em desdobramentos desse primeiro eixo, à defesa do aborto e das causas raciais, homossexuais e transgênero. Partimos da hipótese de que os desdobramentos de sentido averiguados em diferentes momentos da Marcha estão intimamente relacionados à forma como o sujeito do movimento feminista se inscreve na história. O que explicamos tanto pelo viés do discurso, da corporificação/subjetivação; quanto pelo viés sociológico, da congruência dos fatos históricos das diferentes fases (ondas) da teoria feminista, num só fluxo horizontal (feminist sidestreaming), ou quarta onda do movimento feminista (MATOS, 2010). Para tanto, mobilizamos os pressupostos teóricos da Análise de Discurso de inspiração pecheuxtiana, com destaques à noção de sujeito e, consequentemente, forma-sujeito, formação discursiva e posição-sujeito. Nesse enquadramento, atemo-nos às manifestações corpóreas desse sujeito, de maneira que consideramos o corpo no arcabouço teórico da psicanálise e da AD. A questão problema que norteia esta discussão é analisar o funcionamento desse fenômeno num arquivo de imagens extraídas das Marchas das Vadias compreendidas entre 2011 e 2015, de maneira a a) apontar concretamente a mudança de foco da MDV pelo viés do processo de subjetivação/corporificação; e b) identificar nesse processo as marcas ideológicas deixadas no corpo pelo discurso. / The domination of subject by the State produces a coercion, an illusion of the subject controls your own says and body, pruning any type of psychic capacity that provides reflection, induces creativity or uniqueness. This mechanism is a part of the interpellation of the individual in subject and integrates the base to subjectivity process. This study combines the idea of subjectivity to the embodiment of the subjects, in a way that one process is inseparable from the other. Subjectivity is the same of embodiment. With such an anchorage, we propose to examine the subject in its relation with the body and discourse, what Vinhas (2014) calls discursive bodylanguage. The subject that we refer is those of Slutwalk, a feminist movement whose axis was concentrated in the restructuring the way with the police deal with such situations related to the crime of rape, and, more recently, in the defense of abortion and racial, homosexuals and transgender causes. Our hypothesis developments direction ascertained in different moments of the March are closely related to the way as the subject of the feminist movement is inscribed in history. What we have explained through discourse: with the embodiment/subjectivity; and through the sociological bias: the congruence of the historical facts of different stages (waves) of feminist theory, in a horizontal flow (feminist sidestreaming), or fourth wave of the feminist movement (MATOS, 2010). To this end, we mobilize theoretical assumptions of Discourse Analysis, with highlights to the notion of subject and Form-Subject, Discursive formation and Subject-position. In this framework, we investigate corporal manifestations of this subject, considering the bodies through the theoretical framework of psychoanalysis and AD. The main question who guides this discussion is analyze this phenomenon drawn an archive of pictures of the SlutWalk taken between 2011 and 2015, the way one a) specifically pointing an SW focus change on the bias of subjectivity process/embodiment; and b) identify this process through the ideological discourse marks left in the body.

Molecular markers were used in an attempt to determine the phylogenetic relationships of hexaploid wheats within Triticum aestivum L. and to identify wheat cultivars. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), gliadin protein and cytological analyses were used to assess phylogenetic relationships among five morphological groups of hexaploid wheat, namely, macha, common wheat, spelta, vavilovii and semi-wild wheat (SWW). RAPD and gliadin data were analysed using the NTSYS-pc computer program to generate Jaccard genetic similarity coefficients. Coefficients of genetic similarity in the cytological study were calculated based on the number of chiasmata in hybrids. Dendrograms were constructed based on these coefficients. The dendrogram based on RAPD analysis grouped 15 accessions into five distinct clusters which were in agreement with the morphology-based classification. The results indicated that common wheat was closely related to vavilovii. Spelta was less related to the common and vavilovii wheat cluster. SWW was distantly related to common wheat. Macha was the least related to the previous clusters. These results were consistent with those based on cytological analysis. The results of gliadin analysis were not completely consistent with those based on RAPD and cytological analyses. RFLP data showed that it was difficult to determine phylogenetic relationships among the five groups of hexaploid wheat based on variation in the intergenic spacer region of the 18-25S rRNA unit. Polymerase chain reaction analysis of the 5S rRNA unit and the internal transcribed spacer of the 18-25S rRNA unit did not show any polymorphism among and within the five groups of hexaploid wheat. Twelve mis-classified Triticum accessions were found in macha and vavilovii wheat collections and investigated using RAPD and cytological analyses. A dendrogram based on RAPD analysis classified the 12 accessions into either T. monococcum, T. turgidum spp. dicoccum or T. timopheevii. The results were in agreement with cytogenetic data and morphological observations. The genetic diversity of spelta and macha wheat was also investigated using RAPD analysis and the results were generally consistent with geographic origins. Macha wheat germplasm was found slightly more diverse than spelta wheat although macha has a restricted geographic origin. In addition, duplicate accessions of macha and spelta were identified based on RAPD analysis. In the study of wheat cultivar identification and pedigree assessment, 29 cultivars were investigated using RAPD analysis. Cultivar specific markers were found, and at least eight cultivars could be identified using these specific markers. Cultivar relationships based on genetic similarity values were consistent with knownpedigrees. The study demonstrated that RAPD analysis can be used for estimating the phylogenetic relationships among the five groups of hexaploid wheat, reclassifying misclassified wheat germplasm, surveying the genetic diversity of spelta and macha wheat and identifying common wheat cultivars and duplicated accessions in wheat germplasm collections.

Solano-violeta (Solanum violaefolium) é uma ornamental rasteira usada pra cobrir solos de áreas sombreadas. Um vírus que induz manchas anelares nas folhas, tentativamente designado de mancha anular do S. violaefoliumm (S. violaefolium ringspot vírus - SvRSV), transmitido pelo ácaro Brevipalpus phoenicis foi encontrado nesta planta em jardins de Piracicaba, SP. Trata-se de um vírus baciliforme que se acumula no lúmen do retículo endoplasmático induzindo viroplasma citoplasmático, assemelhando-se a outros vírus do tipo citoplasmático, dos transmitidos por ácaros Brevipalpus (Acari: Tenuipalpidea). Este trabalho relata algumas de suas propriedades biológicas e a caracterização molecular parcial. SvRSV foi ser transmitido mecanicamente e pelo B. phoenicis a várias outras espécies botânicas, sempre causando lesões localizadas. Destas, Datura stramonium mostrou-se a melhor como hospedeira experimental. As propriedades físicas do SvRSV in vitro foram: temperatura de inativação - 40-45 ºC; ponto final de diluição - 10-3-10-4; longevidade in vitro- 12 dias. Posteriormente, observou-se também infestação destas plantas por B. obovatus que em ensaios preliminares transmitiu o SvRSV. Em secções ultrafinas, as partículas do SvRSV mostraram-se ligeiramente mais delgadas que as de outros vírus do tipo citoplasmático, transmitidos por Brevipalpus, e por outro lado formavam eventualmente partículas mais longas, às vezes de ca. 1 µm. Como os demais vírus, do tipo citoplasmático, transmitido por Brevipalpus, induz a formação de um viroplasma denso e vacuolado no citoplasma. Em casos favoráveis foram observadas fases do processo de morfogênese por "brotação" a partir do material do viroplasma. Dada sua labilidade não foi possível conseguir sua purificação apesar das inúmeras tentativas, usando diferentes protocolos. Logrou-se a extração de dsRNA a partir de D. stramonium e a partir dele, obter-se dois fragmentos do genoma viral, identificados como parte da proteína de movimento e da replicase, após seu sequenciamento. Foram produzidos pares de "primer" baseado nestas seqüências que amplificaram especificamente, por RT-PCR, fragmentos de DNA de tamanho esperado, a partir do RNA total extraído de lesões foliares de S. violaefolium e D. stramonium infetados. Sondas baseadas nas seqüências obtidas hibridizaram com ss- e dsRNA de lesões de D. stramonium. Ensaios preliminares de RT-PCR e hibridização não resultaram em reação com alguns outros vírus transmitidos por Brevipalpus, do tipo citoplasmático, inclusive o da leprose dos citros (CiLV-C). / Solanum violaefolium is an ornamental Solanaceae, with prostrate, trailing growth cultivated in shaded areas. Plants exhibiting necrotic ringlike spots on the leaves have been found in several gardens and parks at Piracicaba - SP. The ringspot symptoms on the leaves is caused by a vírus, named S. violaefolium ringspot virus (SvRSV), and is transmisible by mite Brevipalpus phoenicis (Acari: Tenuipalpidae). Short bacilliform particles are present within the cisternae of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and often electron dense viroplasm is present in the cytoplasm, characterist of the cytoplasmatic type of Brevipalpus-borne virus. The present study reports some of its biological properties and partial molecular caracterization. SvRSV is easily transmitted to many plant species either by viruliferous B. phoenicis or mechanically, always causing local lesions. Datura stramonium was proved to be better as experimental host. Its physical properties in vitro were: inactivation thermal point - 40-45 ºC; final diluition point - 10-3-10-4; longevity in vitro - 12 days. Afterwards, its was observed that S. violaefolium plants were infested by B. obovatus that transmitted SvRSV in preliminary assays. Thin sections revealed that SvRSV particles are slightly thinner and sometimes appear very long. In some favorable sections intermediate steps of viral particle morphogenesis by a budding process of the dense material of the viroplasm toward the lumen of ER could be seen. Due to the fragility of the particles, several attempts to purify the virus have failed, despite many protocols tried. It was possible, however, to extract dsRNA from infected tissue of D. stramonium, and two segments of viral genome, respectively with homology to movement protein (mp) and replicase (rep) of some known viruses were obtained. Primers were designed based in these sequences, which amplified by RT-PCR, fragments of DNA of expected size from total RNA extracts from leaves lesions of infected S. violaefolium and D. stramonium. Probes based on obtained sequences hibridizated with ss- and dsRNA from lesions of S. violaefolium and D. stramonium. Preliminary assays of RT-PCR and hybridization did not result in positive reaction with other cytoplasmatic type of Brevipalpus-borne viruses, including citrus leprosis (CiLVC).

The object of this diploma thesis was to analyze the tourism potential in the Macha{\crq}s region and analyze the partnership between subjects of tourism in this area. Tourist attractions and tourist services were analyzed too. There were given tips to improve the development of tourism.

Solano-violeta (Solanum violaefolium) é uma ornamental rasteira usada pra cobrir solos de áreas sombreadas. Um vírus que induz manchas anelares nas folhas, tentativamente designado de mancha anular do S. violaefoliumm (S. violaefolium ringspot vírus - SvRSV), transmitido pelo ácaro Brevipalpus phoenicis foi encontrado nesta planta em jardins de Piracicaba, SP. Trata-se de um vírus baciliforme que se acumula no lúmen do retículo endoplasmático induzindo viroplasma citoplasmático, assemelhando-se a outros vírus do tipo citoplasmático, dos transmitidos por ácaros Brevipalpus (Acari: Tenuipalpidea). Este trabalho relata algumas de suas propriedades biológicas e a caracterização molecular parcial. SvRSV foi ser transmitido mecanicamente e pelo B. phoenicis a várias outras espécies botânicas, sempre causando lesões localizadas. Destas, Datura stramonium mostrou-se a melhor como hospedeira experimental. As propriedades físicas do SvRSV in vitro foram: temperatura de inativação - 40-45 ºC; ponto final de diluição - 10-3-10-4; longevidade in vitro- 12 dias. Posteriormente, observou-se também infestação destas plantas por B. obovatus que em ensaios preliminares transmitiu o SvRSV. Em secções ultrafinas, as partículas do SvRSV mostraram-se ligeiramente mais delgadas que as de outros vírus do tipo citoplasmático, transmitidos por Brevipalpus, e por outro lado formavam eventualmente partículas mais longas, às vezes de ca. 1 µm. Como os demais vírus, do tipo citoplasmático, transmitido por Brevipalpus, induz a formação de um viroplasma denso e vacuolado no citoplasma. Em casos favoráveis foram observadas fases do processo de morfogênese por “brotação” a partir do material do viroplasma. Dada sua labilidade não foi possível conseguir sua purificação apesar das inúmeras tentativas, usando diferentes protocolos. Logrou-se a extração de dsRNA a partir de D. stramonium e a partir dele, obter-se dois fragmentos do genoma viral, identificados como parte da proteína de movimento e da replicase, após seu sequenciamento. Foram produzidos pares de “primer” baseado nestas seqüências que amplificaram especificamente, por RT-PCR, fragmentos de DNA de tamanho esperado, a partir do RNA total extraído de lesões foliares de S. violaefolium e D. stramonium infetados. Sondas baseadas nas seqüências obtidas hibridizaram com ss- e dsRNA de lesões de D. stramonium. Ensaios preliminares de RT-PCR e hibridização não resultaram em reação com alguns outros vírus transmitidos por Brevipalpus, do tipo citoplasmático, inclusive o da leprose dos citros (CiLV-C). / Solanum violaefolium is an ornamental Solanaceae, with prostrate, trailing growth cultivated in shaded areas. Plants exhibiting necrotic ringlike spots on the leaves have been found in several gardens and parks at Piracicaba – SP. The ringspot symptoms on the leaves is caused by a vírus, named S. violaefolium ringspot virus (SvRSV), and is transmisible by mite Brevipalpus phoenicis (Acari: Tenuipalpidae). Short bacilliform particles are present within the cisternae of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and often electron dense viroplasm is present in the cytoplasm, characterist of the cytoplasmatic type of Brevipalpus-borne virus. The present study reports some of its biological properties and partial molecular caracterization. SvRSV is easily transmitted to many plant species either by viruliferous B. phoenicis or mechanically, always causing local lesions. Datura stramonium was proved to be better as experimental host. Its physical properties in vitro were: inactivation thermal point – 40-45 ºC; final diluition point - 10-3-10-4; longevity in vitro – 12 days. Afterwards, its was observed that S. violaefolium plants were infested by B. obovatus that transmitted SvRSV in preliminary assays. Thin sections revealed that SvRSV particles are slightly thinner and sometimes appear very long. In some favorable sections intermediate steps of viral particle morphogenesis by a budding process of the dense material of the viroplasm toward the lumen of ER could be seen. Due to the fragility of the particles, several attempts to purify the virus have failed, despite many protocols tried. It was possible, however, to extract dsRNA from infected tissue of D. stramonium, and two segments of viral genome, respectively with homology to movement protein (mp) and replicase (rep) of some known viruses were obtained. Primers were designed based in these sequences, which amplified by RT-PCR, fragments of DNA of expected size from total RNA extracts from leaves lesions of infected S. violaefolium and D. stramonium. Probes based on obtained sequences hibridizated with ss- and dsRNA from lesions of S. violaefolium and D. stramonium. Preliminary assays of RT-PCR and hybridization did not result in positive reaction with other cytoplasmatic type of Brevipalpus-borne viruses, including citrus leprosis (CiLVC).