Nuisance aquatic vegetation (mainly Hydrilla Verticillata ) has become problematic in Lake Conroe, TX. Consequently, triploid grass carp (Ctenopharynogodon idella) were stocked at densities sufficient to completely denude the reservoir of all vegetation (invasive and native plants) within one year. As a result, an assessment was designed to investigate the changes (before and after carp stocking) in the plant assemblage among sampling stations, changes in water quality parameters, length frequency and condition changes of Centrachid species, largemouth diet changes, and changes in the fish assemblages among randomly selected sampling stations between early fall 2007, when grass carp were stocked, and one year later in early fall of 2008. The areas for sampling were based upon aquatic vegetation surveys by Texas Parks and Wildlife during 2007 and 2008, thirteen sampling stations were randomly selected using ArcGIS software and the percentage of water surface covered by vegetation was recorded at each station. Within each station, fish were collected by electrofishing the entire station for five minutes; water samples were also collected. Largemouth bass diet did significantly change for mature (<200 mm-TL) bass as indicated by a chi-square test. Largemouth bass from the samples were shown to consume less sunfish and more shad by the second (post-carp) sample. This is consistent with expected results due to the removal of vegetation consequently eliminating small sunfish habitat. In similar fashion, significant length-frequency changes were seen in the second year as there were fewer smaller (juvenile) Centrachid species found in the sampling sites. Contrary to the Centrachids, length-frequency of gizzard shad significantly decreased in size by the second sampling year. Based upon the aquatic vegetation surveys within the sampling sites of 2007 and 2008, there was an almost complete elimination of all aquatic plants following carp introduction. This result was consistent with what was expected from the carp introductions. Changes in water quality parameters (phosphorous, nitrate, nitrites, orthophosphate, chlorophyll (a)), were generally inconclusive, with the exception of nitrate which significantly increased by the second year. The water quality parameters along with other measured habitat parameters were used in the multivariate analysis.

Orientador: Fernando Tadeu de Carvalho / Banca: Sergio Luis de Carvalho / Banca: Alexandre Ninhaus Silveira / Banca: Marcelo Rocha Correa / Banca: Eduardo Negrisoli / Resumo: Com a poluição hídrica a importância do estudo dos efeitos das populações de plantas aquáticas sobre os corpos aqüíferos vem ganhando notoriedade no campo das pesquisas. Quantidades excessivas desse tipo de vegetação têm trazido vários prejuízos aos ecossistemas aquáticos, entre eles, perdas de água ocasionadas pelas intensas taxas de transpiração dessas plantas. Esse trabalho teve como objetivo estimar a quantidade de água perdida por evapotranspiração de plantas aquáticas flutuantes, utilizando a espécie Eichhornia azurea (Swartz) kunth (aguapé), em reservatórios controlados. O experimento foi conduzido durante o mês de novembro do ano de 2011, em ambiente aberto, no Campus II da Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira - UNESP, na cidade de Ilha Solteira/SP. Os tratamentos constaram de duas caixas d'água com volumes idênticos de água de 150 L, sendo que uma delas recebeu posteriormente uma população de E. azurea. Para obtenção dos dados de perda de água, foi utilizado um sensor capaz de medir a altura de coluna de água, com precisão milimétrica, variando de 0 a menos 2000 mm. Para a aquisição e leitura dos dados, foi acoplado aos sensores um sistema de coleta de dados em tempo real, ligados a um módulo de aquisição e registro de dados do tipo "datta logger". Os dados utilizados no presente trabalho correspondem aos valores obtidos entre 00 horas (zero horas) do dia 02/11/2011 até às 10 horas do dia 12/11/2011, que depois de dispostos na forma de tabelas e figuras comparativas, possibilitaram verificar que a diferença de perda absoluta de água entre as caixas é de pelo menos 179% no tratamento com plantas, o que equivale a uma relação de evapotranspiração/evaporação (ET/E) de 2,79, influenciado pelas variáveis climáticas, em especial, a temperatura / Abstract: With water pollution is important to study the effects of populations of aquatic plants on the bodies aquifers has gained notoriety in the field of research. Excessive amounts of this type of vegetation have brought many damages to aquatic ecosystems, including, water losses caused by intense transpiration rates of these plants. This study aimed to estimate the amount of water lost by evapotranspiration floating aquatic plant, Eichhornia azurea (Swartz) Kunth water hyacinth species in controlled reservoirs. The experiment was conducted during the month of November of the year 2011, in an open environment, Campus II of the Faculty of Engineering of Ilha Solteira - UNESP, in the city of Ilha Solteira/SP. The treatments consisted of two water tanks with identical volumes of 150 L of water, one of whom subsequently received a population of E. azurea. To obtain the data from loss of water, a sensor capable of measuring the height of water column, with pinpoint accuracy, ranging from 0 to about 2000 mm was used. For the acquisition and reading of data, was coupled to a system of sensors collecting data in real time, connected to a data acquisition and data logging type "datta logger". The data used in this paper correspond to the values obtained between 00 hours (zero hour) of the day 02/11/2011 until 10am on 12/11/2011, that after arranged in the form of comparative tables and figures, check enabled the absolute difference between the loss of water boxes is at least 179% in treatment plants, equivalent to a ratio of evapotranspiration/evaporation (ET/E) 2.79 influenced by climate variables, in particular temperature / Doutor

Made available in DSpace on 2015-01-26T13:21:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-08-13Bitstream added on 2015-01-26T13:30:21Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000801582.pdf: 1564080 bytes, checksum: 80dff8c01963bc1b46c867fc07a4c3a8 (MD5) / Com a poluição hídrica a importância do estudo dos efeitos das populações de plantas aquáticas sobre os corpos aqüíferos vem ganhando notoriedade no campo das pesquisas. Quantidades excessivas desse tipo de vegetação têm trazido vários prejuízos aos ecossistemas aquáticos, entre eles, perdas de água ocasionadas pelas intensas taxas de transpiração dessas plantas. Esse trabalho teve como objetivo estimar a quantidade de água perdida por evapotranspiração de plantas aquáticas flutuantes, utilizando a espécie Eichhornia azurea (Swartz) kunth (aguapé), em reservatórios controlados. O experimento foi conduzido durante o mês de novembro do ano de 2011, em ambiente aberto, no Campus II da Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira – UNESP, na cidade de Ilha Solteira/SP. Os tratamentos constaram de duas caixas d’água com volumes idênticos de água de 150 L, sendo que uma delas recebeu posteriormente uma população de E. azurea. Para obtenção dos dados de perda de água, foi utilizado um sensor capaz de medir a altura de coluna de água, com precisão milimétrica, variando de 0 a menos 2000 mm. Para a aquisição e leitura dos dados, foi acoplado aos sensores um sistema de coleta de dados em tempo real, ligados a um módulo de aquisição e registro de dados do tipo “datta logger”. Os dados utilizados no presente trabalho correspondem aos valores obtidos entre 00 horas (zero horas) do dia 02/11/2011 até às 10 horas do dia 12/11/2011, que depois de dispostos na forma de tabelas e figuras comparativas, possibilitaram verificar que a diferença de perda absoluta de água entre as caixas é de pelo menos 179% no tratamento com plantas, o que equivale a uma relação de evapotranspiração/evaporação (ET/E) de 2,79, influenciado pelas variáveis climáticas, em especial, a temperatura / With water pollution is important to study the effects of populations of aquatic plants on the bodies aquifers has gained notoriety in the field of research. Excessive amounts of this type of vegetation have brought many damages to aquatic ecosystems, including, water losses caused by intense transpiration rates of these plants. This study aimed to estimate the amount of water lost by evapotranspiration floating aquatic plant, Eichhornia azurea (Swartz) Kunth water hyacinth species in controlled reservoirs. The experiment was conducted during the month of November of the year 2011, in an open environment, Campus II of the Faculty of Engineering of Ilha Solteira - UNESP, in the city of Ilha Solteira/SP. The treatments consisted of two water tanks with identical volumes of 150 L of water, one of whom subsequently received a population of E. azurea. To obtain the data from loss of water, a sensor capable of measuring the height of water column, with pinpoint accuracy, ranging from 0 to about 2000 mm was used. For the acquisition and reading of data, was coupled to a system of sensors collecting data in real time, connected to a data acquisition and data logging type datta logger. The data used in this paper correspond to the values obtained between 00 hours (zero hour) of the day 02/11/2011 until 10am on 12/11/2011, that after arranged in the form of comparative tables and figures, check enabled the absolute difference between the loss of water boxes is at least 179% in treatment plants, equivalent to a ratio of evapotranspiration/evaporation (ET/E) 2.79 influenced by climate variables, in particular temperature

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-02-24Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:35:46Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 dias_sg_me_jabo.pdf: 750724 bytes, checksum: 41359e51b93ce3b86968501194e8f40a (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Nessa dissertação avaliou-se o efeito das macrófitas Eichhornia azurea (Sw.) Kunth e Salvinia auriculata Aublet na comunidade planctônica e na qualidade da água do viveiro usado para abastecimento de água para aquicultura. Foram estabelecidos 6 pontos de coleta no viveiro, 3 próximos as entradas de água e laterais, um na região central e dois nas saídas, onde foram analisadas variáveis físicas, químicas, microbiológicas e planctônicas da água. Para análise das macrófitas e das comunidades associadas foram estabelecidos 2 pontos próximos as saídas de água. E. azurea apresentou maior aplicabilidade como filtro biológico neste sistema de abastecimento. O sistema estudado sofre influência direta da precipitação, da fauna local e da ausência de manejo no entorno do viveiro. Na estação seca a qualidade da água foi adequada ao abastecimento, porém, durante a estação chuvosa a água ficou comprometida. O maior desenvolvimento do plâncton ocorreu durante a estação seca, na qual o baixo fluxo de água permitiu maior colonização por algumas espécies, sobressaindo em abundância e frequência organismos que caracterizam água adequada para o abastecimento, todavia, alguns grupos evidenciam que o viveiro está em processo de eutrofização. Recomenda-se o controle do material alóctone proveniente da área de produção agropecuária e dos animais do entorno deste viveiro que comprometem a qualidade da água e, a manutenção das macrófitas neste local / Current dissertation evaluated the effect of the macrophytes Eichhornia azurea (Sw.) Kunth and Salvinia auriculata Aublet within the plankton community and in the water quality of the pond used for the water supply to aquaculture. Six collection sites were established in the pond, or rather, three were close to the water entry and its sides: one at the central region and two at the outlets, where physical, chemical, microbiological and planktonic parameters of the water were analyzed. Two sites at the water outlet were established for the analysis of macrophytes and of associated communities. E. azurea was a highly efficient biological filter within the supply system. Analyzed system was directly affected by rainfall, local fauna and lack of management around the pond. Although water quality during the dry season was adequate for supply, during the rainy season water worsened. The highest plankton development occurred during the dry season: a low water flow favored higher colonization of some species, with special reference to the abundance and frequency of organisms that characterize adequate supply water. However, the presence of other groups evidence that the pond was in a process of eutrophication. Control of allochthonous material originating from the area, featuring animal, agricultural and cattle-raising production around the pond and introduced in it with the subsequent deterioration of water quality and the maintenance of macrophytes, is recommended

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:23:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-03-06Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:49:52Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_rs_me_rcla.pdf: 294151 bytes, checksum: f57b8ae02f720b25cb596e933caccae1 (MD5) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o ganho de biomassa de Eichhornia crassipes cultivada em microcosmo em diferentes épocas do ano. O experimento teve duração de 189 dias e ocorreu entre abril e outubro de 2006. Indivíduos de E. crassipes foram cultivados em um sistema de recirculação de água composto por 3 unidades experimentais. O fluxo de água foi contínuo (vazão de 0,25 L min-1) e nutrientes foram adicionados semanalmente. Valores de nitrito, nitrato, ortofosfato, oxigênio dissolvido, condutividade elétrica, turbidez, pH e temperatura da água foram obtidos semanalmente. Os valores médios semanais de temperatura mínima absoluta atmosférica foram calculados através dos dados obtidos pela Estação Meteorológica CEAPLA/UNESP, localizado a aproximadamente 500 metros do local do experimento. Semanalmente as plantas foram pesadas e posteriormente devolvidas as respectivas unidades experimentais. Variações de temperatura atmosférica foram verificadas. O período com os menores valores de temperatura mínima atmosférica (junho e julho) coincidem com o período de menores valores de ganho de biomassa do vegetal. Após este período, os valores de temperatura aumentaram favorecendo o crescimento do vegetal, ocorrendo os maiores valores de ganho de biomassa.

The decline of freshwater ecosystems, generally result from land use activities in the river catchment and is of great concern worldwide. This study was conducted along Umtata River in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa between May 2010 and April 2011. The study was aimed at identifying macrophytes families (to species level) and determining the stable isotope signatures (C:N ratios, δ13C and δ15N) and to relate their isotopic signatures to the land use activities along the river catchment. Analysis of variance was performed to test the effect of sites and sampling period on the C:N ratios, δ13C and δ15N signatures. There were 16 macrophyte families represented by 26 species recorded along the river. There was only a significant difference in sites and sampling period in δ15N (p< 0.05). The highest C:N ratios value (30.75±9.65‰) was recorded in the upper reaches while the lowest value (6.10±2.35‰) occurred in the lower reaches. The δ13C values varied throughout the length of the river with highest values (-19.63±5.44‰) obtained in the middle reaches. Spatial variation was evident in δ15N throughout the length of the river and showed increase from the upper reaches to middle reaches and decreased towards lower reaches. The δ15N ranged from 3.92±2.43‰ in the upper reaches to 10.02±4.56‰ in the middle reaches. Temporal variation in δ15N was also evident throughout the sampling period with highest peak in May (9.77± 4.49‰) and lowest in February (0.50±2.49‰) respectively. The highest values of isotope signatures at spatial level demonstrated the true reflection of urban development, sewage discharge and agricultural activities taking place along the river system. Continued monitoring is recommended that may ultimately come up with a better management options for the communities living within the study area, and also to better enhanced land utilization.

No description available.

La rivière Essonne est influencée quantitativement et qualitativement par la nappe de Beauce. L'eau de cette nappe possède des concentrations en nitrates élevées et qui continuent d'augmenter, représentant ainsi une menace croissante pour la qualité du cours d'eau. Des cressonnières (zones humides artificielles où le cresson de fontaine [Nasturtium officinale R. Br.] est cultivé) étaient autrefois très nombreuses entre ces deux masses d'eau, mais sont aujourd'hui massivement abandonnées. Or, ces zones humides jouent potentiellement un rôle épurateur vis-à-vis des nitrates, et pourraient contribuer au bon état du cours d'eau en limitant les transferts de ces nutriments (zones tampons) de la nappe vers la rivière. Ce travail a donc pour objectif d'étudier l'élimination des nitrates dans les cressonnières, mais également l'évolution de ces zones humides après l'abandon de la culture du cresson, et ses conséquences sur l'épuration. Pour cela, nous nous sommes basés sur l'étude d'un site expérimental (Maisse, 91, France) comprenant plusieurs stades d'abandon et sur des expérimentations en laboratoire (bioréacteurs). Les successions de macrophytes après l'abandon de la culture ont été étudiées sur le site expérimental et dans 14 autres sites de la vallée de l'Essonne. Après l'abandon de la culture, le cresson ne se maintient pas dans les fosses. On observe alors une évolution progressive vers un milieu terrestre, avec la colonisation successive par des hydrophytes pionnières ou invasives (Lemna minuta Kunth.), puis par des hélophytes pionnières (Epilobium hirsutum L., Typha latifolia L., Phragmites australis (Cav.) Steud.). Enfin, il s'établit une roselière avec l'apparition d'espèces arbustives et ligneuses (Salix sp), qui s'accompagne d'un comblement des fosses et qui semble constituer une transition vers une forêt alluviale. Au cours du passage de l'eau dans les fosses du site expérimental, une partie des nitrates a été éliminée. Les fosses cultivées ont été les plus efficaces avec un taux moyen de 1770 mg NO3-/m²/jour au cours des trois années de suivi. En comparaison, les fosses abandonnées ont montré des taux d'élimination largement inférieurs allant de 550 à 750 mg NO3-/m²/jour. Toutefois, ces taux n'ont permis qu'une faible diminution des concentrations (approximativement 44 mg/L en entrée à 42 mg/L en sortie) à cause de temps de séjour trop courts de l'eau dans les fosses. Les taux d'élimination des nitrates ont varié de façon saisonnière, avec un maximum en été et un minimum en hiver. L'ampleur des variations saisonnières a cependant été beaucoup plus forte dans les fosses cultivées que dans les fosses abandonnées. L'estimation des prélèvements par les macrophytes a montré que la dénitrification est la voie majoritaire de l'élimination des nitrates (70 à 85% de l'élimination totale). Des mesures de dénitrification potentielle en bioréacteurs ont montré que ce processus était limité par la disponibilité du carbone organique. Or, le cresson des fosses cultivées représente une source de carbone très disponible, par rapport aux hélophytes (Phragmites australis) qui dominent les cressonnières abandonnées. L'effet des cressonnières sur les concentrations en nitrates de la rivière Essonne est actuellement limité, mais peut être amélioré par la gestion des sources de carbone et des temps de séjour de l'eau dans ces zones humides. / River Essonne is quantitatively and qualitatively influenced by groundwater. Nitrate concentrations of this groundwater are high and are still increasing, threatening the quality of the watercourse. In the past, watercress farms (artificial wetlands where watercress [Nasturtium officinale R. Br.] is cultivated) were numerous between this groundwater and the river, but they are nowadays massively abandoned. These wetlands potentially play the role of buffer zones, and could contribute to maintain the quality of surface water with respect to nitrate. This study aims to assess nitrate mitigation in watercress farms, but also the changes occurring in these wetlands after watercress cropping has been abandoned and their consequences on nitrate removal. This work is based upon the study of an experimental site (Maisse, France) including several stages of abandon, and on laboratory experiments (bioreactors). Macrophytes succession after the abandonment of watercress farms has been assessed at the experimental site and in 14 other abandoned sites of the Essonne valley. After the abandonment of the crop, watercress do not maintain in the beds. The wetlands progressively evolve towards a terrestrial ecosystem, being successively colonized by pioneer or invasives hydrophytes (Lemna minuta Kunth.) and by pioneer helophytes (Epilobium hirsutum L., Typha latifolia L., Phragmites australis (Cav.) Steud.). To finish with, the vegetation consists in reed beds, with the appearance of shrubby and woody species (Salix sp) which seems to indicate an evolution towards an alluvial forest. Nitrates were partially removed from the water between the inflow and the outflow of our experimental site. Cultivated beds were the most efficient with a mean removal rate of 1770 mg NO3-/m²/day during this 3-years survey. In comparison, abandoned beds exhibited lower removal rates ranging from 550 to 750 mg/m²/day. In spite of these rates, the effects on nitrate concentrations in water were limited (approximately 44 mg/L at the inflow and 42 mg/L at the outflow), because the residence times were short. Nitrate removal rates varied seasonally, and were highest in summer and lowest in winter. The amplitude of these variations was higher in cultivated beds than in abandoned beds. The estimate of nitrate uptake by macrophytes revealed that denitrification could account for 70 to 85% of nitrate removal. Measurement of potential denitrification in bioreactors showed that organic carbon availability limited denitrification in watercress farm sediments. Watercress is a readily available source of carbon, in contrast with helophytes which dominate abandoned beds such as Phragmites australis.The effects of nitrate mitigation in watercress farms on nitrate concentrations in the river Essonne are very limited, but can be improved with the management of carbon sources and hydraulic residence time in these wetlands.

La prise de conscience des risques liés à la dégradation de la qualité des milieux lagunaires vis-à-vis de l’eutrophisation a abouti à la mise en œuvre d’actions de gestion visant à réduire les apports en nutriments. Certaines lagunes sont aujourd’hui en phase de restauration, avec une amélioration notable de la qualité de l’eau liée notamment à la réduction des biomasses phytoplanctoniques. En revanche, la réponse des macrophytes benthiques semble plus complexe et non linéaire. A travers une approche complémentaire basée sur l’analyse statistique des données d’observations acquises de 1998 à 2015 et sur des mesures in situ, cette thèse vise à identifier la dynamique temporelle et spatiale des macrophytes ainsi que leur rôle fonctionnel au cours du processus d'oligotrophisation. Au sein des lagunes méditerranéennes, la salinité et les teneurs en nutriments dans la colonne d'eau sont les principaux paramètres qui structurent la distribution des macrophytes benthiques. L’analyse statistique menée sur 21 lagunes polyhalines et euhalines a permis d'illustrer les premières étapes de restauration. La réduction des apports externes a conduit à un basculement rapide (3-4 ans) d’un système totalement dominé par le phytoplancton vers un système dominé par les macroalgues opportunistes et notamment les ulves. La réduction de la disponibilité en azote dans la colonne d'eau liée au développement des ulves favoriserait le développement des gracilaires (algue rouge) et des chaetomorphes (algue verte filamenteuse). Bien plus que la seule conséquence de la restauration, la présence d'espèces clés jouerait ainsi un rôle central dans la restauration en régulant les flux d'azote et de phosphore au sein du système et en créant les conditions favorables à l'apparition d'autres espèces plus pérennes. Bien que notre théorie décrive une tendance vers le retour des macrophytes pérennes pour les trajectoires de re-oligotrophisation, nous n’avons pas encore pu documenter ce retour dans les lagunes après une longue période d’absence. Ceci, montre l’importance de prendre en compte, entre autres, l’importance des sources internes d’éléments nutritifs et de la connectivité pour la recolonisation des angiospermes dans les lagunes. / The growing awareness of the negative impacts of the degradation of the water quality in coastal lagoons because of eutrophication has resulted in public action aiming at the reduction of the nutrient loadings into these lagoons. Hence, some of these coastal lagoons are currently undergoing ecological restoration and have shown a clear improvement of their water quality linked to decreasing phytoplankton biomass in the last 10 years. However, the response of the benthic macrophytes appears more complex, particularly by showing non-linear behaviour. By using complementary approaches including statistical analyses of long-term observations (1998-2015) and in situ measurements, this thesis aims to describe the dynamics of the macrophytes in space and time and to study their functional role during the oligotrophication process. Salinity, depth and nutrient concentrations in the water column represent the main factors that statistically explain the distribution of the benthic macrophyte communities in Mediterranean coastal lagoons. The first steps of the ecological restoration in eutrophied polyhaline and euhaline lagoons has been inferred from the statistical analysis of time series in 21 coastal lagoons. The reduction of the external nutrient loading results in a rapid regime shift (3-4 years) from a phytoplankton-dominated system to a macroalgae-dominated system, with particularly Ulva species. The decreasing inorganic nitrogen concentrations due to uptake by Ulva spp. in the water column appears to facilitate the development of Gracillaria spp. (red algae) and Chaetomorpha spp. (green filamentous algae). While the appearance of these macroalgal species is the result of the ecological restoration, these species also play a central role in this process by regulating the biogeochemical element fluxes. This way these species create more favourable conditions for perennial species. Although for re-oligotrophication trajectories in coastal lagoons our theory describes a tendency towards the return of perennial species, so far, we have not been able to document their return after a long period of absence. This shows, that among other factors, the internal nutrient loading and ecological connectivity are important factors to take into account for the recolonization of angiosperms in coastal lagoons.

L’objectif de la thèse était de développer un procédé de traitement des lisiers de porc par zone humide artificielle (ZHA) adapté aux contraintes du climat méditerranéen ainsi qu’à celles des éleveurs porcins. Le lisier de porc présentant des teneurs en ammonium (NH4+) toxiques pour les espèces végétales, il a été nécessaire de prétraiter le lisier. Des expérimentations sur le prétraitement du lisier de porc par aération continue (30 jours) à petite (12 litres) et moyenne échelles (300 litres) ont donc été conduites, et ont permis une diminution des concentrations en NH4+ en dessous des seuils de tolérance végétale. Cependant, la volatilisation de l’ammoniac semble avoir été le processus majoritairement à l’origine des abattements observés (phénomène d'ihnibition). Afin d’améliorer la diminution du NH4+, des produits d’ensemencement microbiens commerciaux ont été utilisés sans que leur effet n'ait pu être mis en évidence. Lors des expérimentations à moyenne échelle, le lisier prétraité a été amendé en ZHA (mésocosmes constitués d’un filtre à écoulement vertical suivi d’un filtre à écoulement horizontal). La forte variabilité phénotypique en système expérimental des macrophytes sélectionnés et prélevés dans le milieu naturel environnant (Carex hispida, Typha latifolia, Carex cuprina, Iris pseudacorus, Alisma lanceolatum et Juncus effusus), a été illustrée. Lors des apports en lisier dans la ZHA, les espèces végétales ont répondu différement, soulignant l’intérêt des cortèges multi-spécifiques. Les premiers résultats épuratoires ont été probants. Cependant l’étude des processus épuratoires a mis en lumière la problématique de leur durabilité. / The aim of the thesis was to develop a treatment process of pig manure by constructed wetland (CW) and designed in order to be adapted to the Mediterranean climate constraints and those of pig farmers. However hog manure has concentrations above 2 g.l-1 of ammonium (NH4+), toxic to the plants. It is therefore necessary to establish a slurry pre-treatment step. The thesis has included experiments including pre-treatment of pig slurry by continuous aeration (30 days) to small (12 liters) and medium scale (300 liters). Commercial products for microbial seeding were also used. The results showed that the aeration of pig manure did allow lower concentrations of NH4+ below plant tolerance threshold. However, the ammonia volatilization process appears to be the leading cause behind the observed reductions (inhibition phenomenom). No effect could be demonstrated for microbial treatments. During meso-scale experiments, the CW was amended with the pre-treated slurry (mesocosms made of a vertical flow filter followed by a horizontal flow filter). As a first step, the high phenotypic variability of macrophytes (taken from the natural environment) in experimental system was illustrated and discussed. After manure application, the selected plant species (Carex hispida, Typha latifolia, Carex cuprina Iris pseudacorus, Alisma lanceolatum and Juncus effusus) have presented different responses, emphasizing the importance of multi-species selection for the CW. Finally, the first purifying results were conclusive. However the study of the underlying purifying processes has highlighted the issue of sustainability of these phenomena.