La prise de conscience des risques liés à la dégradation de la qualité des milieux lagunaires vis-à-vis de l’eutrophisation a abouti à la mise en œuvre d’actions de gestion visant à réduire les apports en nutriments. Certaines lagunes sont aujourd’hui en phase de restauration, avec une amélioration notable de la qualité de l’eau liée notamment à la réduction des biomasses phytoplanctoniques. En revanche, la réponse des macrophytes benthiques semble plus complexe et non linéaire. A travers une approche complémentaire basée sur l’analyse statistique des données d’observations acquises de 1998 à 2015 et sur des mesures in situ, cette thèse vise à identifier la dynamique temporelle et spatiale des macrophytes ainsi que leur rôle fonctionnel au cours du processus d'oligotrophisation. Au sein des lagunes méditerranéennes, la salinité et les teneurs en nutriments dans la colonne d'eau sont les principaux paramètres qui structurent la distribution des macrophytes benthiques. L’analyse statistique menée sur 21 lagunes polyhalines et euhalines a permis d'illustrer les premières étapes de restauration. La réduction des apports externes a conduit à un basculement rapide (3-4 ans) d’un système totalement dominé par le phytoplancton vers un système dominé par les macroalgues opportunistes et notamment les ulves. La réduction de la disponibilité en azote dans la colonne d'eau liée au développement des ulves favoriserait le développement des gracilaires (algue rouge) et des chaetomorphes (algue verte filamenteuse). Bien plus que la seule conséquence de la restauration, la présence d'espèces clés jouerait ainsi un rôle central dans la restauration en régulant les flux d'azote et de phosphore au sein du système et en créant les conditions favorables à l'apparition d'autres espèces plus pérennes. Bien que notre théorie décrive une tendance vers le retour des macrophytes pérennes pour les trajectoires de re-oligotrophisation, nous n’avons pas encore pu documenter ce retour dans les lagunes après une longue période d’absence. Ceci, montre l’importance de prendre en compte, entre autres, l’importance des sources internes d’éléments nutritifs et de la connectivité pour la recolonisation des angiospermes dans les lagunes. / The growing awareness of the negative impacts of the degradation of the water quality in coastal lagoons because of eutrophication has resulted in public action aiming at the reduction of the nutrient loadings into these lagoons. Hence, some of these coastal lagoons are currently undergoing ecological restoration and have shown a clear improvement of their water quality linked to decreasing phytoplankton biomass in the last 10 years. However, the response of the benthic macrophytes appears more complex, particularly by showing non-linear behaviour. By using complementary approaches including statistical analyses of long-term observations (1998-2015) and in situ measurements, this thesis aims to describe the dynamics of the macrophytes in space and time and to study their functional role during the oligotrophication process. Salinity, depth and nutrient concentrations in the water column represent the main factors that statistically explain the distribution of the benthic macrophyte communities in Mediterranean coastal lagoons. The first steps of the ecological restoration in eutrophied polyhaline and euhaline lagoons has been inferred from the statistical analysis of time series in 21 coastal lagoons. The reduction of the external nutrient loading results in a rapid regime shift (3-4 years) from a phytoplankton-dominated system to a macroalgae-dominated system, with particularly Ulva species. The decreasing inorganic nitrogen concentrations due to uptake by Ulva spp. in the water column appears to facilitate the development of Gracillaria spp. (red algae) and Chaetomorpha spp. (green filamentous algae). While the appearance of these macroalgal species is the result of the ecological restoration, these species also play a central role in this process by regulating the biogeochemical element fluxes. This way these species create more favourable conditions for perennial species. Although for re-oligotrophication trajectories in coastal lagoons our theory describes a tendency towards the return of perennial species, so far, we have not been able to document their return after a long period of absence. This shows, that among other factors, the internal nutrient loading and ecological connectivity are important factors to take into account for the recolonization of angiosperms in coastal lagoons.

L’objectif de la thèse était de développer un procédé de traitement des lisiers de porc par zone humide artificielle (ZHA) adapté aux contraintes du climat méditerranéen ainsi qu’à celles des éleveurs porcins. Le lisier de porc présentant des teneurs en ammonium (NH4+) toxiques pour les espèces végétales, il a été nécessaire de prétraiter le lisier. Des expérimentations sur le prétraitement du lisier de porc par aération continue (30 jours) à petite (12 litres) et moyenne échelles (300 litres) ont donc été conduites, et ont permis une diminution des concentrations en NH4+ en dessous des seuils de tolérance végétale. Cependant, la volatilisation de l’ammoniac semble avoir été le processus majoritairement à l’origine des abattements observés (phénomène d'ihnibition). Afin d’améliorer la diminution du NH4+, des produits d’ensemencement microbiens commerciaux ont été utilisés sans que leur effet n'ait pu être mis en évidence. Lors des expérimentations à moyenne échelle, le lisier prétraité a été amendé en ZHA (mésocosmes constitués d’un filtre à écoulement vertical suivi d’un filtre à écoulement horizontal). La forte variabilité phénotypique en système expérimental des macrophytes sélectionnés et prélevés dans le milieu naturel environnant (Carex hispida, Typha latifolia, Carex cuprina, Iris pseudacorus, Alisma lanceolatum et Juncus effusus), a été illustrée. Lors des apports en lisier dans la ZHA, les espèces végétales ont répondu différement, soulignant l’intérêt des cortèges multi-spécifiques. Les premiers résultats épuratoires ont été probants. Cependant l’étude des processus épuratoires a mis en lumière la problématique de leur durabilité. / The aim of the thesis was to develop a treatment process of pig manure by constructed wetland (CW) and designed in order to be adapted to the Mediterranean climate constraints and those of pig farmers. However hog manure has concentrations above 2 g.l-1 of ammonium (NH4+), toxic to the plants. It is therefore necessary to establish a slurry pre-treatment step. The thesis has included experiments including pre-treatment of pig slurry by continuous aeration (30 days) to small (12 liters) and medium scale (300 liters). Commercial products for microbial seeding were also used. The results showed that the aeration of pig manure did allow lower concentrations of NH4+ below plant tolerance threshold. However, the ammonia volatilization process appears to be the leading cause behind the observed reductions (inhibition phenomenom). No effect could be demonstrated for microbial treatments. During meso-scale experiments, the CW was amended with the pre-treated slurry (mesocosms made of a vertical flow filter followed by a horizontal flow filter). As a first step, the high phenotypic variability of macrophytes (taken from the natural environment) in experimental system was illustrated and discussed. After manure application, the selected plant species (Carex hispida, Typha latifolia, Carex cuprina Iris pseudacorus, Alisma lanceolatum and Juncus effusus) have presented different responses, emphasizing the importance of multi-species selection for the CW. Finally, the first purifying results were conclusive. However the study of the underlying purifying processes has highlighted the issue of sustainability of these phenomena.

Orientador: Nilton Nobuhiro Imai / Banca: Maria de Lourdes Bueno Trindade Galo / Banca: Júlia Celia Mercedes Strauch / Resumo: Este trabalho relata um estudo de caso, no qual se procedeu a um levantamento ecobatimétrico para se obter dados de profundidade do corpo de água e da altura da vegetação aquática submersa, realizado num trecho do Rio Uberaba, que faz parte do Reservatório de Porto Colômbia, abrangendo uma área de aproximadamente 360 mil m². Os dados foram processados e avaliados com o objetivo principal de desenvolver uma abordagem de inferência espacial no mapeamento de macrófitas submersas presentes na região pesquisada. Para isso, verificou-se a viabilidade do uso de interpoladores convencionais para mapear as variáveis coletadas pelo ecobatímetro, avaliou-se o potencial de imagem multiespectral de alta resolução espacial (QuickBird) na detecção da vegetação estudada, realizou-se uma análise espacial para avaliar tendência para esse tipo de ocorrência e, finalmente, estudou-se a possibilidade de se utilizar técnica de geoestatística na inferência da altura de macrófitas submersas da área de estudo. As interpolações convencionais não se mostraram satisfatoriamente adequadas para mapear a variável altura da vegetação submersa, porém, a utilização da interpolação linear por triangulação foi suficiente para representar adequadamente o relevo submerso. A imagem multiespectral se mostrou capaz de detectar aproximadamente 21% de macrófitas submersas. Com relação à análise espacial, os resultados indicaram que a dependência espacial é uma tendência que deve ser levada em consideração, daí ter sido utilizada a geoestatística na abordagem de inferência espacial da vegetação. A análise dos semivariogramas forneceu conhecimento relacionado aos métodos de levantamentos ecobatimétricos. A inferência espacial por krigagem apresentou resultado satisfatório, comparado às interpolações convencionais mencionadas anteriormente... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: In this work was accomplished a case study in which an echo sounder survey was conducted to obtain data of water body depth and submerged aquatic vegetation height. The study was realized specifically on a region of Uberaba River with approximately 360.000 m². This river is part of the Porto Colombia reservoir. The data was processed and evaluated with main objective to develop an approach of spatial inference for map submersed macrophyte in the region studied. For this, it was verified the availability of using conventional interpolation to map the variables collected by the echo sounder, it was evaluated the potential of multispectral image with high spatial resolution (QuickBird) to detect the vegetation, it was done a spatial analysis and finally it was verified the possibility of using geostatistic technique to infer the submerged macrophytes height in the study area. The use of linear interpolation by triangulation was enough to represent rightly the underwater topography; however, the conventional interpolations were not satisfactorily to map the submerged vegetation height. The multispectral image was able to detect approximately 21% of submerged macrophytes. About spatial analysis, the results indicated that the spatial dependence must be considered, therefore, it was used the geostatistic in the spatial inference of submerged vegetation. Semivariograms analysis provided important knowledge about methods of echo sounder survey. The spatial inference by kriging showed satisfactory results if compared with conventional interpolations mentioned above. Finally, the approach used to mapping submerged macrophytes height can be applied in other regions and this can help the reservoirs management, allowing improve the knowledge about the local ecosystem and therewith developing an action strategy to contain the spread of submerged aquatic vegetation / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:22:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2001-02-25Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:48:52Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 rotta_lhs_me_prud.pdf: 9845813 bytes, checksum: 8afe01cd2ab27aa9636ee65187b34e5d (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Este trabalho relata um estudo de caso, no qual se procedeu a um levantamento ecobatimétrico para se obter dados de profundidade do corpo de água e da altura da vegetação aquática submersa, realizado num trecho do Rio Uberaba, que faz parte do Reservatório de Porto Colômbia, abrangendo uma área de aproximadamente 360 mil m². Os dados foram processados e avaliados com o objetivo principal de desenvolver uma abordagem de inferência espacial no mapeamento de macrófitas submersas presentes na região pesquisada. Para isso, verificou-se a viabilidade do uso de interpoladores convencionais para mapear as variáveis coletadas pelo ecobatímetro, avaliou-se o potencial de imagem multiespectral de alta resolução espacial (QuickBird) na detecção da vegetação estudada, realizou-se uma análise espacial para avaliar tendência para esse tipo de ocorrência e, finalmente, estudou-se a possibilidade de se utilizar técnica de geoestatística na inferência da altura de macrófitas submersas da área de estudo. As interpolações convencionais não se mostraram satisfatoriamente adequadas para mapear a variável altura da vegetação submersa, porém, a utilização da interpolação linear por triangulação foi suficiente para representar adequadamente o relevo submerso. A imagem multiespectral se mostrou capaz de detectar aproximadamente 21% de macrófitas submersas. Com relação à análise espacial, os resultados indicaram que a dependência espacial é uma tendência que deve ser levada em consideração, daí ter sido utilizada a geoestatística na abordagem de inferência espacial da vegetação. A análise dos semivariogramas forneceu conhecimento relacionado aos métodos de levantamentos ecobatimétricos. A inferência espacial por krigagem apresentou resultado satisfatório, comparado às interpolações convencionais mencionadas anteriormente... / In this work was accomplished a case study in which an echo sounder survey was conducted to obtain data of water body depth and submerged aquatic vegetation height. The study was realized specifically on a region of Uberaba River with approximately 360.000 m². This river is part of the Porto Colombia reservoir. The data was processed and evaluated with main objective to develop an approach of spatial inference for map submersed macrophyte in the region studied. For this, it was verified the availability of using conventional interpolation to map the variables collected by the echo sounder, it was evaluated the potential of multispectral image with high spatial resolution (QuickBird) to detect the vegetation, it was done a spatial analysis and finally it was verified the possibility of using geostatistic technique to infer the submerged macrophytes height in the study area. The use of linear interpolation by triangulation was enough to represent rightly the underwater topography; however, the conventional interpolations were not satisfactorily to map the submerged vegetation height. The multispectral image was able to detect approximately 21% of submerged macrophytes. About spatial analysis, the results indicated that the spatial dependence must be considered, therefore, it was used the geostatistic in the spatial inference of submerged vegetation. Semivariograms analysis provided important knowledge about methods of echo sounder survey. The spatial inference by kriging showed satisfactory results if compared with conventional interpolations mentioned above. Finally, the approach used to mapping submerged macrophytes height can be applied in other regions and this can help the reservoirs management, allowing improve the knowledge about the local ecosystem and therewith developing an action strategy to contain the spread of submerged aquatic vegetation

Robust Vallisneria americana was cultured for restoration purposes. Preliminary studies, with various iron treatments, were conducted to ascertain the amount of phosphorous release into the water column from sediments. There was a significant difference in the amount of phosphorous released if commercial sediment was used with a low iron amendment or without an iron amendment. The second study consisted of planting V. americana on two different sediment types while supplying half of the plants with additional CO2. Plants grown on pond sediment with additional CO2 had significantly more biomass. In the third study all plants were grown on pond sediment, and half were treated with CO2. All plants that were treated with additional CO2 had significantly more biomass than those that were aerated.

Thèse numérisée par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

A presente pesquisa teve por objetivo analisar a composição e distribuição das espécies de macrófitas aquáticas no reservatório do Lobo (Broa), em quatro períodos do ano de 2007: março, maio, agosto e novembro. Para atender os objetivos propostos, variáveis limnológicas envolvendo os compartimentos água (pH, condutividade, temperatura, oxigênio dissolvido, clorofila, formas nitrogenadas e fosfatadas, silicato reativo e material em suspensão) e sedimento (granulometria, matéria orgânica, fósforo e nitrogênio) foram analisadas em 8 pontos de amostragem na região litorânea do reservatório. Simultaneamente, exemplares de macrófitas foram fotografados e coletados para identificação, buscando-se uma relação com as características limnológicas, hidrológicas (vazão e tempo de residência) e climatológicas (temperatura do ar, precipitação, vento e radiação). Os resultados da análise das variáveis físicas, químicas e biológicas dos diversos pontos de amostragem mostraram que existe uma diferenciação espacial e temporal no reservatório, verificando-se aumento do grau de trofia do mesmo em relação aos estudos anteriores. Quanto à composição e distribuição das macrófitas, estas se encontram mais concentradas na área alagada formada pelo barramento das águas do rio Itaqueri e ribeirão do Lobo, embora a maior riqueza de espécies tenha ocorrido no ribeirão do Lobo e córrego das Perdizes, sendo mais elevada em comparação com estudos anteriores. A distribuição espacial e temporal das macrófitas aquáticas apresenta relação com as características morfométricas, hidrodinâmicas e com o aporte de nutrientes pelos tributários, além das condições climatológicas, que inserem modificações na dinâmica do reservatório e, conseqüentemente, no estabelecimento e estruturação das comunidades. / The objective of this study was to examine the composition and distribution of aquatic macrophytes species in the Lobo reservoir (Broa) in four periods of the year 2007: March, May, August and November. To achieve the proposed objectives, limnological variables involving water (pH, conductivity, temperature, dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll, nitrogen and phosphated forms and reactive silicate) and sediment (grain, organic matter, phosphorus and nitrogen) compartments were analyzed at 8 sample stations in the littoral region of the reservoir. Meanwhile, samples of macrophytes were photographed and collected for identification, seeking a relationship with the limnological, hydrological (flow and length of residence time) and weather (air temperature, precipitation, wind and radiation) characteristics. The results of physical, chemical and biological variables of the various sample points showed that there is a spatial and temporal differentiation in the reservoir, verifying the increasing of the trophic levels in relation to previous studies. As to the composition and distribution of macrophytes, they are more concentrated in the flooded area formed by the barred waters of Itaqueri river and Lobo river, although the greatest wealth of species has occurred in Lobo river and Perdizes, being higher compared with earlier studies. The spatial and temporal distribution of aquatic macrophytes presents relationship with the morphometric and hydrodynamic characteristics and intake of nutrients by the rivers, in addition to climatic conditions, which inserts changes in the dynamics of the reservoir and, consequently, the establishment and structure of communities.

Orientador: Antonio Fernando Monteiro Camargo / Banca: Massanori Takaki / Banca: Raoul Henry / Banca: Denise de Campos Bicudo / Banca: Marcelo L.M. Pompêo / Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a distribuição das macrófitas aquáticas em rios da planície costeira da bacia do rio Itanhaém. A abordagem adotada foi uma combinação de estudos observacionais e experimentais. No primeiro capítulo, estudou-se a distribuição das macrófitas aquáticas em relação a variáveis ambientais da água e do sedimento em 97 km de rios em duas estações do ano (verão e inverno). A salinidade foi a principal variável ambiental responsável pela separação das macróf5tas aquáticas em duas comunidades distintas, a do estuário e a dos rios. As principais espécies que ocorreram no estuário foram Spartina alterniflora. Crinum procerum e Scirpus califhrnicus, sendo que a primeira ocorreu em trechos de maior salinidade, a segunda em trechos com salinidade intermediária e a última em trechos de menor salinidade. As espécies de água doce mais freqüentes foram Egeria densa, Eichhornia azurea, Eichhornia crassipes. Pistia stratiotes, e Salvínia molesta. Egeria densa tendeu a ocorrer em trechos com maior transparência. menor nitrogênio total e maior fração areia no sedimento. Eichhornia azurea tendeu a ocorrer em locais com alta transparência e baixas concentrações de nitrogénio total. Finja siratiotes tendeu a ocorrer em trechos de rios com maiores concentrações de nitrogênio total na água. A freqüência de ocorrência das principais espécies não diferiu entre o verão e o inverno, provavelmente devido a ausência de uma estação seca. No segundo capítulo, se estudou a ocorrência das macrófitas aquáticas em função da vegetação ciliar e da morfologia de canal em três trcchos distintos de rios. No estuário do rio ltanhaém. a ocorrência de macrófitas aquáticas emergentes foi correlacionada com o sombreamento das árvores de mangue e a declividadc da área litorânea... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo). / Abstract: The aim of this research was to study the distribution of aquatic macrophytes in coastal piam rivers of ltanhaém basin. lhe research approach was based on observational and experimental studies. In the first chapter, the distribution of aquatic macrophyte was correlated to water and sediment environmental variables in 97 km of rivers and in two periods (summer and winter). Salinity was the most important environmental variable to separate the aquatie rnacrophytes in two distinct communities: estuarine and freshwater communities. The main species found in the estuary were Spartina alterniflora, Crinum procerum and Scirpus califohiicus. lhe first species was found in water with higher salinity, the second in water with intermediate salinity and the Iatter in less saline water. lhe most frequent &eshwater species were Egeria densa, Eichhornia azurea, Eichhornia crassipes, Pistia strarioles and Sal Wnia molesta. Egeria densa tended to be present in river sections with high water transparence. low total nitrogen, and high sand fraction in sediment. Eichhornia azurea tended to occur in sections with high water transparence and low total nitrogen. Pistia stratiotes tendecl to occur in river sections with high total nitrogen. lhe &equency of occurrence aquatic macrophyrtes did not significantly differed hetween sunimer and winter. due probably to the absence of a dry season. In the second chapter, we investigated the influence of riparian vegetation and stream channel morphology on aquatie rnacrophyte distribution in three streams with dstinguished landscape. In the estuary of ltanhaëm River, the occurrence of emergent rnacrophytes was correlated with mangrove shading and slope of littoral region. In Preto River... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below). / Doutor

Orientador: Antonio Fernando Monteiro Camargo / Banca: Reinaldo Monteiro / Banca: Irineu Bianchini Junior / Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a dinâmica de populações de três espécies de macrófitas aquáticas emersas, Spartina alterniflora, Crinum procerum e Scirpus californicus, tanto em bancos monoespecíficos (localizados no rio Itanhaém, rio Acima e rio Branco, respectivamente) quanto em um banco pluriespecífico (localizado no rio ltanhaém). Foram fixados 5 quadrados de 0,25 m2 em cada banco e, mensalmente (entre agosto/2000 a junho/2001), contados os números de folhas verdes, folhas senescentes, folhas jovens, inflorescências e altura de cada espécie. Paralelamente, foram estudadas algumas variáveis limnológicas da água e do sedimento. Foram observadas variações sazonais em algumas das variáveis, tanto das biológicas quanto das limnólogicas. Nos bancos monoespecíficos, S. alterniflora e C. procerum apresentaram maior número de folhas verdes na primavera e verão (indicando serem estes os períodos favoráveis ao seu desenvolvimento) e maiores quantidades de folhas senescentes durante o outono (indicando ser este o período desfavorável); S. californicus não apresentou variação significativa durante o período estudado. No banco pluriespecífico os valores de todas variáveis biológicas foram menores do que nos monoespecíficos indicando que, provavelmente, ocorreu competição entre as espécies; o padrão sazonal de S. alterniflora e C. procerum pareceu ser inversamente proporcional, o que evitaria a exclusão competitiva das espécies; o padrão sazonal de S. californicus foi concordante com o observado no banco monoespecifico. Provavelmente, as temperaturas mais baixas do inverno limitem o crescimento de S. alterniflora e C. procerum, enquanto que as maiores temperaturas do verão favoreçam seus desenvolvimentos / Abstract: The purpose of this research was to study the populational dynamics of three species of emergent aquatic macrophytes, Spartina alterniflora, Crinum procerum and Scirpus californicus, both in singie-species stands (Iocated at ltanhaem River, Acima River and Branco River, respectively) and a rnixedspecies stand (Iocated at ltanhaern River). 5 quadrats of 0,25 m2 were fixed in each stand and, rnonthly (between august, 2000 to june, 2001), counted the number of green leaves, dying leaves, young leaves, flowering and height of each species. In paraliel, some limnological variables of water and sediment were studied. Seasonal variations in some of the variabies were observed, both biologics and iimnologics. In the singie-species stands, S. alterniflora and C. procerum showed higher numbers of green leaves in spring and summer (pointing out to be the favorable seasons to their development) and higher num bers of dying leaves in autumn (pointing out to be the unfavorable season); S. californicus did not show a significant variation on the biometrical data during the studied period. In the mixed-species stand the vaiues of ali biologic variabies were iower, indicating that, probably, there was competition among the species; the seasonai pattern of S. alterniflora and C. procerum apparentiy was inverseiy proportional, which wouid avoid competitive exciusion of the species; the seasonal pattern of S. californicus was the sarne that observed on the singiespecies stand. Probably, the iowest temperatures during winter iimit the growth of S. alterniflora and C. procerum whiie the highest values of temperature in surnmer allow their deveiopment. Due to the mono specific stands frorn these species are located along a salinity gradient, it's suggested the use of those species as bio-indicators of saiinity in the itanhaern River basin / Mestre

O crescente desenvolvimento populacional, industrial e a expansão agrícola vêm contribuindo de forma significativa para o aporte de nutrientes e metais nos ecossistemas aquáticos, interferindo na composição e estrutura das comunidades, dentre elas as macrófitas, ocasionando desequilíbrio ambiental, com perda das funções e serviços ecossistêmicos. Entre os diversos elementos inseridos de forma direta e indireta nos corpos hídricos, destacam-se fósforo, cobre e zinco, os quais, apesar de serem fundamentais para o metabolismo biológico, quando em excesso tornam-se prejudiciais, requerendo avaliações mais efetivas, de forma a melhor compreender e prevenir os potenciais riscos da exposição biológica a estes elementos estressores. Considerando o acima exposto, o objetivo da presente pesquisa foi avaliar o efeito do metal cobre sobre o desenvolvimento da macrófita Pistia stratiotes e o efeito dos metais cobre e zinco sobre o desenvolvimento e capacidade bioacumuladora da macrófita Azolla filiculoides, em diferentes concentrações de fósforo, por meio de testes ecotoxicológicos. Para tanto, aspectos nutricionais (nitrogênio, fósforo, cobre total e clorofila a e total) e de desenvolvimento (biomassa, TCR, número de folhas nascidas, ganho de diâmetro, altura e largura foliar, número de raízes nascidas, comprimento das raízes principais, clorose e necrose foliar) foram avaliados em estudos laboratoriais para P. stratiotes e aspectos nutricionais (todos acima citados) e de desenvolvimento (biomassa e TCR) para A. filiculoides. Pelos resultados obtidos verifica-se que os metais cobre e zinco, nas concentrações testadas, ocasionaram interferência no desenvolvimento e nutrição das macrófitas, sendo a maior sensibilidade ao cobre observada para P. stratiotes, registrando-se efeitos de maior toxicidade do cobre em relação ao zinco em ambas as macrófitas. Verificou-se, ainda, que o fósforo proporcionou maior proteção a A. filiculoides contra o efeito dos metais conforme o aumento de sua concentração e já no teste ecotoxicológico com P. stratiotes não foram registradas diferenças significativas em função do aumento das concentrações de fósforo. Dessa maneira, conclui-se que o metal cobre causou maior toxicidade às macrófitas do que o zinco, principalmente em concentrações mais baixas de fósforo, verificando-se maior capacidade bioacumuladora da espécie A. filiculoides quando comparada com P. stratiotes. / The increasing population and industrial growth and the agricultural expansion have contributed significantly to the supply of nutrients and metals in aquatic ecosystems, affecting the composition and structure of communities, among them the macrophytes, causing environmental imbalance, with loss of ecosystem functions and services. Among the various elements inserted directly and indirectly on water bodies, phosphorus, copper and zinc stand out, which, despite being fundamental to the biological metabolism, when in excess become harmful, and assessments that are more effective are required to better understand and prevent the potential risks of biological exposure to these stressors. Considering the above, the objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of copper metal on the development of the macrophyte Pistia stratiotes and the effect of copper and zinc metals on the development and the bioaccumulation capacity of the macrophyte Azolla filiculoides, in different concentrations of phosphorus, through ecotoxicological tests. To do that, nutritional (nitrogen, phosphorus, copper total and chlorophyll a and total) and development (biomass, RGR, number of leafs born, diameter gain, leaf height and width, number of roots born, length of the main roots, leaf chlorosis and necrosis) aspects were evaluated in laboratory studies for P. stratiotes and nutritional (all above) and development (biomass and RGR) aspects for A. filiculoides. From the results obtained it appears that the metals copper and zinc, on the tested concentrations, caused interference in the development and nutrition of the macrophytes, where more sensitivity to copper was observed for P. stratiotes, and the effects of enhanced toxicity of copper relative to zinc in both macrophytes. It was also found that the phosphorus provided greater protection to A. filiculoides against the effects of metals as its concentration was increased and, on the ecotoxicological test with P. stratiotes, no significant differences where found with the increasing concentrations of phosphorus. Thus, it is concluded that the copper metal has caused more toxicity to macrophytes than zinc, especially at lower concentrations of phosphorus, and was verified a greater bioaccumulation capacity on the A. filiculoides species when compared to P. stratiotes.