O presente trabalho tem por objetivo propor aproximações entre os autores Câmara Cascudo e Oscar Ribas. O primeiro pertencente ao sistema literário brasileiro e o segundo ao angolano. Buscamos a comparação entre ambos, considerando as semelhanças entre seus percursos. Ao longo de suas carreiras, os autores dividiram-se entre a produção literária e a pesquisa folclórica. A proposta que executamos apropria-se do conceito de macrossistema literário defendido por Benjamin Abdala Júnior. Em sua perspectiva, macrossistema é definido pelos contatos que podem ser estabelecidos entre os sistemas literários nacionais no contexto das literaturas de língua portuguesa. Nosso estudo centra-se sobre dois romances: Canto de muro (1959) de Câmara Cascudo e Uanga (feitiço) (1951) de Oscar Ribas. A análise destas obras nos permite apreciar textos fracionados entre o fazer literário e o compromisso com a divulgação de dados de pesquisa. A dualidade nas carreiras dos intelectuais é espelhada na composição de seus romances. Realizamos também uma leitura do livro de ensaios Made in África (1965) de Câmara Cascudo, no qual nos deparamos com um Cascudo leitor de Oscar Ribas e preocupado com os matizes africanos da cultura brasileira. / The present work aims to propose some relations between the writers Câmara Cascudo and Oscar Ribas considering the similarity in their literary journey, the former belonging to the Brazilian literary system and the latter to the Angolan literary system. During their careers, those writers dedicated themselves to the literary production as well as the research on folklore. The study approach is the concept of literary macrosystem defended by Benjamin Abdala Júnior, which is defined by the contacts that can be established among the national literary systems in the context of Portuguese-language literatures. It focuses on two novels, Câmara Cascudo\'s Canto de muro (1959) and Oscar Ribas\'s Uanga (feitiço) (1951). The analysis of both works allows us to appreciate texts parceled into the literary making and the commitment to publishing their researches. That dualism in both intellectual careers is reflected in the composition of their novels. The reading of Câmara Cascudo\'s essay book, Made in África (1965), has allowed us to see Câmara Cascudo as a reader of Oscar Ribas\'s works and a writer concerned about the African hue of Brazilian culture.

<p>Information overload förekommer på alla arbetsplatser där informationsbearbetning är viktigt för arbetsprocesserna. I vissa fall kan information overload medföra allvarliga konsekvenser både för den enskilda medarbetaren och för verksamheten i stort. På akutmottagningen på Centrallasarettet i Växjö har sjuksköterskorna en viktig roll som samordnare av den information som används i patientarbetet. Syftet med denna undersökning är att undersöka vilka faktorer som främst orsakar information overload hos sjuksköterskorna på akutmottagningen CLV, samt att undersöka hur fenomenet IO påverkar vårdkvaliteten.</p><p>Under mars och april 2007 genomfördes intervjuer med sju sjuksköterskor på den aktuella akutmottagningen utifrån en frågemall som utformats med hjälp av aktuell forskning på information overload. Resultatanalysen skedde utifrån en specifik orsakstabell som tagits från en litteratursammanställning av Eppler och Mengis (2004). Orsakstabellen utgår ifrån fem specifika områden - personliga faktorer, informationens karaktär, arbetsuppgifter och processparametrar, organisatorisk design samt informationsteknologi. Studien har genomförts utifrån en kvalitativ ansats.</p><p>Undersökningen visar att sjuksköterskorna på akutmottagningen ofta drabbas av information overload, och att riskfaktorer finns i samtliga fem ovanstående kategorier. Flera av deltagarna upplever regelbundet information overload-relaterade symtom och detta riskerar att hota patientsäkerheten på mottagningen. Dessutom leder det till minskad arbetstillfredsställelse hos sjuksköterskorna. Slutligen konstateras att en ordentlig informationsplan behöver upprättas för att rätta till de missförhållanden som orsakar information overload. Det är framför allt viktigt att informationen är relevant och hanterbar för att höja patientsäkerheten och vårdkvaliteten.</p> / <p>Information overload exists in all organisations where information processing is important for the work process. In some cases information overload is a serious threat to both the individual who suffers from it and to the organisation at large. At the emergency department at the Central Hospital in Växjö the nurses have an important function as coordinators of the information used in the patient treatments. The purpose of this study is to find out which factors primarily cause information overload in the emergency department and what implication this has on the quality of care given there.</p><p>In March and April of 2007 seven nurses were interviewed on the subject of information overload. Through a literary review relevant questions were formed for the interviews. The analysis of the answers were conducted from a table by Eppler and Mengis (2004) illustrating the causes of information overload. The table has five sub categories, personal factors, information characteristics, task and process parameters, organizational design and information technology. The study has a qualitative approach.</p><p>The result shows that the nurses at the ED are often affected by information overload, and that risk factors exist in all five sub categories mentioned above. Several nurses regularly experience symptoms caused by information overload, and this is a threat to patient safety at the ED. It also causes dissatisfaction in the daily work. Finally we conclude that a proper information plan is needed in order to find solutions to the problem. The information needs to be relevant and manageable to increase patient safety and the quality of care.</p>

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo propor aproximações entre os autores Câmara Cascudo e Oscar Ribas. O primeiro pertencente ao sistema literário brasileiro e o segundo ao angolano. Buscamos a comparação entre ambos, considerando as semelhanças entre seus percursos. Ao longo de suas carreiras, os autores dividiram-se entre a produção literária e a pesquisa folclórica. A proposta que executamos apropria-se do conceito de macrossistema literário defendido por Benjamin Abdala Júnior. Em sua perspectiva, macrossistema é definido pelos contatos que podem ser estabelecidos entre os sistemas literários nacionais no contexto das literaturas de língua portuguesa. Nosso estudo centra-se sobre dois romances: Canto de muro (1959) de Câmara Cascudo e Uanga (feitiço) (1951) de Oscar Ribas. A análise destas obras nos permite apreciar textos fracionados entre o fazer literário e o compromisso com a divulgação de dados de pesquisa. A dualidade nas carreiras dos intelectuais é espelhada na composição de seus romances. Realizamos também uma leitura do livro de ensaios Made in África (1965) de Câmara Cascudo, no qual nos deparamos com um Cascudo leitor de Oscar Ribas e preocupado com os matizes africanos da cultura brasileira. / The present work aims to propose some relations between the writers Câmara Cascudo and Oscar Ribas considering the similarity in their literary journey, the former belonging to the Brazilian literary system and the latter to the Angolan literary system. During their careers, those writers dedicated themselves to the literary production as well as the research on folklore. The study approach is the concept of literary macrosystem defended by Benjamin Abdala Júnior, which is defined by the contacts that can be established among the national literary systems in the context of Portuguese-language literatures. It focuses on two novels, Câmara Cascudo\'s Canto de muro (1959) and Oscar Ribas\'s Uanga (feitiço) (1951). The analysis of both works allows us to appreciate texts parceled into the literary making and the commitment to publishing their researches. That dualism in both intellectual careers is reflected in the composition of their novels. The reading of Câmara Cascudo\'s essay book, Made in África (1965), has allowed us to see Câmara Cascudo as a reader of Oscar Ribas\'s works and a writer concerned about the African hue of Brazilian culture.

Information overload förekommer på alla arbetsplatser där informationsbearbetning är viktigt för arbetsprocesserna. I vissa fall kan information overload medföra allvarliga konsekvenser både för den enskilda medarbetaren och för verksamheten i stort. På akutmottagningen på Centrallasarettet i Växjö har sjuksköterskorna en viktig roll som samordnare av den information som används i patientarbetet. Syftet med denna undersökning är att undersöka vilka faktorer som främst orsakar information overload hos sjuksköterskorna på akutmottagningen CLV, samt att undersöka hur fenomenet IO påverkar vårdkvaliteten. Under mars och april 2007 genomfördes intervjuer med sju sjuksköterskor på den aktuella akutmottagningen utifrån en frågemall som utformats med hjälp av aktuell forskning på information overload. Resultatanalysen skedde utifrån en specifik orsakstabell som tagits från en litteratursammanställning av Eppler och Mengis (2004). Orsakstabellen utgår ifrån fem specifika områden - personliga faktorer, informationens karaktär, arbetsuppgifter och processparametrar, organisatorisk design samt informationsteknologi. Studien har genomförts utifrån en kvalitativ ansats. Undersökningen visar att sjuksköterskorna på akutmottagningen ofta drabbas av information overload, och att riskfaktorer finns i samtliga fem ovanstående kategorier. Flera av deltagarna upplever regelbundet information overload-relaterade symtom och detta riskerar att hota patientsäkerheten på mottagningen. Dessutom leder det till minskad arbetstillfredsställelse hos sjuksköterskorna. Slutligen konstateras att en ordentlig informationsplan behöver upprättas för att rätta till de missförhållanden som orsakar information overload. Det är framför allt viktigt att informationen är relevant och hanterbar för att höja patientsäkerheten och vårdkvaliteten. / Information overload exists in all organisations where information processing is important for the work process. In some cases information overload is a serious threat to both the individual who suffers from it and to the organisation at large. At the emergency department at the Central Hospital in Växjö the nurses have an important function as coordinators of the information used in the patient treatments. The purpose of this study is to find out which factors primarily cause information overload in the emergency department and what implication this has on the quality of care given there. In March and April of 2007 seven nurses were interviewed on the subject of information overload. Through a literary review relevant questions were formed for the interviews. The analysis of the answers were conducted from a table by Eppler and Mengis (2004) illustrating the causes of information overload. The table has five sub categories, personal factors, information characteristics, task and process parameters, organizational design and information technology. The study has a qualitative approach. The result shows that the nurses at the ED are often affected by information overload, and that risk factors exist in all five sub categories mentioned above. Several nurses regularly experience symptoms caused by information overload, and this is a threat to patient safety at the ED. It also causes dissatisfaction in the daily work. Finally we conclude that a proper information plan is needed in order to find solutions to the problem. The information needs to be relevant and manageable to increase patient safety and the quality of care.

This current study addresses potential impediments to attachment that may differentiate between incarcerated juveniles who have committed sexual crimes and incarcerated juveniles who have not committed such offenses. The exploration of such potential barriers to attachment has been organized around Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Model. Subjects were 2948 incarcerated male adolescents adjudicated to the Virginia Department of Juvenile Justice and were divided based solely upon adjudicating offense: Juvenile non-violent, non-sexual offenders (JNVNSO, n=1149), Juvenile violent, non-sexual offenders (JVNSO, n=1433) and Juvenile sexual offenders (JSO, n=366). Results indicated that JSOs differed from JNVNSOs and JVNSOs in their histories of sexual abuse as well as placements in foster care. Attachment impairment and the number of risk factors present were also found to be significantly related. Future research directions and potential policy repercussions are also addressed.

<p>I och med att fler och fler datasystem används som informationsbärare inom hälso- och sjukvården, blir verksamheterna också sårbara på ett sätt som de inte varit tidigare.</p><p>Hoten mot informationsförsörjningen kan vara både interna och externa. Exempel på interna hot är de egna medarbetarnas brist på säkerhetstänkande och externa hot kan vara virusangrepp och hackers, men också strömavbrott eller andra kommunikationsavbrott.</p><p>Rapporten är en kartläggning av och en kunskapsinventering av reservrutiner i Landstinget Kronoberg.</p><p>Under april och maj 2007 skickade vi ut en webbenkät till ett urval av medarbetare vid de båda driftenheterna. 200 användare valdes slumpvis ut, 50 stycken från vardera yrkeskategorin läkarsekreterare, läkare, undersköterskor och sjuksköterskor.</p><p>Svarsfrekvensen blev 50 %.</p><p>Vi har i rapporten kommit fram till att de tillfrågade medarbetarna tycker att reservrutiner är viktigt, men långt från alla vet inte vad reservrutiner är eller hur de arbetats fram. Det har framkommit att många anser att journaluppgifter inte förs in rätt i den datoriserade journalen efter ett driftstopp, då reservrutiner använts. P.g.a. detta finns överhängande risk att man förlorar Landstinget Kronobergs vision om ”en patient – en journal”.</p><p>Det visar sig att medarbetare är kunniga och väl införstådda i reservrutinsarbetet men stora</p><p>brister i det allmänna säkerhetstänkandet finns.</p><p>Enheternas ledningar har inte följt upp användningen av reservrutiner. Inte heller granskat eller reflekterat över arbetet med reservrutiner.</p><p>Vi avslutar rapporten med förslag till åtgärder av de brister vi kommit fram till.</p> / <p>Since information technology has become the main carrier of information in healthcare service, we can see how these organizations now face a number of new threats. The treaths against information support can be either internal or external. An internal threat can for example be lack of security thinkning, whereas external threats can be power failures.</p><p>The essay is a survey over and an inventory of backup procedures and routines in the county council of Kronoberg, Sweden.</p><p>Data was obtained by sending out a questionnaire via county council intranet. 200 users of the EHR in the county council were selected; 50 physicians, 50 nurses, 50 assistant nurses and 50 medical secretaries. A total of 100 persons answered the questionnaire (i.e. a response rate of 50 %).</p><p>To sum up our result of the survey, we can make the following statements:</p><p>• all of the respondents think that backup procedures and routines are important for the organization</p><p>• relatively many are ignorant about the existence of backup routines and procedures</p><p>• a serious conclusion of the survey, is that many respondents regards that documentation is done incorrectly from the backup procedures in to EHR after an incident or system failure (EHR)</p><p>• the majority of the units management staff/management teams at the micro system level has not revised the backup routines on a regular basis.</p>

I och med att fler och fler datasystem används som informationsbärare inom hälso- och sjukvården, blir verksamheterna också sårbara på ett sätt som de inte varit tidigare. Hoten mot informationsförsörjningen kan vara både interna och externa. Exempel på interna hot är de egna medarbetarnas brist på säkerhetstänkande och externa hot kan vara virusangrepp och hackers, men också strömavbrott eller andra kommunikationsavbrott. Rapporten är en kartläggning av och en kunskapsinventering av reservrutiner i Landstinget Kronoberg. Under april och maj 2007 skickade vi ut en webbenkät till ett urval av medarbetare vid de båda driftenheterna. 200 användare valdes slumpvis ut, 50 stycken från vardera yrkeskategorin läkarsekreterare, läkare, undersköterskor och sjuksköterskor. Svarsfrekvensen blev 50 %. Vi har i rapporten kommit fram till att de tillfrågade medarbetarna tycker att reservrutiner är viktigt, men långt från alla vet inte vad reservrutiner är eller hur de arbetats fram. Det har framkommit att många anser att journaluppgifter inte förs in rätt i den datoriserade journalen efter ett driftstopp, då reservrutiner använts. P.g.a. detta finns överhängande risk att man förlorar Landstinget Kronobergs vision om ”en patient – en journal”. Det visar sig att medarbetare är kunniga och väl införstådda i reservrutinsarbetet men stora brister i det allmänna säkerhetstänkandet finns. Enheternas ledningar har inte följt upp användningen av reservrutiner. Inte heller granskat eller reflekterat över arbetet med reservrutiner. Vi avslutar rapporten med förslag till åtgärder av de brister vi kommit fram till. / Since information technology has become the main carrier of information in healthcare service, we can see how these organizations now face a number of new threats. The treaths against information support can be either internal or external. An internal threat can for example be lack of security thinkning, whereas external threats can be power failures. The essay is a survey over and an inventory of backup procedures and routines in the county council of Kronoberg, Sweden. Data was obtained by sending out a questionnaire via county council intranet. 200 users of the EHR in the county council were selected; 50 physicians, 50 nurses, 50 assistant nurses and 50 medical secretaries. A total of 100 persons answered the questionnaire (i.e. a response rate of 50 %). To sum up our result of the survey, we can make the following statements: • all of the respondents think that backup procedures and routines are important for the organization • relatively many are ignorant about the existence of backup routines and procedures • a serious conclusion of the survey, is that many respondents regards that documentation is done incorrectly from the backup procedures in to EHR after an incident or system failure (EHR) • the majority of the units management staff/management teams at the micro system level has not revised the backup routines on a regular basis.

Although there has been increasing research on HIV/AIDS and children, albeit mostly outside the school environment, most research in the area tends to view 'children as objects' (Christensen and James, 1999) in the research process whereby the change in the child is what is being observed. This view lessens the role of the child and as such means that the results are inadequate - mostly the researcher's perspective is represented. In Zimbabwe, with an estimated 1.1 million AIDS orphans and 115,000 children under 14 living with HIV/AIDS, not much empirical research has been conducted in school settings where they spend most of their time; the complexities of infected and affected students' experiences within the school-home-community spheres are mostly inferred due to lack of empirical research. Using Bronfenbrenner's Ecological System's Theory and the Capability Approach to adopt a holistic psychosocio-cultural lens, the research aims to understand the experiences of infected and affected students from their perspectives within their school, home and community environments. Added to observations, in-depth interviews based on data collected using photography, drawings, timelines, sociograms and student diaries were conducted with 65 boys and 27 girls aged 10 -13 years from a rural primary school during the months of August to December 2011. In-depth interviews were also conducted with 161 parents and caregivers. Also interviewed were 13 stakeholders comprising of a Senior Research Officer within the Ministry of Education, District Education Officer, 5 Teachers and their Principal, a District Councilor, the Chief, a village head, a local Baptist Minister and a research staff person from, FACT, a local NGO that works with AIDS orphans. Among children, findings point to dilapidating issues of stigma, abandonment, unaddressed emotional and physical needs; children relied on each other's advice more than that of teachers and caregivers. Among the adult community, the education authorities and community leaders who are custodians of their education, ignorance about infected and affected children is astounding. An ageing population of caregivers is barely able to deal with the complexities of infected children. Religion has a powerful negative influence on addressing HIV/AIDS issues. Teachers, citing taboo issues about sex and the fact that HIV/AIDS is not an exam at the school, refused to broach the subject. Education Officials at the time clearly pointed out that there has been no research nor any plans yet to address this population and their needs. Further research will need to be conducted for educational planning that will be most effective in implementing meaningful changes for this group and other rural primary school children.