The liberalization of cross Strait tourism not only is essential to mere financial benefit, but also will drive the political movement and economical strategy. The development of tourism policy is at the same time affecting the momentum of interflow in the private sector across the Strait. In coordination with the ¡§Tourist Doubling Program¡¨, the Ministry of Interior has revised the policy on ¡§Regulations Governing the Permission for Mainland Personnel to Come to Taiwan for Tourism Activities,¡¨ which called off the ¡§Group-in, Group-out¡¨ rule for Category III Mainland tourists . This means Mainland Chinese who stays overseas could travel to Taiwan even alone. Deregulating this rule is considered to be effective in promoting cross Strait tourism and cultural exchange. ¡§Complete Liberalization the Visits by Mainland Tourists to Taiwan,¡¨ is a determined government policy and could be seen as the prelude of ¡§Three Links (links in mail, transportation and trading).¡¨ Taiwan travel agencies are anticipating eagerly on Taiwan government¡¦s liberalization of Category I Mainland tourists through political negotiation after the admission of Category II and III tourists to visit Taiwan since January 2002. This research reveals the problems which might arise from the ¡§Complete Liberalization the Visits by Mainland Tourists to Taiwan,¡¨ and the ways both government and tourism industry would take to solve these problems. This research acknowledges that supporting measures for the ¡§Complete Liberalization the Visits by Mainland Tourists to Taiwan¡¨ should be devised. While using Mainland tourist management experiences in HK, USA and Japan as reference, this research also touches the issues of currently implemented regulation for Category II and III tourists, such as quantity entry control, prior material screening, immigration security, itinerary management, guarantee fund system, quota management, group-in/group-out, custom route arrangement, certificate identification, stowaways prevention, overstay, etc. The core objectives of this research are to share my research findings, conclusions and suggestions for the strategic planning of government and for the reference to the tourism industry, as well apply them for practical use.

ABSTRACT An investigative study of Taiwan¡¦s temporary placement policy, management approaches and strategies concerning fishery workers imported from Mainland China From the perspectives of ¡¥economic repercussion,¡¦ ¡¥social impact,¡¦ ¡¥regulation¡¦ and ¡¥¡¦managerial strategy¡¦, this research seeks to derive, not only from the discussion of the necessity of employing mainland workers in Taiwan¡¦s fishing industry but also the examination of policy concerning the temporary placement of Mainland workers while working onboard Taiwanese fishing vessels, the core issues and bottlenecks facing Taiwan¡¦s imports of fishery workers from Mainland and the discrepancies between what we intend to and what we¡¦ve been able to achieve through the implementation of such policy. Researches have shown that by importing fishery workers from Mainland, Taiwan has indeed been able to temporarily alleviate the various problems caused by the labor shortage in its fishing industry. What¡¦s more, it has long become a regular practice for the Taiwanese government to formulate its policy concerning fishery workers¡¦ management and their temporary placement through the usual process of policy-making, after having taken Taiwan¡¦s national security into consideration. Similarly, the fishing-boat operators have been determining their own course of action regarding the placement and management of their employees. Their eventual decisions are more often than not based on what they perceive is the most cost-effective and also their personal preference and past experience in dealing with Mainland workers. However, several issues have been brought to surface by the researchers after they revealed evidence obtained from the study of historical facts, policy analysis and field interview. These issues include but are not limited to the following: one, the over-reliance of the Taiwanese fishing industry on the Mainland workers; two, the inefficiency and ineffectiveness of the managing policy regarding the Mainland workers; and three, the lack of descent living conditions and the inadequate basic human rights granted to the Mainland workers. Several other issues have also been brought to attention after further analysis. Fishing boat operators and those involved with the Taiwan Provincial Fishery Association have expressed their concerns over the development and transformation of Taiwan¡¦s fishing industry. Most believe that problems such as the lack of governmental guidance, the strict application of fishing policy, the precarious fishing boat operating environment and the difficulty of transforming Taiwanese fishing industry will only be exacerbated by a ban on imports of fishery workers from Mainland. Such concerns only further confirm the fact that Chinese workers are vital not only to Taiwan¡¦s traditional fishing industry but also to the recreational fishing business. This research ends with the conclusion that mainland Chinese fishery workers are the major labor force needed for the development of Taiwan¡¦s fishing industry. The delicate political state between Taiwan and the Mainland however, has given rise to the many problems we see today in the employment process and placement management concerning Mainland fishery workers. Analysts have argued that the Taiwanese authority should pragmatically bring up such issues into discussion with its Mainland counterparts under the guideline of ¡¥general business affairs¡¦ in order to effectively resolve employment issues and to open up channels for more constructive dialogues. Furthermore, having taken into consideration matters such as national security and economic development, the authorities concerned need to improve the policy and guidelines under which temporary placement management is carried out and the protection of human rights is guaranteed in order to maximize the development of Taiwan¡¦s fishing industry and to broaden safety provisions for everyone involved.

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According to the statistical information of WTO, Japan is an important outbound tourist market in Asia. By the way, it owns high consumption. Therefore, the Japan tourist is the important tourist market which all states want to strive for. Since 1980, Accounts for the total number of the foreigner to mainland China that Japanese occupies most. So far, the number of the Japan tourist travel to mainland China is growing. The reasons include that the outbound tourist in Japan has a massive increase; Recently, the Japanese is interest in a short itinerary; the number of scheduled flight between mainland China and Japan is unceasingly increases; rich world inheritance in mainland China has the high well-known; the price index in mainland China is lower; Japanese has more vacation than before; Chinese and Japan's historical culture approaches very much. If the mainland China wants to increase Japanese tourists, the author suggests that the quality of tourist service and facilities has to upgrade¡Fto attract the tourism market of juvenile and the feminine.

In past decades, the location of resources was placed on building and guiding how to improve manufacturing in both cross-strait, and Taiwan and Mainland China were benefited from this. The characteristic of industry in cross-strait has no differentiation, and, because of raising cost for labor and rent, reduce the comparative advantages. Furthermore, Know-How is becoming main bargaining chip for this age, so the problems are how to solve crises caused by lacking of comparative advantages, how to transformation of industry, and how to ensure vitality of innovation to the primary industry or traditional industry. ¡§Cultural Industries¡¨ catches attentions from about 1994. This year, Council for Cultural Affairs of R.O.C. addressed an advocate for community building, and this idea attracted attentions from all circles, because it gathered culture and industry, industrial and local development together, to solve unemployment. In governmental project ¡§Challenge 2008 ¡V National Development Plan¡¨, ¡§Cultural and Creative Industry Development Plan¡¨ is one of ten key individual plans. And Office for Cultural and Creative Industries defines the industry as ¡§An industry accumulates of cultural and creative, knows where it originates and how it uses, has potential to create fortune and job opportunities, and promotes whole life.¡¨ The main purpose of Cultural and Creative Industries is trying to combine Creative, Science and Technology, and Humanity into industry and daily life, in order to fitful energy for creative and produce, to have a either rational and perceptual taste in a daily life, then to initiate a new civilization. Therefore, it is a best way to solve problems caused by transformation process in cross-strait. This essay hopes to find out some fields in Cultural and Creative Industries for cross-strait by studying this industry. Driven by Cultural and Creative Industries, there is a way to break the old manufacturing-first model into a high value-add model, and to provide more chances for the industry.

As transportation is a key component of economic success, it is crucial that the transportation systems in the Lower Mainland accommodate, and shape the projected increases in population. This paper has two main objectives. The first is to explore the factors and variables influencing demand for automobile transportation that are unique to the Lower Mainland of BC. General trends and statistics are explored for peak a.m. period automobile demand. The second part of this paper looks at the policies affecting demand for automobile transportation. Economic theory is introduced to two prominent traffic demand management (TDM) policies: road pricing and high occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes. Conceptual models are proposed for both policies. In 1993 the GVRD completed the Transport 2021 study. Using data that was generated by the EMME2 model, empirical estimates of consumer surplus changes (resulting from various T DM policies being implemented) are considered under a range of elasticities. Empirical estimates of consumer surplus changes are also calculated for the conceptual models.

The Lower Mainland of British Columbia is growing rapidly resulting in a dramatic alteration of the landscape. Associated with this growth is the loss of community heritage structures and properties. This destruction is occurring at a rapid rate even though conservation mechanisms, tools and strategies exist. This thesis examines the practice of heritage conservation and identifies the heritage conservation tools that are presently being utilized by a number of selected Lower Mainland municipalities. It then outlines the necessary conditions that a community must possess for existing conservation tools to be effective. A literature review of existing heritage conservation statutes was conducted to identify the statutory tools available for conservation purposes. The primary method of investigation involved interviewing 13 prominent heritage professionals from the Provincial Government, selected Municipal Governments, and the private planning sector. The survey allowed the author to generate a ‘tools chest’ of mechanisms available for conservation purposes. In total 23 conservation tools were identified from both the literature review and survey. Research indicated that the perceived responsibility for heritage conservation in British Columbia rested with local governments. To date these governments have had limited success in ensuring long term management and protection of heritage properties within their jurisdictions. Conservation tools presently being applied to manage these community resources are limited in scope and applicable only under specific ownership conditions. In general, local governments are under utilizing the conservation tools available to them. Reasons for this may include the lack of political and public support, in addition to, monetary and time restraints directed for this purpose. This study concludes with recommendations for local governments and the planning profession regarding the direction which these groups should embark on with future conservation activities.

This thesis places the growth management, specifically the urban growth boundary, policies of the Greater Vancouver Regional District and the Province of British Columbia in comparative perspective. The operative problem statement for this study is that current efforts at managing urban growth in the Lower Mainland are ambitious, but that they need to be made more robust. The specific methodologies used to address this problem statement include: a detailed review of the literature on urban growth boundaries and on growth management; a review of growth management policies relevant to containing urban growth in the Lower Mainland; and a detailed examination of the urban growth boundary policies of two case studies (Thurston County, Washington and Metro Portland, Oregon). The literature review reveals that urban growth boundaries are a simple concept, yet they are potentially troublesome policy considerations. As defined in the literature, urban growth boundaries are lines on a map that demarcate urban from rural land, thus setting a limit on urban expansion. The literature generally concludes that urban growth boundaries can be an extremely effective component to broader growth management programs, given a number of policy design considerations are taken into account. A thorough examination of current growth management initiatives in the Lower Mainland reveals that the substantive content of both the Livable Region Strategic Plan (1996) and the Growth Strategies Statutes Amendments Act, 1995 is "sustainable", albeit somewhat incomplete. In placing these policies in comparative perspective with the urban growth boundary policies of the two case studies, it is generally concluded that urban growth boundaries would contribute to current efforts at managing urban growth in the Lower Mainland by containing sprawl and ensuring the contiguity of urban development. Furthermore, it is argued that Provincial legislation should be amended in a way that outlines province-wide urban containment goals, ensures better interjurisdictional coordination of policies, and establishes enforcement mechanisms that include provisions for the application of sanctions upon noncompliant jurisdictions. Finally, while the case studies revealed some important information regarding urban containment in the Lower Mainland, they also served to confirm the information presented in the literature review, thus demonstrating consistency between theoretical notions of urban containment and practical experiences with urban growth boundaries.