The literature concerning work identities within universities is limited and focussed upon the ways academic staff construct their identities and the impacts these have upon their approaches to change. Similar studies for the range of differentiated roles that characterise the newly managerialised university are not available. The first stage of the research, therefore, was to develop a categorisation of the ways in which senior managers, line managers, support staff and academic staff construct their identities at work. This categorisation was created by bringing together the experiences of change of fifty three staff from five similar Australian universities, reported in interviews, with a review of the discourses widely available within the university sector (Deetz 1992; du Gay 1996a; Knights & Morgan 1991; Marginson 2000; Readings 1996) to produce thirteen different classifications associated with different roles. These categories described as case study one provide an initial framework for making sense of the different viewpoints expressed by staff in interviews and a language for understanding w hat particular actions might mean to the organisational members making them. As such it provides a starting point or tool for analysis and makes an original contribution to understanding change within universities. The second stage of this research examined the dynamics of a teaching change project and the interactions between differently constructed work identities it entailed. This was undertaken through an ethnographic study of a change project in process. The ethnography was supplemented by interviews with participants at the conclusion of the project. The analysis of the ethnography combined the first theoretical focus on constructed identity with concepts of power and their forms within organisations (Foucault 1998; Clegg 1989a; Callon 1986) to take account of the hierarchical organisation of the university and the differentiated organisational roles of participants in the change project.

Research collaboration between academia and industry is a form of knowledge creation in construction industry project management. This research collaboration is motivated by the intent to provide solutions to issues and problems that industry faces through research expertise and a scientific approach. Notwithstanding the potential benefits acknowledged by researchers, collaborative academia-industry research has not been sufficiently explored and there only exist a few studies addressing research success and success factors. Several main reasons for this include; 1) the success of collaborative academia-industry research has not been well defined, 2) there exist limited empirical studies, and 3) the research process of collaborative academia-industry research has not been systematically investigated. The primary purpose of this study is to improve the process of the collaborative academia-industry research for construction industry project management by identifying key process attributes and success factors. First, this study suggests a definition of the success and success criteria of collaborative academia-industry research based on literature review. Then this study evaluated more than 150 research efforts of the Construction Industry Institute (CII), a non-profit research organization sponsoring academia-industry collaborative research for more than 30 years, against the established success criteria to identify successful and less than successful research efforts. Multiple methods were adopted for the evaluation including web-based surveys, research product dissemination data, journal citation counts, and expert group assessment. By analysis and triangulation of the data collected from those multiple sources, this study identified 11 research efforts for further analyses. In-depth cases studies on the 11 research efforts were conducted focusing on the research process through interviews with a total of 39 academics and industry practitioners who participated in those research efforts. Information from interviews and other relevant data were analyzed for each case as well as across the 11 cases to identify key process attributes and factors contributing to research success. Consolidated findings from the cross-case analyses generated 9 key process attributes and associated success factors with significant potential to improve the research process of collaborative academia-industry research. / text

This research is an analysis of one month of daily occupations of three company Presidents continously observed with a participant-observer methodology. Following Levinson’s (1972) and Kets de Vries1 (1980) studies we are using a clinical approach. Also following Freud (1926a), Geertz (1973) and Kets de Vries (1984a), interpretation is central to the analysis: transference and countertransference reactions are used both to collect and to interpret the data. Using empirically Andrews1 approach (revised 1980) to Business Policy, we classify in in three classes, environmental, organizational and personal the daily occupations of the Presidents. The list of preoccupations cannot easily be classified under the same model: analysis reveals that they rather should be used as a Royal Path to interpret the occupations. The three Presidents manage with a different style: one behaves as a controller, megalomaniac and eclectic, the second as a coordinator, autocratic and performer and the third as a producer, radar and innovator. All are driven by a Magnificient Obsession, autonomy, money or quality that produces a strategic core “in their daily occupations. If strategies remain emergent, strategic management is opportunistic while strategic thinking is deliberate. The three realized observations suggest that the preoccupations generate the occupations: a well articulated strategic thought directly influences the quality of daily strategic actions. / Cette recherche analyse la gestion quotidienne de trois presidents observes continuellement durant un mois chacun, selon la methodologie de lfobservation-participante. Suite aux recherches de Levinson (1972) et de Kets *?.e Vries (1980), l’approche privilegiee est clinique. La demarche est interpretative et se situe dans le courant des travaux de Freud (1926a), Geertz (1973) et Kets de Vries (1984a): les reactions de transfert et de contre-transfert sont utilisees comme outils de cueillette et dfinterpretation. Les actions quotidiennes des presidents sont analysees a l!aide du modele de Politiques Generales propose par Andrews (revise 1980). L’utilisation empirique de ses reflexions nous mene a classer leurs occupations en trois grandes categories: 1fenvironnement, 1’organisation et la personne du president. La liste des preoccupations recueillies se prete difficilement au meme classement: de nature latente, les preoccupations s’averent une Voie Royale dfinterpretation des occupations. [...]

Kobayashi RM. Caracterização da disciplina noções de administração de enfermagem dos cursos de técnico de enfermagem. [dissertação] São Paulo (SP): Escola de Enfermagem da USP; 2002 Este estudo, do tipo exploratório e documental, teve como propósitos identificar as competências e os enfoques temáticos descritos nos Planos de Ensino da disciplina Noções de Administração em Enfermagem dos cursos Técnico de Enfermagem. A população foi composta por 26 Planos de Ensino das escolas/cursos, em sua maioria, entidades particulares, que formam Técnicos de Enfermagem já há entre 1 a 5 anos, com turmas de 21 a 30 alunos, nos três turnos. A disciplina em questão era trabalhada em diferentes momentos do curso, com carga horária entre 25 e 50h, ministrada por 1(um) a 2 (dois) docentes nas aulas teóricas e no estágio supervisionado, sendo este último realizado em unidades de internação. Com relação às competências gerais e específicas descritas nos Planos de Ensino, obtivemos que a competência do saber fazer (59%, 54%) e do aprender a conhecer (34%, 45%) prevaleceram sobre a competência do saber ser (7%, 1%) mostrando que o saber fazer ainda é prevalente, mas também aponta que o aprender a conhecer é necessário à instrumentalização para o desenvolvimento do saber fazer. Dentre os resultados, relativos aos enfoques temáticos, foram encontrados os processos de trabalho voltados para a assistência de enfermagem e a estrutura organizacional. Assim, acreditamos que este estudo possa contribuir àqueles que trabalham com a educação profissional em enfermagem, permitindo o repensar as competências profissionais desejadas ao TE, conforme o perfil estabelecido bem como, estimulando a reflexão de como este pode atuar nos processos administrativos, sob supervisão do enfermeiro. Descritores: Educação em enfermagem. Técnicos de enfermagem. Pesquisa em administração de enfermagem / Kobayashi RM. Caracteristics of the Course “Basics of Nursing Administration” for Practical Nursing Programs [master´s degree thesis] São Paulo (SP) School of Nursing at University of São Paulo; 2002 This exploratory study was based on course descriptions and aimed at identifying the competences and the topics addressed, as reported in the course description of “Basics of Nursing Administration” for Practical Nursing programs. Twenty-six practical nursing programs were studied. Most programs have been offered by private schools/institutions for 1 to 5 years. Twenty-one to thirty students attended these courses, offered in the mornings, afternoons, and evenings. Basics of nursing administration was offered in the beginning, middle or end of the program, depending on the institution, and lasted 25-50 hours. One or two teachers were in charge of both theory and clinical practice, which took place in hospitals, mainly in inpatient units. When both general and specific competences described in the programs were analyzed, the “know to do” competence (59%, 54%) and the “learn to know” competence (34%, 45%) prevailed against the “know to be” competence (7%, 1%). This shows that the “know to do” competence prevails in practical nursing programs. It also shows that the “learn to know” competence is necessary as a tool for developing the “know to do” competence. Findings for topics addressed in the programs, as reported in the course description, show that working processes are aimed at nursing assistance and at organizational structure. Thus, we believe that this study can contribute to those working in the field of professional nursing education as a tool to rethink professional competences required for practical nurses, according to the profile established, The study also encourages us to consider how practical nurses can effectly participate in the administrative processes, under the supervision of a registered nurse. Keywords: Nursing education, practical nursing, nursing management research

M.A. / Geography as a discipline has undergone many different metamorphoses, and has experienced a turbulent and interesting past in its search for identity. Claims are made that geographers put great emphasis on humans and their interaction with their environment. It is therefore widely accepted that Geography is greatly dominated in its teachings by an emphasis on Environmental Management. It is therefore also accepted that South African geographers will participate actively in this practice, and that it will be reflected, distinctively, in their scientific publications. This thesis seeks to examine the validity of the above assumptions. Thus the problem of whether or not the publications by South African geographers are environmentally orientated was surveyed and reviewed for the period between 1996 and 2001. In order to do this it was necessary to undertake an extensive review of all databases, which contained publications, as well as to obtain web-site information on the lecturers at the individual selected universities. Questionnaires were also sent out to the different departments and some personal interviews were conducted. The researcher had to refine the search to an in-depth analyses of only eight of the twenty one Geography departments at South African universities, based on the availability of information. The review reveals the current diverse nature of Environmental Geography in South Africa. In some instances papers have been written that remain within the boun-daries of its sub-discipline, such as the Geomorpological papers. They did however prove to incorporate an application to the field of Environmental Management which could not be ignored, and hence they had to be of environmental relevance. On further inspection it was found that there is an increasing awareness amongst all South African geographers for greater integration to solve problems holistically. More environmentally orientated papers were published towards the end of the study period under review. The survey conducted of the various environmentally orientated papers also revealed the broad and diverse sub-discipline that Geography can cover from an environmental perspective. It can be said that there is a growing trend amongst South African geographers to publish papers that are environmentally orientated. Whether the number (and emphasis that is placed on environmental issues) of publications is large enough, still remains to be seen. It was established that geographers are still focussing more on their specialised areas of interest, in their research. They are still not doing enough to promote an understanding of the environment. The researcher had to conclude that it is disheartening and disappointing to realise what amount of growth is still needed in the emphasis of the area of Environmental Management. Some serious work still lays ahead for geographers and the content of their publications in this respect.

D.Litt. et Phil.. (Psychology) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

M.A. / Organisational transformation has become a way of life. Transformation may be prompted by forces internal and external to the organisation. Typical organisational transformation involves the restructuring or elimination of jobs. Transformation of any organisation necessarily balances the elimination of outdated systems alongside the preservation of core assets. Change creates pressure in any organisation. This is especially true when the organisation has not had much experience in dealing with it. The first taste of major change in this situation can be traumatic. Organisational transition is slow, expensive and difficult. There is a tendency to believe that change can be instant, painless and quick. The process of making a major change to an organisation's identity requires people to let go of "how it was" and move through a period of doubt and uncertainty. The focus of this study is on describing the attitude of workers towards transformation. A standardised scale was used as a way of measuring the feelings and attitudes of workers towards transformation. The actual result reported from this study indicates that there is a lot of negative feelings and attitudes towards the whole transformation process.

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The intent of this study was to examine the effectiveness of behavioral self-management for mid-level managers in a variety of organizational settings. Behavioral self-management combines some of the current techniques found in behavioral psychology and management research. The present approach uses behavioral self-control and certain aspects of time management in a four-term contingency analysis (SOBC) to systematically control work-related problems that result in less than optimal performance. Eight individuals who occupied middle-management positions participated in the study. The behavioral self-management approach was used to successfully manage a total of about 20 out of 23 target behaviors associated with on-the-job performance. Each manager selected, modified, and evaluated each of their chosen problem events. Seven participants worked on three target behaviors each and one participant worked on two. Results were highly favorable, indicating that the approach can be successfully used by middle-managers in various settings to increase the effectiveness of their own performance. It was concluded that the possibility of success with several types of work-related problems is high, provided the manager is committed to following the program and that the problems have been adequately identified. An exit interview revealed that seven of the eight managers were convinced of the program's effectiveness and usefulness in managing the target behaviors. Ratings of each manager's graphed results were made by nine individuals who were knowledgeable in the techniques of behavior analysis. Their ratings, which were very similar to the exit interview results, suggest a medium to considerable amount of behavior change on almost all target behaviors.

Background and Objectives Oral anticoagulants (OACs) are among Canada's most frequently prescribed drugs and a top cause of medication-related serious harm leading to emergency department visits, hospitalizations, and fatalities. During the preparation to launch a Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)-funded randomized controlled trial (RCT) called "Improving Anticoagulant Safety at Hospital Discharge: A Randomized Trial," we faced some issues. First, as the RCT addresses OAC management, we needed to determine the barriers and facilitators for optimal OAC management, which were not identified in our literature search. Second, there is no core outcome set (COS) specific for OACs and the choice of outcomes and their measurement for the trial was not obvious. Finally, the drug-drug interactions between the OACs and other medications are not fully understood, particularly with regards to important clinical outcomes. Identifying the interacting medications and their interaction effect size, is vital to guarantee the safety of patients. To address these issues, the objectives of this thesis were: (1) to determine the barriers and facilitators for optimal OAC management, (2) to define the potential list for the COS of OACs, and (3) to explore the drug-drug interaction of OACs. Methods Several research approaches, including a systematic review, a systematic survey, a scoping review, a population-based retrospective cohort study with time varying methods, and a qualitative study were applied in this thesis. First, we applied both a synthesis review and qualitative research to explore the barriers and facilitators for OACs management to guarantee the evidence's robustness. Next, we used a systematic survey to address the lack of consensus on outcomes used and their v definitions for OAC treatment clinical trials. Finally, we used a systematic review and planned a population-based study to address drug-drug interaction related to OACs. Methodologic challenges and innovation In the scoping review (Chapter 2: Barriers and facilitators to optimal oral anticoagulant management: a scoping review) and the focus group study (Chapter 3: Perceptions on patient education to improve oral anticoagulant management) we employed a qualitative approach. The main methodological challenge for both the scoping review and the focus group focused on the rigorous way to synthesize the themes. In Chapter 4, we used a systematic survey to explore the outcome list for OAC management research. The primary methodological challenge referred to the outcome reporting in the included studies. Not all outcomes performed in the trials can be reported for the space limitation or potential publication bias. In Chapters 5 and 6, a systematic review with meta-analysis and an observational protocol were used to explore the drug-drug interaction for OACs. The main methodological challenge for Chapter 5 was how to evaluate the drug-drug interaction (DDI) evidence systematically. The main methodological challenge for Chapter 6 is to address confounding and bias in a population-based protocol on DOACs drug-drug interaction. Conclusion In summary, this standard thesis describes five different background projects to prepare for an OAC management RCT. The papers contribute to the literature by using several research methodologies to provide useful evidence for OAC management and OAC research. / Thesis / Candidate in Philosophy / Oral anticoagulants (OACs) (blood thinners) are among Canada's most frequently prescribed drugs and a top cause of severe medication-related harm. The objectives of this thesis include (1) to determine the barriers and facilitators for optimal OAC management, (2) to define a potential list for the core outcome set of OACs, and (3) to explore the drug-drug interaction of OACs. First, we applied a scoping review and a qualitative study to explore the barriers and facilitators for OACs management. Then we conducted a systematic survey to address the lack of consensus on outcomes and their definitions for OAC treatment clinical trials. Finally, we used a systematic review and planned a population-based study to address drug-drug interaction related to OACs. Different research approaches, including a systematic review, a systematic survey, a scoping review, a population-based study, and a qualitative study, were involved in this thesis.