Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2016-09-08T12:13:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Jos? Antonio Batista da Silva.pdf: 1901739 bytes, checksum: bf67996decc8c7cef031a8ce05d6f464 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-08T12:13:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Jos? Antonio Batista da Silva.pdf: 1901739 bytes, checksum: bf67996decc8c7cef031a8ce05d6f464 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-12-08 / This work was carried out from August 2007 to July 2011, in Itabora?, RJ, Brazil, and aimed to identify the Calliphoridae species exist in a mangrove swamp, verifying which are the predominant species, highlighting the proportions of males and females, and also analyzing the influence of abiotic factors such as temperature, humidity and moon phases, and also providing an analysis of the abundance, richness, diversity and similarity between the periods of sampling, ecological relationships between species of the same family and the ecological relationship between Calliphoridae and Phoridae parasitoids in Guapi-Mirim Environmental Protection Area, (Guapi-Mirim EPA) in the same city. Semiweekly collections were carried out over 48 months (96 collections). The traps were suspended at a height of 1.20 m above the ground for a period of 48 hours for each collection. To trap and collect the flies, four plastic traps (35 cm x 15 cm) were placed 100m apart each other in the studied area. The bait used was based on fish (sardine) in decomposition. The insects caught were killed by asphyxiation with 70% ethanol inside the trap. After asphyxiation all specimens were put into plastic pots containing 70% ethanol. The specimens were taken to the Laborat?rio de Transmissores de Leishmanioses (Setor de Entomologia M?dica e Forense) - IOC/FIOCRUZ, RJ, where they were separated by the collection day, counted and then identified using a stereoscopic microscope and the dichotomous keys for families and species. The abundance of Calliphoridae flies was statistically analyzed using the Statistica 7.1 program (StatSoft 2005) for the non-parametric test Kruskal-Wallis one way ANOVA (p< 0.05). Also the Kendall Tau Correlation test, Mann-Whitney (significance of 95%; p<0.05) and chi-square test (?2) were used to analyze. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Bray-Curtis similarity and Euclidean Distance were used. A total of 4,531flies were collected. These flies belonged to ten (10) species of the Calliphoridae family: Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius, 1794) (86.40%), Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann,1819) (5.72%), Cochliomyia macellaria (Fabricius, 1775) (4.94%), Chrysomya putoria (Wiedemann, 1818) (2.10%), Lucilia eximia (Wiedemann, 1819) (0.30%), Cochliomyia hominivorax (Cocquerel, 1858) (0.22%), Chloroprocta idioidea (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1930) (0.20%), Hemilucilia segmentaria (Fabricius, 1805) (0.04%), Hemilucilia semidiaphana (Rondani, 1850) (0.04%), Lucilia cuprina (Wiedemann,1830) (0.04%). The species C. megacephala was the one that presented the greatest abundance. Spring was the preferred season for all species; temperatures between 30.5 and 32.40C and relative humidity between 56.8 and 61.7% were considered those where there was a frenzy of oviposition; the full and new moons were the phases during which there was a higher occurrence of flies; Megaselia scalaris occurred more frequently in the most abundant Calliphoridae species in the same season of the year thus allowing greater dispersion of eggs; Calliphoridae species had a higher rate survival with increased food resources resulting from the polluting activity / Este trabalho foi realizado entre agosto de 2007 e julho de 2011, no Munic?pio de Itabora?, RJ, Brasil, e teve como objetivo identificar as esp?cies de Calliphoridae existentes em uma ?rea de mangue, quantificar as predominantes, destacando as propor??es de machos e f?meas, e tamb?m analisar a influ?ncia de fatores abi?ticos, tais como temperatura, umidade do ar e fases lunares; e ainda relacionar a abund?ncia, a riqueza, a diversidade e a similaridade entre os per?odos de coletas, rela??es ecol?gicas entre as esp?cies da entomofauna da mesma fam?lia e a rela??o ecol?gica entre Calliphoridae e Phoridae parasit?ides dentro da ?rea de Prote??o Ambiental de Guapi-Mirim (APA de Guapi-Mirim), em Itabora?. Durante 48 meses, foram realizadas 96 coletas, uma a cada 15 dias. Em todas as capturas, foram utilizadas armadilhas confeccionadas em recipiente pl?stico com 35 cm de altura e 15 cm de di?metro. Cada uma das quatro armadilhas foi suspensa a uma altura de 1,20 m do solo contendo 100g de isca de peixe (sardinha) em decomposi??o por um per?odo de 48 horas. Ap?s cada captura, todos os esp?cimes foram mortos no interior das armadilhas por asfixia utilizando etanol 70%. Em seguida todos os indiv?duos foram acondicionados em potes pl?sticos, contendo etanol a 70% e encaminhados ao Laborat?rio de Transmissores de Leishmanioses (Setor de Entomologia M?dica e Forense), IOC-FIOCRUZ, RJ, em seguida todos os esp?cimes foram separados por dia de coleta, identificadas e quantificadas. Para tal procedimento utilizou-se um microsc?pio estereosc?pico e chaves dicot?micas para a identifica??o da fam?lia e das esp?cies. As an?lises estat?sticas foram feitas utilizando o programa estat?stico Statistica 7.1 (STATSOFT, 2005), atrav?s do teste de Kruskal- Wallis one way ANOVA, teste de qui- quadrado (?2), Mann-Whitney e correla??o de Kendall Tau (p<0,05). Foram utilizados os ?ndices de diversidade de Shannon-Wiener e similaridade de Bray-Curtis, assim como a Dist?ncia Euclidiana. Foram capturadas 4531 moscas pertencentes a dez (10) esp?cies da fam?lia Calliphoridae: Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius, 1794) (86,40%), Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann,1819) (5,72%), Cochliomyia macellaria (Fabricius, 1775) (4,94%), Chrysomya putoria (Wiedemann, 1818) (2,10%), Lucilia eximia (Wiedemann, 1819) (0,30%), Cochliomyia hominivorax (Cocquerel, 1858) (0,22%), Chloroprocta idioidea (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1930) (0,20%), Hemilucilia segmentaria (Fabricius, 1805) (0,04%), Hemilucilia semidiaphana (Rondani, 1850) (0,04%), Lucilia cuprina (Wiedemann,1830) (0,04%). A esp?cie C. megacephala foi aquela que apresentou a maior abund?ncia, a primavera foi a esta??o do ano em que todas as esp?cies mostraram maior prefer?ncia; as temperaturas compreendidas entre 30,5 e 32,40C e a umidade relativa do ar entre 56,8 e 61,7% foram consideradas aquelas onde houve frenesi de oviposi??o; nas luas cheias e novas houve maior ocorr?ncia de moscas capturadas; Megaselia scalaris se utilizou de esp?cies abundantes nas mesmas esta??es do anos em que ela ocorreu com maior frequ?ncia, possibilitando assim maior dispers?o de ovos; a maior disponibilidade de recursos alimentares resultantes da atividade poluidora tempor?ria ofereceram uma melhor condi??o de sobreviv?ncia para as esp?cies os Calliphoridae.

Submitted by Irene Nascimento (irene.kessia@ufpe.br) on 2016-10-03T18:27:28Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) dissertação Patrícia Tavares - FINAL (Reparado).pdf: 1372192 bytes, checksum: f1841220d38eebee90f4380313bf2378 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-03T18:27:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) dissertação Patrícia Tavares - FINAL (Reparado).pdf: 1372192 bytes, checksum: f1841220d38eebee90f4380313bf2378 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-05 / O presente trabalho buscou saber os prejuízos socioambientais decorrentes da eliminação do ecossistema manguezal, e se o Estado de Pernambuco está cumprindo o disposto na legislação ambiental quanto ao andamento do procedimento administrativo para supressão de vegetação considerada de Preservação Permanente. Como hipóteses, a pesquisadora elencou duas: considerando todos os benefícios decorrentes das funções ecológicas do ecossistema manguezal, o estado de Pernambuco perde drasticamente em termos de biodiversidade, que consequentemente desencadeia prejuízos socioambientais; e o Estado de Pernambuco incorre em ilegalidade e inconstitucionalidade na emissão de leis autorizativas para supressão de manguezal, descumprindo ainda princípios do direito ambiental. De acordo com os objetivos da pesquisa, realizou-se uma pesquisa documental/bibliográfica, quanto à legislação protetiva, à administração pública e aos procedimentos administrativos, inclusive ao nível nacional, para autorização de interferência no ecossistema e uma atualização das leis ordinárias com relação à autorização de supressão de áreas de manguezal no site da Assembleia Legislativa do Estado de Pernambuco. Tendo em vista que os pescadores, considerados comunidade tradicional, estão intrinsecamente ligados ao manguezal, foram realizadas 22 entrevistas com pescadores da colônia Z – 8, situada no município de Cabo de Santo Agostinho e 23 entrevistas com pescadoras da colônia Z-12, situada no município de Ipojuca. A atualização das leis autorizativas culminou com o resultado de 601,00 ha de manguezal autorizados a suprimir, o que desencadeou um verdadeiro desastre socioambiental, a partir da violação dos princípios ambientais e as disposições legais referentes. / The present study sought to know the social and environmental losses arising from the removal of mangrove swamp, and the state of Pernambuco is meeting the requirements of environmental legislation when the progress of the administrative procedure for removal of considered Permanent Preservation vegetation. As hypotheses, the researcher has listed two: considering all the benefits of the ecological functions of the mangrove ecosystem, the State of Pernambuco dramatically lose in terms of biodiversity, which in turn sets off sociambientais losses; and the State of Pernambuco incurs illegality and unconstitutionality in issuing authorization laws for suppression of mangrove swamp, still not complying with principles of environmental law. According to the research objectives, there was a documentary /bibliography research, about the protective legislation, public administration and administrative procedures, including the national level to permit interference in the ecosystem and an update to the ordinary laws regarding the authorization of removal of mangrove areas in Pernambuco State Legislative Assembly website. Having in mind that the traditional community - fishermen who are intrinsically linked to the mangrove swamp, there were 22 interviews with fishermen from the Z - 8 colony, located in the municipality of Cabo de Santo Agostinho and 23 interviews with fishers from the Z -12 colony, in the municipality of Ipojuca. Updating authorization acts culminated with the result of 601.00 ha of mangrove swamp allowed to suppress, which triggered a socioenvironmental disaster from the violation of environmental principles and legal provisions concerning.

Urban development and human encroachment on the natural habitats along the coastline of Florida combined with invasive exotic pressures have resulted in the fragmentation and degradation of habitat quality within Broward County. Native habitats have been significantly altered and fragmented to a fraction their previous size. With loss of habitat area and quality, isolation of breeding populations and anthropogenic pressures, it is important to determine species composition and habitat utilization in order to conserve the remaining biological diversity. It was the intent of this study to determine the small mammal species’ population structure and habitat utilization by season in the four sampled habitats. Previously undocumented species and/or extralimital populations were predicted prior to sampling. John U. Lloyd Beach State Park in Dania Beach, Florida is an understudied location for small mammals. This study surveyed four terrestrial habitats for small mammal species using live trapping and mark/recapture techniques. Data were collected monthly over the span of thirteen months to determine habitat use from maritime hammock, mangrove swamp, coastal dune and ruderal habitat types to determine species composition and mass of individual captures and recaptures. Trapping (3749 trap nights) produced twenty-four captures (including recaptures) in two of the four habitat types: maritime hammock and coastal strand. No animals were captured in the mangrove swamp or ruderal habitats, both of which were dominated by invasive Australian pine (Casuarina equisetifolia) monocultures. Post study, a large habitat restoration project restored the habitats impacted by invasive exotic flora. This survey serves as a baseline for small mammals in the park, documenting the pre-restoration habitat use and species composition. Future study to determine changes in species composition post-restoration is recommended.