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In Florida, mangroves have responded to climate change by slowly migrating northward into traditional salt marsh habitat. However, little is understood about the relationships among mangrove growth form plasticity and environmental conditions. In addition, the effects of the mangrove northward expansion on pre-existing salt marsh communities are unknown, especially any influences of differences in tree morphology. The size, canopy structure, and root structure of the three mangrove species Rhizophora mangle, Avicennia germinans, and Laguncularia racemosa were measured at six sites along the east coast of Florida. Structural equation modeling was used to evaluate the multivariate relationships between environmental and biotic variables. Mangrove growth form varied widely with environmental variables. The results of this study suggest that R. mangle expansion into salt marsh may rely on interactions with salt marsh and shading as well as on climatic variables, which has implications for future mangrove expansion northward in Florida. / Includes bibliography. / Thesis (M.S.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2016. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

Deutscher Akademischer Austausch Dienst / This study investigates and analyzes the environmental licensing of the bridge over the River Coco at Sabiaguaba, Fortaleza â Cearà -Brazil. The licensing was initiated in 2001, being stopped a few times and being completed just in 2010. Through literature, and observation in the field, the public and private interests related to this building were checked. It was examined how is the lifestyles and cultural heritage of Sabiaguaba population, including their relationship with ecosystems, especially mangrove. It was analyzed howthe impacts on the natural environment were observed by the justifications given by the licensing documents and the government intitutes. For this, we examined the aspects ecodynamics and environmental services of mangrove ecosystems, including an investigation about the importance of mangrove ecosystem of the River Coco, the relationship of population of Sabiaguaba with ecosystems and environmental that exist in that area; and an analysis of the current legislation and legal doctrine that focuses on environmental licensing / Este estudo investiga e analisa o licenciamento ambiental da ponte sobre o rio CocÃ, no bairro Sabiaguaba, em Fortaleza â CearÃ. O licenciamento foi iniciado em 2001, sofrendo a obra paralisaÃÃes e sendo finalizada apenas em 2010. AtravÃs de pesquisa bibliogrÃfica, documental e observaÃÃo em campo, foram verificados os interesses pÃblicos e privados relacionados a essa construÃÃo e examinado como o modo de vida e o patrimÃnio cultural da populaÃÃo de Sabiaguaba, incluindo-se a sua relaÃÃo com os ecossistemas, principalmente o manguezal, e como os impactos sobre o meio ambiente natural foram observados pelas justificativas apresentadas pelos documentos do licenciamento e pelos ÃrgÃos envolvidos em torno da obra. Para isso, examinou-se os aspectos ecodinÃmicos e os serviÃos ambientais dos ecossistemas manguezais, investigando-se a importÃncia do ecossistema manguezal do rio CocÃ; a relaÃÃo da populaÃÃo de Sabiaguaba com os ecossistemas e os fluxos ambientais existentes naquela Ãrea; alÃm de uma anÃlise da legislaÃÃo vigente e da doutrina jurÃdica que versa sobre licenciamento ambiental.

South Australian mangroves consist of only one single species Avicennia marina (Fosk.) Vierh.var australasica (Walp) Moldenke, 1960. They are distributed discontinuously within St. Vincent Gulf and Spencer Gulf and provide significant valuable habitat both in economical and ecological terms. The Fisheries Act 1971-1982 protected the existence of mangroves and the Harbour Act 1936-1981 controlled removal of mangrove areas in coastal development. To date very few ecological studies have been conducted in the South Australian mangroves, particularly on the infaunal organisms that have an important role in maintaining the ecological dynamic within the estuaries systems. As this is the first study on infaunal mangrove communities in the inverse estuaries of South Australia, there was no prior data for ecological comparison. The study was conducted at three mangroves location (Garden Island, Middle Beach and Saint Kilda) close to Adelaide in May 2000 and 2001. Overall the study has reported that the infaunal mangrove assemblages of South Australian mangroves were comparable to other temperate mangroves. The infaunal communities were characterised by lower diversity and abundance compared to the tropical or subtropical mangroves. The infaunal zonation related to the tidal gradient and habitat variation was detected. Most infauna organisms occupied the surface layers and substantially decreased towards the deeper layers. The study also suggested that sediment structure of mangrove systems were complex and infaunal communities responded differently to the change of environmental conditions both in small scale and larger scale. Thus, assessing the infaunal communities structure in mangrove systems should be based on ecological characteristics rather than geographical positions. The examination of dominant polychaetes families showed that different species have different responses to the environmental cues within mangrove systems. The study did not find that any polychaete species was restricted to mangroves only as they all were also found in the habitat adjacent mangrove forest. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, 2003.

The film script Mangrove is both an eco-warrior thriller with science fiction elements and a documentation of the quirky, multicultural milieu of 21st century Auckland. It deals with the issues surrounding experimentation with genetic engineering and human alienation and disability.The script references the tradition of New Zealand film and its development as a "cinema of unease" through the character of Nat, who lives as a "man alone" on a moored yacht, and through its setting in a desolate mangrove estuary adjacent to a suburban industrial estate. It features characters who are recent immigrants from varying cultures and offers insights to world views that contrast with the pessimistic colonial outlook on life that pits man against the environment in a struggle for domination.The title, Mangrove, is a metaphor for the rich human environment that can be found in outposts of society that are often maligned and overlooked for their perceived lack of value.Mangrove's main character, Talia, is a disabled woman whose desire is to be accepted for her difference, her insights and her humanity. She is confronted with her past and her origins that may be part of a late 20th century genetic experiment.She meets Nat, a former journalist hiding out from society who is searching for a way to express his idealism. Likewise, Shiva, an indo-Fijian living in a nearby car wreckers yard has a love of music and the environment and shares Nat's idealism and desire to work for a better world. The three uncover a potentially world-altering genetic experiment with sugar. The antagonist multinational has Russian mafia allies that have to be dealt with, while the protagonists have the assistance of some Thai monks and Pacific Island street kids as they strive to expose the experimentation, and work out their relationships with one another.

Thesis (M. Arch.)--University of Hong Kong, 1995. / Includes special study report entitled: Management and conservation of the mangrove forest. Includes bibliographical references.

Coastal communities in Ecuador – and worldwide – are vulnerable to climate change due to both marine and inland pressures. Studies predict that climatic changes will impact strongly on coastal zones, with particularly negative effects on communities that rely on mangrove ecosystems for their livelihoods. Unfortunately, relatively few studies have determined how these communities perceive climate change and other environmental changes witnessed during their lifetime. This research gathered primary information from two Ecuadorian coastal communities, as well as data from non-governmental organizations, global scientists, government, and national institutes in an effort to discover where information gaps or points of collaboration exist. At the community level, environmental change was often attributed to the drastic effects of the shrimp farm industry, deforestation of mangrove and tropical forests, and El Niño (ENSO) events. Participants mentioned God, a displeased nature, and the climate being loco (crazy) as other factors affecting change. The richness of local ecological knowledge in the communities studied indicates a need for more bottom-up information through monitoring and dialogue around entry points. Addressing vulnerabilities and adaptation requires a focus on the local context and pressing issues of food security, freshwater, pollution, and diminishing fish species which are currently overshadowing climate change as priority issues. Accordingly, collaboration around mangrove restoration may be an effective win-win climate adaptation strategy. / Climate change in Ecuador's coastal communities and mangrove ecosystems: Local knowledge, perceptions, and priorities

The ecology of mangrove forests on Potential Acid Sulphate soils at Bintuni Bay (132° 55' - 134° 02' E, and 2° 02' - 2° 97' S), Irian Jaya, Indonesia was studied. The annual rainfall is 3000mm and there is mixed semi-diurnal tide of 1-5.6m amplitude. The water has a varying salinity of 0-27%. Forest structure was studied in plots of 10m x 10m along three transects across Sikoroti Island and in three 50m x 50m plots in mixed Rhizophora - Bruguiera forest. All trees > 10cm trunk diameter were enumerated, measured and identified. Of the nine tree species, Rhizophora apiculata was the most dominant, followed by Bruguiera gymnorrhiza and Ceriops decandra. There was good regeneration seven years after clear-felling in plots on Amutu Besar and Amutu Kecil Islands. Small litterfall production, measured using ten 1m x 1m litter traps in each of the three 50m x 50m plots, was 11.09 t ha-1 y-1, and greatest during the wet season (December, 1.29 t ha-1 ) and least during the dry season (July, 0.61 t ha-1). The annual litterfall mineral element accession was (kg ha-1 y-1): N 240.4, P 6.1, K 43.2, Na 136.2, Ca 204.4 and Mg 48.7. Leaf decomposition of five species was studied in litterbags on the forest floor under trees of the same species. Sonneratia alba decomposed quickly with a half-life of 24 days, and Bruguiera parviflora was the slowest with a halflife of 124 days. Decomposition rates of all species followed a single exponential decay model. Leaf herbivory of young stands of Rhizophora apiculata and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza was significantly different among sites, species, plant height and leaf-age. Seed predation on six species was studied in three different sites. Twenty propagules of each species were secured by string in each of six 10m x 10m sub-plots within each of five 10m x 60m plots. On average 62.1% of the seeds were dead after 36 d. Predation was higher in the lower intertidal zone, and Avicennia alba and Bruguiera parviflora were the most predated. The results suggested that the Bintuni Bay mangroves can be sustainably managed but the best silvicultural system needs to be determined.

Typescript. / Thesis--University of Hawaii, 1963. / Bibliography: leaves 121-126. / xi, 219 leaves mount. col. ill., mount. maps, mount, diagrs., tables (part fold.)