Texte remanié de: Th. doct.--Ethnol.--Marseille--EHESS, 2000. Titre de soutenance : Rio das Rãs, terre de Noirs. / Bibliogr. p. 373-382.

Texte remanié de: Diss. Ph. D.--Dutch--Utrecht university, 1985.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-04-26T19:16:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MariliaMedeirosFernandesDeNegreiros_DISSERT.pdf: 2997173 bytes, checksum: 85466eb8c67b6b55509f4861197c4d35 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-04-28T22:23:31Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MariliaMedeirosFernandesDeNegreiros_DISSERT.pdf: 2997173 bytes, checksum: 85466eb8c67b6b55509f4861197c4d35 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T22:23:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MariliaMedeirosFernandesDeNegreiros_DISSERT.pdf: 2997173 bytes, checksum: 85466eb8c67b6b55509f4861197c4d35 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-07 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / A produ??o de nanoparticulas de prata com extratos naturais tem sido apontada como uma excelente alternativa para potencializar ou fornecer novas aplicabilidades aos extratos. Extratos de polissacar?deos sulfatados de algas (ASP) apresentam propriedades farmacol?gicas, por?m h? poucos relatos da produ??o de nanopart?culas de prata com extratos ricos em polissacar?deos sulfatados (SPN). Assim, neste trabalho sintetizou-se SPN de algas encontradas no Brasil: Spatoglossum schr?ederi, Dictyopteris justii, Sargassum filipendula e Dictyota mertensii. A obten??o dos extratos ricos em polissacar?deos ocorreu por prote?lise seguida por precipita??o com metanol. A s?ntese das diferentes nanopart?culas ocorreu com a adi??o de solu??es de prata 1 mM em solu??es dos diferentes polissacar?deos e mantidos em repouso. Posteriormente as amostras foram centrifugadas e liofilizadas. A forma??o SPN foi confirmada por espectroscopia UV/vis?vel, microscopia eletr?nica de varredura e microscopia de for?a at?mica. O tamanho das SPN foi de 108 ? 2 nm; 82 ? 1nm; 288 ? 52 nm; 104 ? 2 nm para S. schr?ederi; D. justii; S. filipendula; D. mertensii, respectivamente e se manteve est?vel por catorze meses, os potenciais zeta foram negativos e as formas das SPN foram esf?ricas. Os resultados de diversos testes in vitro mostraram que as SPN potencializam as atividades antioxidantes de ASP. As SPN tamb?m foram biocompat?veis com c?lulas normais 3T3 (fibroblastos murinicos). Por outro lado, SPN de S schr?ederi e de D. mertensii tiveram atividade citot?xica (~60%) frente as c?lulas de melanoma mur?nico (B16F10) e acredita-se que a maior atividade citot?xica destas SPN ocorram devido aos seus pequenos tamanhos. SPN tamb?m tiveram grande capacidade antibacteriana. Nanopart?culas de D. justii e S. filipendula tiveram os melhores resultados, sendo necess?rio somente 50 ?g/mL para a morte da bact?ria E. coli e 100 ?g/mL para a morte de S. aureus. Hipotet?za-se que esta atividade ocorra por libera??o de prata pelas SPN. SPN tamb?m foram capazes de induzir a produ??o de ?xido n?trico e citocinas com perfil semelhante a os seus respectivos ASP, com exce??o para SPN de S. schr?ederi. Em geral, os resultados revelaram que a s?ntese de SPN a partir das ASP potencializa efeitos antioxidantes, citot?xico e antibacteriano dos ASP, al?m de apresentar o mesmo efeito imunomodulador de seus respectivos ASP. Os dados obtidos levam a propor que a s?ntese de SPN constituiu-se como um poss?vel mecanismo potencializador de atividades biol?gicas. / The production of silver nanoparticle containing natural extracts has been identified as an excellent alternative to enhance or provide new applicability for these extracts. Sulfated polysaccharides-rich extracts (ASP) from seaweeds showed several pharmacological properties, but there are few reports of the production of silver nanoparticle with sulfated polysaccharides (SPN). Therefore, this paper we synthesized SPN from seaweeds founded in Brazil: Spatoglossum schr?ederi, Dictyopteris justii, Sargassum filipendula e Dictyota mertensii. The obtainment of polysaccharides rich extracts it occurred by proteolysis followed by methanol precipitation. The synthesis of various nanoparticles occurred with the addition of silver solution 1 mM on different polysaccharides solutions and kept at rest. Subsequently the samples were centrifuge and lyophilized. The SPN formation was confirmed by UV/ visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The size of SPN was 108 ? 2 nm; 82 ? 1nm; 288 ? 52 nm; 104 ? 2 nm for S. schr?ederi; D. justii; S. filipendula; D. mertensii, respectively. The nanoparticules remained stable for fourteen months, the Zeta potential were negative and forms of SPN were rounded. Data from various antioxidant in vitro tests showed that the SPN were more effective than ASP. The SPN were also biocompatible with the normal cells 3T3 (murine fibroblast). Moreover, SPN of S. schr?ederi and of D. mertensii had cytotoxic activity (~60%) against melanoma cells (B16F10). We believe that the increased of cytotoxic activity of these SPN occur due to their small size. SPN also had great antibacterial capacity. D. justii and S. filipendula nanoparticles had the best results, requiring only 50 mg/mL and 100 mg/mL for induces E. coli and S. aureus death. We hypothesized that this activity occurs by release of SPN?s silver. SPN also increase the nitric oxide and cytokines release from macrophages as similar profile to the respective ASP, except for S. schr?ederi SPN. In general, the results showed that SPN were more effective as antioxidant, antibacterial and cytotoxic agents than their respective ASP, as well as, SPN have shown the same immunomodulation effect of the respective ASP. The results lead to propose that the SPN synthesis constituted as a possible potentiating mechanism of biological activities of ASPs.

Orientador: Emilia Pietrafesa de Godoi / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-11T06:05:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mello_MarceloMoura_M.pdf: 4238646 bytes, checksum: 206c09e15c5d933ab2e63d903ff71164 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: O presente trabalho investiga o papel desempenhado pela memória em uma dinâmica identitária em curso na comunidade negra rural de Cambará, localizada na região central do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Desde o início desta década, a referida comunidade vem reivindicando a identidade de remanescente de quilombo e o cumprimento das garantias constitucionais previstas, em legislação, a tais grupos, especialmente a titulação de suas terras. Para além da questão da mobilização da memória em contextos de reivindicações identitárias, busca-se perceber as dimensões de justiça presentes nas narrativas sobre o passado. Situam-se essas narrativas por meio da descrição dos diferentes contextos onde se deu a expressão de experiências, sem, contudo, reduzi-las a meras adequações ao contexto político contemporâneo / Abstract: The present work investigates the role played by memory in a dynamics of identity formation taking place in the rural black community of Cambará, located in the central region of the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul. The community has been claiming a maroon-descendant identity and compliance with the constitutional guarantees such groups are entitled to, especially land titling. Besides aiming at understanding how memory is activated in contexts of identity claim, this study focuses on the dimensions of justice found in narratives about the past. These narratives are situated by means of the description of the different contexts in which the expression of experiences occurred; an attempt is made not reduce these experiences to mere adaptations to the contemporary Brazilian political context / Mestrado / Mestre em Antropologia Social

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This study aims to understand how the bureaucratic rationality of the Food Acquisition Program (PAA) me relates to the rationality of the Maroons Community Córrego das Moças , located in the city of Adrianópolis - PR. For both qualitative research performed under an ethnographic perspective, associated with literature about the subject. As results, analyze the social integration of these subjects to the PAA has generated subtle changes in their production systems, contemplating some changes in the social divisions of family work, providing increased autonomy of women and youth against husbands and fathers. Collectively, the bureaucratic integration of the group program sustains itself, redefining and reinforcing, reciprocal relationships, friendship and kinship, patron-client relationships and male domination present in the group. I realized that the assimilation of the group to the standards of regulation , standardization , routinization and formalization of accountings of the program has been going conflictive , asymmetrical and conditional , so in some cases , suffering internal adjustments and adaptations , and in other cases not being fully knowable to those subjects. In these contexts, professional mediators and Maroons have completed significant role in connecting worldviews and ethos, establishing itself as a specialized technical body. This scenario, however, has blocked the assumption, control, socialization and participants Maroons, which remains subject to the mediators responsible for managing the learning design. Finally, I analyze the integration process of the Maroons PAA has promoted the expansion of its relative autonomy, in that it describes the condition of the peasant participants, families locked, however, the assumption, material and symbolic appropriation of dynamic tecnoburocráticas by Maroons in project management, constraining options for expanding relative autonomy and ethnogenesis of the group process, reproducing contexts of violence and legal and symbolic domination. Conclude the study indicates the need for connection between facing the peasant agriculture, family and maroon, with public policies promoting racial equality as a condition necessary for the full development of these ethnic groups public policy. / O presente estudo visa compreender como a racionalidade burocrática do Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos se relaciona com a racionalidade dos quilombolas da Comunidade Córrego das Moças, situada no Município de Adrianópolis PR. Para tanto, realizei pesquisa qualitativa, sob uma perspectiva etnográfica, associada à pesquisa bibliográfica sobre o tema. Como resultados, analiso que a integração desses sujeitos sociais ao PAA tem gerado tênues alterações em seus sistemas de produção, contemplando algumas mudanças nas divisões sociais de trabalho familiar, propiciando ampliação da autonomia de mulheres e jovens frente a maridos e pais. Coletivamente, a integração burocrática do grupo ao Programa sustenta-se, reforçando e resignificando, relações de reciprocidade, amizade e parentesco, relações patrono-cliente e de dominação masculina presentes no grupo. Compreendi que a assimilação dos quilombolas aos padrões de normatização, padronização, rotinização e formalização burocrática do Programa tem ocorrido de forma conflitiva, assimétrica e subordinada, em alguns casos, sofrendo ajustes e adaptações internas, e em outros casos, não sendo plenamente cognoscíveis a esses sujeitos. Nesses contextos, mediadores profissionais e quilombolas tem cumprido papel significativo na conexão de visões de mundo e ethos, constituindo-se como corpo técnico especializado. Tal contexto, no entanto, tem bloqueado a assunção, controle, socialização e aprendizado dos quilombolas participantes, os quais se mantém subordinados aos mediadores responsáveis pela gestão do Projeto. Por fim, analiso que o processo de integração desses quilombolas ao PAA tem promovido a ampliação de sua autonomia relativa, na medida em que qualifica a condição camponesa das famílias participantes, bloqueado, porém, a assunção, apropriação material e simbólica das dinâmicas tecnoburocráticas pelos quilombolas, na gestão projeto, constrangendo possibilidades de ampliação do processo de autonomia relativa e etnogênese do grupo, reproduzindo contextos de violência e dominação legal e simbólica. Concluo o estudo apontando a necessidade de conexão entre políticas públicas voltadas à agricultura camponesa, familiar e quilombola, com políticas públicas de promoção da igualdade racial, enquanto pressuposto necessário ao pleno desenvolvimento desses grupos étnicos.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-06-02T22:15:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LarisseAraujoDantas_DISSERT.pdf: 2039205 bytes, checksum: c6567bc4fed86a3072ac9d28162203b1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-06-08T19:00:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 LarisseAraujoDantas_DISSERT.pdf: 2039205 bytes, checksum: c6567bc4fed86a3072ac9d28162203b1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-08T19:00:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LarisseAraujoDantas_DISSERT.pdf: 2039205 bytes, checksum: c6567bc4fed86a3072ac9d28162203b1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-04-17 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Nanopart?culas de prata (AgNPs) possuem diversas aplica??es biom?dicas, dentre elas destaca-se o potencial antiproliferativo. In?meros tipos de s?ntese de nanopart?culas de prata encontram-se descritos na literatura, no entanto, um tipo de s?ntese menos agressiva e mais economicamente vi?vel, a s?ntese verde, tem ganhado import?ncia dentre as demais. Neste processo de s?ntese ? necess?rio o uso de um agente redutor e estabilizante que n?o sejam t?xicos para as c?lulas animais e para o meio ambiente. Nesse contexto, a associa??o de biomol?culas de origem marinha com atividades biol?gicas j? descritas, como os polissacar?deos ?cidos de algas, ?s AgNPs ganham import?ncia. Muitos polissacar?deos ?cidos (PA) extra?dos de algas marinhas destacam-se por exibir diversas atividades, como exemplo as fucanas da alga Spatoglossum schr?ederi. Estas fucanas apresentam atividade antioxidante, antiangiog?nica, antitumoral, dentre outras. Devido aos poucos relatos de s?ntese de AgNPs envolvendo polissacar?deos de algas, este trabalho teve por objetivo sintetizar AgNPs com uma fra??o rica em ?cido alg?nico e fucana A da alga S. schr?ederi por um processo de s?ntese verde, e testar as AgNPs obtidas frente ? linhagem de melanoma B16F10. Os PA da alga S. schr?ederi foram extra?dos por um processo de digest?o proteol?tica e fracionados com acetona. A fra??o de maior rendimento e rica em ?cido alg?nico e fucana A, a F0.5 v, foi empregada para a s?ntese das AgNPs. A caracteriza??o das AgNPs obtidas contemplou a an?lise de absor??o de luz UV, composi??o qu?mica, di?metro m?dio, polidispers?o, potencial zeta, espectroscopia de infravermelho (FTIR) e a espectroscopia de energia dispersiva (EDS), microscopia eletr?nica de varredura (MEV) e microscopia de for?a at?mica (MFA). As an?lises por espectroscopia de UV-vis?vel na faixa entre 400 e 440 nm confirmaram a forma??o das AgNPs, estas apresentaram di?metro de 196 ? 13 nm, valores de polidispers?o abaixo de 0,4 e potencial zeta negativo. As dosagens qu?micas, o FTIR e o EDS revelaram que a maior parte das AgNPs ? composta por polissacar?deos ?cidos. As imagens obtidas por MEV e MFA indicaram um formato esf?rico para as AgNPs. A atividade antiproliferativa foi avaliada pelo m?todo do MTT frente ?s linhagens celulares B16F10 e fibroblastos 3T3, e por citometria de fluxo foi investigado sua a??o na morte e no ciclo celular. As AgNPs afetaram a capacidade de redu??o do MTT das linhagens 3T3 e B16F10, sendo esta mais evidenciada para a B16F10, pois as AgNPs (0,5 mg/mL) conseguiram reduz?-la em torno de 50%, enquanto a prata i?nica e a F0.5 v em nenhuma das concentra??es influenciaram na redu??o do MTT. As an?lises por citometria de fluxo apontaram uma elevada taxa de marca??o para anexina V e iodeto de prop?dio para as c?lulas B16F10 expostas ?s AgNPs, al?m de um aumento na porcentagem das c?lulas em Sub-G1 em detrimento ?s outras fases. Estudos adicionais s?o necess?rios para elucidar completamente o mecanismo de a??o antiproliferativo das AgNPs e descobrir outras propriedades da fra??o que s?o intensificadas pela s?ntese de nanopart?culas. Entretanto, pode-se concluir que ? poss?vel sintetizar AgNPs com polissacar?deos ?cidos de S. schr?ederi usando um m?todo verde e que essas AgNPs apresentaram atividade antiproliferativa mais pronunciada que seus percussores. / Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have several biomedical applications, among them the antiproliferative potential. Numerous types of synthesis of silver nanoparticles are found in the literature, however, a type of synthesis less aggressive and more economically viable, a green synthesisl, has gained value among the others. In this synthesis process, it is necessary to use a reducing agent and stabilizer which are non-toxic to animal cells and to the environment. In this context, an association of biomolecules of marine origin with biological activities already described, such as the polysaccharide acids of algae, to the AgNPs gain importance. Many acidic polysaccharides (PA) extracted from marine algae are distinguished by their different activities, such as the algae Spatoglossum schr?ederi. These fucans have antioxidant, antiangiogenic, antitumor activity, among others. Due to the few reports of AgNPs synthesis involving algae polysaccharides, the objective of this work was to synthesize AgNPs with a rich fraction of alginic acid and fucan A from the S. schr?ederi algae by a green synthesis process and to test the AgNPs obtained on the lineage of melanoma B16F10. The PA of the S. schr?ederi algae was extracted by a proteolytic digestion process and fractionated with acetone. The higher yield fraction rich in alginic acid and fucan A, F0.5 v, was used for synthesis of the AgNPs. The characterization of the AgNPs obtained contemplated an analysis of UV light absorption, chemical composition, average diameter, polydispersity, zeta potential, infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), dispersive energy spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The analyzes by UV-visible spectroscopy in the range between 400 and 440 nm confirmed the formation of AgNPs, they presented 196 ? 13 nm diameter, polydispersion values below 0.4 and negative zeta potential. The chemical dosages, FTIR and EDS revealed that most AgNPs are composed of acidic polysaccharides. The images obtained by SEM and AFM indicated a spherical format for AgNPs. The antiproliferative activity was evaluated by the MTT method against B16F10 cell lines and 3T3 fibroblasts, and by flow cytometry, its action on death and cell cycle was investigated. The AgNPs affected the ability to reduce MTT from the 3T3 and B16F10 lineages, but these were evidenced for a B16F10, the AgNPs (0.5 mg/mL) were able to reduce by around 50%, while a silver ion and F0.5 v at any of the concentrations influenced the reduction of MTT. Flow cytometry analyzes indicated a high labeling rate for annexin V and propidium iodide for the B16F10 cells exposed to AgNPs, in addition to an increase in the percentage of cells in SubG1 in detriment to the other phases. Additional studies are needed to fully elucidate the mechanism of antiproliferative action of AgNPs and to discover other properties of the fraction that are enhanced by the synthesis of nanoparticles. However, it can be concluded that it is possible to synthesize AgNPs with acidic polysaccharides from S. schr?ederi using a green method and that these AgNPs showed more pronounced antiproliferative activity than their precursors.

Les pratiques paysannes s’inscrivent à la fois dans une perspective globale et une histoire longue. D’une part, en faisant appel à tous les domaines qui composent la vie paysanne (économique, politique, social, religieux, culturel, etc.), elles revendiquent une interdisciplinarité pratique. D’autre part, en se référant à leur mémoire, les paysans invitent à la réconciliation entre le passé, le présent et l’avenir. Il en résulte alors une incompatibilité grandissante entre l’offre du développement véhiculée par les acteurs extérieurs (l’État, les ONG, les organismes internationaux, etc.) et la demande du développement faite par les paysans. On peut le comprendre. En effet, cette demande du développement se base fondamentalement sur quatre principaux aspects : l’interdépendance, la diversité, le lien social et la sécurité individuelle et collective. Cette thèse met en avant la notion de résistance. Elle a été réalisée à partir des travaux de terrain menés, pendant 5 ans, auprès des paysans de trois sections rurales de la Vallée de l’Artibonite en Haïti. Elle montre que leurs actions ou pratiques de développement, non seulement divergent profondément de la vision véhiculée par les acteurs extérieurs, mais surtout sont systématiquement en conflit avec celle-ci. En ce sens, elle remet en cause le paradigme dominant. Elle remet aussi en question toute autre approche qui présente le paysan comme quelqu’un qui se croise les bras et qui attend systématiquement de l’aide extérieure. Elle propose donc un nouveau regard sur le développement qui prend en compte, non seulement les paysans dans leur situation globale, mais aussi leurs relations avec les acteurs extérieurs. C’est donc cette nouvelle perspective qui, dans cette étude, a été qualifiée de « socio-historico-systémique ».

À La Réunion (île colonisée par la France à partir de 1663), le marronnage - ou résistance active à l'esclavage par la fuite volontaire des asservis - était jusqu'alors uniquement dépeint par des sources écrites, desquelles subsistent d'importants vides documentaires concernant le mode de vie des fugitifs et la localisation de leurs camps. Afin de combler ces lacunes, des travaux d'archéologie inédits ont été réalisés. La démarche s' est d'abord basée sur le réexamen de la documentation existante sous un angle archéospatial, puis sur l'acquisition de données matérielles originales par la conduite de prospections pédestres et sondages archéologiques. Le croisement de diverses sources a permis de dresser un inventaire critique des lieux du marronnage connus et de leur potentiel de relocalisation. Par les résultats des prospections corrélés aux archives, plusieurs sites d'habitat attribuables aux « Petits-Blancs» (groupe de paysans en quête de terres qui succédèrent aux marrons) ont été mis au jour. Des sondages effectués sur trois sites ont révélés des occupations représentatives du marronnage et du peuplement pérenne postérieur. Les résultats obtenus à la « vallée secrète», premier témoin matériel du marronnage, ont apporté un éclairage nouveau sur la survie d'esclaves fugitifs en milieu inhospitalier. Les occupations fouillées des Petits-Blancs ont mis en lumière l'importance de leur impact sur le milieu naturel et démontré que la recherche des traces de marronnage est fortement tributaire de leurs vestiges aujourd'hui visibles dans l'espace. L'ensemble des données recueillies a permis d'établir une première carte archéologique de la zone des Hauts de La Réunion. / In Reunion (island colonized by the French from 1663), marronage- or one of the active forms of resistance to slavery by the voluntary escape of slaves -was hitherto only documented by written sources, in which remain significant vacuums concerning maroon mate rial way oflife and the location of their camps. ln order to fil! these gaps, unprecedented archaeological work has been conducted. The approach was firstly based on the review of existing written documentation from an archeogeographic perspective, then on the acquisition of original mate rial data by the conduction of field surveys and excavations. The cross-checking of various sources has enabled a critical inventory of known maroon sites and the potential to rediscover their location. Based on the results of the surveys correlated with the archives, many "Petits Blancs" settlements (group of peasants in search for lands who succeeded the marnons) were discovered. Excavations carried out on three sites have revealed representative occupations of both marnons and posterior permanent settlement. The results yielded on the "secret valley" site, the obtaining of the first material evidence of marronage, have brought new insights about maroon survival strategies in an inhospitable environment. The excavated occupations of the "Petits Blancs" highlighted the importance of their impact on the natural environment and demonstrated that the search for maroon traces is heavily dependent on their remains that are visible in that area today. Overall, ail the data collected has led to the first archaeological mapping of the highland areas of Reunion.

[pt] O presente trabalho investiga a constitucionalização, validade e facticidade do direito dos quilombos no Brasil com fundamento na ética do discurso de Habermas. A partir de casos concretos se tentou demonstrar a força da etnicidade na definição do direito dos quilombos, bem como o modo como as instituições jurídicas e políticas atuam na dinâmica de conflito em torno destes direitos. Buscou-se analisar o discurso parlamentar, judicial, do Ministério Público, agentes do mercado, da burocracia e do saber antropológicos na operação da dinâmica em torno da aplicação dos direitos étnicos e territoriais das comunidades negras rurais remanescentes de quilombos. Observa-se do ponto de vista sociológico o controle de constitucionalidade abstrato e concreto e a judicialização das relações étnicas no campo específico dos quilombos. Faz-se também análise dos discursos especializados no campo do direito, da antropologia e da historiografia em torno do Art. 68 do Ato das Disposições Constitucionais Transitórias – ADCT da Carta Constitucional de 1988. / [en] This paper investigates the constitutionalization, validity and factuality of the rights of Quilombos in Brazil basis it on the ethical Habermas s speech. From concrete cases it was tried to demonstrate the strength of the ethnicity in defining the right of Quilombos, and how the legal and political institutions work in the dynamics of conflict around these rights. It was sought to analyze the speech of Parliamentary, Judicial, Prosecution, Market Agents, Bureaucracy Agents and the Anthropological knowladge on the dynamics of the operation around the application of ethnic and territorial rigths of the remaining rural black communities of quilombos. From the sociological point of view the constitutional control abstract and concrete and the legalization of ethnic relations in the specific field of quilombos. It is also analyse specialized discourses in the field of Law, Anthropology and Historiography around the article 68 of the Constitutional Provisions - ADCT of the Constitutional Charter of 1988.

Cette recherche en archéologie de la période moderne porte sur le magasin de l'habitation Loyola, un ancien établissement agricole de Guyane administré par des missionnaires jésuites entre 1668 et 1768. L'objectif premier consiste à documenter le magasin de l'habitation d'un point de vue fonctionnel et chronologique à partir de l'étude exhaustive de la culture matérielle et des vestiges architecturaux. Cette recherche concerne l'époque coloniale qui a vu l'arrivée massive d'esclaves africains en Guyane et aconduit àl'interaction entre trois groupes culturels : les colons européens, les populations amérindiennes et les membres de la diaspora africaine. Dans cette optique, un second objectif consiste à documenter les manifestations des identités culturelles et la dynamique sociale résultant de l'interaction quotidienne entre ces groupes sous l'Ancien Régime. Les données de ce mémoire sont issues d'interventions archéologiques conduites entre 2011 et 2015, qui ont permis de témoigner de multiples phases d'occupation à l'intérieur et aux abords du magasin. Le riche assemblage de mobilier archéologique issu des fouilles a fait l'objet d'analyses fonctionnelles et spatiales et les résultats ont permis d'identifier une partie des objets entreposés à l'intérieur du magasin, en l'occurrence des outils artisanaux, des instruments agricoles et des fragments de bouteilles destinés à la conservation des alcools. Au sud du bâtiment, un important dépôt d'objets domestiques aété répertorié.En ciblant certains éléments du mobilier et à l'aide de données historiques et ethno-historiques, certaines catégories d'objets ont été mis en relation avec les groupes culturels attestés sur le site. L'originalité de cette recherche réside dans le fait qu'il s'agit d'une première étude exhaustive visant à documenter un magasin d'habitation agricole en Guyane. Enfin, la mise en lumière des phénomènes de métissage culturel contribue à l'avancement des connaissances sur les développements de la société créole en Guyane française. / This research in historical archaeology focusses on the storehouse of the habitation Loyola, an agricultural establishment located in French Guiana and administered by Jesuit missionaries between 1668 and 1768. The primary objective is to document the storehouse of the habitation using a functional and chronological perspective based on anexhaustive study of the material culture and the architectural remains. This research seeks to explore the colonial era which saw the arrival of African slaves in Guiana and later led to the interaction between three major cultural groups: European settlers, Amerindian peoples and members of the African diaspora. A second objective is to document the material expression of cultural identities and social dynamics resulting from the interaction between these groups under the Ancien Régime. The data for this master's thesis are based on archaeological investigations carried out between 2011 and 2015, which revealed multiple phases of occupation inside and outside the storehouse. The rich collection of archaeological materials from the excavations are the object of functional and spatial analyse and the results allowed us to identify a part of the objects stored inside the storehouse, in this case craft tools, agricultural instruments and fragments of bottles intended for the preservation of alcohols. South ofthe building, an important deposit of domestic remains associated with kitchen activities was documented. Moreover, by targeting certain elements of the furniture and assemblages and ethno-historical data, certain categories of objects have been associated with specific cultural groups present on site. The originality of this research lies in the fact that this is the first exhaustive study aimed at documenting a storehouse in context of an agricultural establishment in French Guiana. Finally, highlightingthe phenomena of metissagecontributes to the advancement of knowledge on the developments of the Creole society in French Guiana.