Resumo: O desenvolvimento de materiais compósitos poliméricos utilizando fibras naturais como reforço é crescente e vêm ocupando novos segmentos de mercado, devido ao baixo custo das fibras, biodegradabilidade, menor densidade e boas propriedades mecânicas. Nesta pesquisa foram desenvolvidos compósitos, a partir de fibras de celulose do bagaço de cana de açúcar como reforço em polietileno de alta densidade. Foram avaliados os tratamentos superficiais das fibras, o percentual das fibras, o tipo de processamento, o uso de agente compatibilizante, o tipo de fibra natural e tratamento e as propriedades dos compósitos. Para a caracterização das fibras e dos compósitos foram utilizadas técnicas de microscopia eletrônica de varredura, difratometria de Raios X, espectroscopia na região do infravermelho, termogravimetria e calorimetria exploratória diferencial. As propriedades mecânicas destes materiais foram estudadas através de ensaios normalizados de resistência à tração, resistência à flexão e resistência ao impacto. Também foram avaliadas absorções de água e massa específica dos compósitos. Os resultados obtidos demonstram a influência do tratamento superficial das fibras sobre as propriedades mecânicas. O tipo de processamento, o uso do agente compatibilizante, o tipo de fibra e tratamento influenciaram nas propriedades mecânicas dos compósitos. A adição de fibras de bagaço em matriz de PEAD melhorou as propriedades mecânicas comparado à matriz pura, e uma possível redução no custo sugere uma aplicação industrial do produto final. / Abstract: The development of polymeric material composites using natural fibers as reinforcement is increasing and it is occupying new market segments, due to the fibers low cost, biodegradability, low density and good mechanical properties. In this research composites were developed from sugarcane bagasse cellulose fibers as reinforcement in high density polyethylene. The influence of the superficial treatment on fibers, percentage of fibers, processing type, use of coupling agent, natural fibers type and treatments and properties of the composite were also evaluated. For the characterization of fibers and composites, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometry, infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry techniques were used. The mechanical properties of these materials were evaluated through the tensile strength, flexural strength and impact strength standard tests. Water absorption and specific mass of the composites were also studied. The obtained results demonstrated the great influence of the fibers superficial treatment on the mechanical properties. The processing type, use of coupling agent, natural fibers type and treatments influenced the mechanical properties of the analyzed compositions. The addition of sugarcane bagasse cellulose fibers modified and nonmodified as reinforcement in the HDPE matrix improved the mechanical properties compared to the matrix, and a possible cost reduction suggests an industrial applicability of the final product. / Orientador: Herman Jacobus Cornelis Voorwald / Coorientador: Maria Lucia C. P. da Silva / Banca: Adilson Roberto Gonçalves / Banca: George Jackson Rocha / Banca: Mirabel Cerqueira Rezende / Banca: Silvia Helena Prado Bettini / Doutor

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:35:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-09-09Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:46:20Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 mulinari_dr_dr_guara.pdf: 2359381 bytes, checksum: e8406eba1afa59be605563be05adf095 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O desenvolvimento de materiais compósitos poliméricos utilizando fibras naturais como reforço é crescente e vêm ocupando novos segmentos de mercado, devido ao baixo custo das fibras, biodegradabilidade, menor densidade e boas propriedades mecânicas. Nesta pesquisa foram desenvolvidos compósitos, a partir de fibras de celulose do bagaço de cana de açúcar como reforço em polietileno de alta densidade. Foram avaliados os tratamentos superficiais das fibras, o percentual das fibras, o tipo de processamento, o uso de agente compatibilizante, o tipo de fibra natural e tratamento e as propriedades dos compósitos. Para a caracterização das fibras e dos compósitos foram utilizadas técnicas de microscopia eletrônica de varredura, difratometria de Raios X, espectroscopia na região do infravermelho, termogravimetria e calorimetria exploratória diferencial. As propriedades mecânicas destes materiais foram estudadas através de ensaios normalizados de resistência à tração, resistência à flexão e resistência ao impacto. Também foram avaliadas absorções de água e massa específica dos compósitos. Os resultados obtidos demonstram a influência do tratamento superficial das fibras sobre as propriedades mecânicas. O tipo de processamento, o uso do agente compatibilizante, o tipo de fibra e tratamento influenciaram nas propriedades mecânicas dos compósitos. A adição de fibras de bagaço em matriz de PEAD melhorou as propriedades mecânicas comparado à matriz pura, e uma possível redução no custo sugere uma aplicação industrial do produto final. / The development of polymeric material composites using natural fibers as reinforcement is increasing and it is occupying new market segments, due to the fibers low cost, biodegradability, low density and good mechanical properties. In this research composites were developed from sugarcane bagasse cellulose fibers as reinforcement in high density polyethylene. The influence of the superficial treatment on fibers, percentage of fibers, processing type, use of coupling agent, natural fibers type and treatments and properties of the composite were also evaluated. For the characterization of fibers and composites, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometry, infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry techniques were used. The mechanical properties of these materials were evaluated through the tensile strength, flexural strength and impact strength standard tests. Water absorption and specific mass of the composites were also studied. The obtained results demonstrated the great influence of the fibers superficial treatment on the mechanical properties. The processing type, use of coupling agent, natural fibers type and treatments influenced the mechanical properties of the analyzed compositions. The addition of sugarcane bagasse cellulose fibers modified and nonmodified as reinforcement in the HDPE matrix improved the mechanical properties compared to the matrix, and a possible cost reduction suggests an industrial applicability of the final product.

Textile materials and textile design are a part of countless products in our surroundings,as well as diverse design fields and industries, each of which has very different materialtraditions and working methods. The aim of this thesis is to add to our understandingof the relationship between textiles and products in the design process, and to explorehow textiles enter and influence product design processes and how products functionin textile design processes. A further aim is to examine the effect of new textiletechnology, such as smart textiles and 3D printed textiles, on this dynamic. This thesis is the result of an interplay between theoretical work, experimentalpractice-based projects, and observation of design practice, and it presents two typesof results: Firstly, descriptions of how the relationship can manifest itself in the designprocess, which give a broad picture of the relationship between textile and productand in so doing add to our understanding of textiles as design materials and highlightsome of the additional complexities and possibilities for the design process that comewith new forms of textiles. Secondly, this thesis presents ways of describing thedynamics between textiles and products in the design process, with the intention ofopening up for reflection on how we design, and can design, with textiles. Here, themain outcome is a theoretical framework which examines the relationship from botha product design and a textile design perspective, and includes methods and questionsthat can be used to explore and define how textiles and products meet in the designprocess.