Thesis (M.S.)--University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2009. / Title from first page of PDF file (viewed on June 11, 2009). Includes bibliographical references.

Diss. med. dent. Zürich. / Literaturverz.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-04-11Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:31:02Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 tavares_aj_me_ilha.pdf: 2638696 bytes, checksum: bead0d992b9718edae9e9f933749cabb (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A aderência entre o aço e o concreto é fundamental para a existência das estruturas de concreto armado, uma vez que os dois materiais atuam em conjunto para absorver os esforços solicitantes. O fenômeno da aderência é considerado complexo no que se refere aos vários fatores que o influenciam. Para melhor compreender esse fenômeno, várias investigações vêm sendo realizadas, com o pretexto de estabelecer um parâmetro que expresse a evolução da tensão de aderência em função do deslizamento da barra de aço. Vários tipos de ensaios de aderência foram propostos ao longo dos anos. Dentre eles surgiu a proposta modificada do ensaio pull-out elaborada por Lorrain e Barbosa (2008) denominada de ensaio APULOT, e que vem a ser um dos objetivos desta avaliação numérica. Baseados nos resultados experimentais obtidos por Vale Silva (2010) e por Soudais (2011) quer seja para os ensaios pull-out convencionais, quer seja para o ensaio modificado, APULOT, procura-se, neste estudo, conhecer melhor o comportamento do fenômeno da aderência aço-concreto, através da simulação numérica. Este trabalho avalia a distribuição de tensões e a fissuração do concreto que ocorre durante os ensaios de arrancamento pull-out e APULOT através da análise numérica utilizando o código de cálculo ATENA, baseado no Método dos Elementos Finitos (MEF), o qual possui elemento de interface baseado no modelo de Mohr-Coulomb. Avalia-se também a influência de alguns parâmetros que intervêm no comportamento da aderência aço-concreto, tais como: o diâmetro da armadura, a resistência à compressão do concreto e o comprimento de ancoragem. A análise numérica serviu como uma ferramenta de apoio aos ensaios experimentais, que visam a validação, validação parcial, ou não recomendação do ensaio de aderência... / The bond between steel and concrete is essential for the existence of reinforced concrete structures as both materials act together to absorb the structural strain. The bond phenomenon is considered to be complex regarding many factors that affect it. To better understand this phenomenon, many investigations have been conducted under the pretext of establishing a parameter that express the evolution of the bond stress versus the steel bar slip. Several types of bond tests have been proposed over years. Among those tests, the modified pull-out test developed by Lorrain and Barbosa (2008), called APULOT test, is one of the objectives of this numerical evaluation. Based on experimental results obtained by Vale Silva (2010) and Soudais (2011) either by conventional pull-out tests, or by modified test APULOT, we search in this study to better understand the behavior of the steel-concrete bond phenomenon through numerical simulation. This study evaluates the stress distribution and the concrete cracking that occurs during pull-out and APULOT tests through numerical analysis, using ATENA calculation code, based on the Finite Element Method (FEM), which has interface elements based on Mohr-Coulomb model. It is also evaluated the influence of several parameters that affect the behavior of the steel-concrete bond such as the reinforcement diameter, the concrete compressive strength and the anchorage length. Numerical analysis worked as a tool to support experimental tests aimed at validation, partial validation or non-recommendation of the modified testing of steel-concrete bond - APULOT test - as a quality control test of structural... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:32:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:08:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Dissertacao (Mestrado) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP

Orientador: Mônica Pinto Barbosa / Coorientador: André Luís Gamino / Banca: Ana Elisabete Paganelli Guimarães de Avila Jacintho. / Banca: Helena Maria Cunha do Carmo Antunes / Resumo: A aderência entre o aço e o concreto é fundamental para a existência das estruturas de concreto armado, uma vez que os dois materiais atuam em conjunto para absorver os esforços solicitantes. O fenômeno da aderência é considerado complexo no que se refere aos vários fatores que o influenciam. Para melhor compreender esse fenômeno, várias investigações vêm sendo realizadas, com o pretexto de estabelecer um parâmetro que expresse a evolução da tensão de aderência em função do deslizamento da barra de aço. Vários tipos de ensaios de aderência foram propostos ao longo dos anos. Dentre eles surgiu a proposta modificada do ensaio pull-out elaborada por Lorrain e Barbosa (2008) denominada de ensaio APULOT, e que vem a ser um dos objetivos desta avaliação numérica. Baseados nos resultados experimentais obtidos por Vale Silva (2010) e por Soudais (2011) quer seja para os ensaios pull-out convencionais, quer seja para o ensaio modificado, APULOT, procura-se, neste estudo, conhecer melhor o comportamento do fenômeno da aderência aço-concreto, através da simulação numérica. Este trabalho avalia a distribuição de tensões e a fissuração do concreto que ocorre durante os ensaios de arrancamento pull-out e APULOT através da análise numérica utilizando o código de cálculo ATENA, baseado no Método dos Elementos Finitos (MEF), o qual possui elemento de interface baseado no modelo de Mohr-Coulomb. Avalia-se também a influência de alguns parâmetros que intervêm no comportamento da aderência aço-concreto, tais como: o diâmetro da armadura, a resistência à compressão do concreto e o comprimento de ancoragem. A análise numérica serviu como uma ferramenta de apoio aos ensaios experimentais, que visam a validação, validação parcial, ou não recomendação do ensaio de aderência... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The bond between steel and concrete is essential for the existence of reinforced concrete structures as both materials act together to absorb the structural strain. The bond phenomenon is considered to be complex regarding many factors that affect it. To better understand this phenomenon, many investigations have been conducted under the pretext of establishing a parameter that express the evolution of the bond stress versus the steel bar slip. Several types of bond tests have been proposed over years. Among those tests, the modified pull-out test developed by Lorrain and Barbosa (2008), called APULOT test, is one of the objectives of this numerical evaluation. Based on experimental results obtained by Vale Silva (2010) and Soudais (2011) either by conventional pull-out tests, or by modified test APULOT, we search in this study to better understand the behavior of the steel-concrete bond phenomenon through numerical simulation. This study evaluates the stress distribution and the concrete cracking that occurs during pull-out and APULOT tests through numerical analysis, using ATENA calculation code, based on the Finite Element Method (FEM), which has interface elements based on Mohr-Coulomb model. It is also evaluated the influence of several parameters that affect the behavior of the steel-concrete bond such as the reinforcement diameter, the concrete compressive strength and the anchorage length. Numerical analysis worked as a tool to support experimental tests aimed at validation, partial validation or non-recommendation of the modified testing of steel-concrete bond - APULOT test - as a quality control test of structural... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:32:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:08:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Três métodos de obtenção de pó de U3O8 de alta densidade foram estudados: trituração de pastilhas sInterizadas de U3O8; sinterização de grânulos de U3O8 calcinado; e sinterização de grânulos de diuranato de amônio (DUA). Testes foram conduzidos variando-se a temperatura e o tempo de calcinação do DUA, bem como o tempo de sinterização, resultando em dez lotes de U3O8. Os processos foram comparados em termos de características dos pós obtidos, rendimento granulométríco e número de etapas. O teor de impurezas, a área de superfície específica, a estequiometria, a morfologia, a densidade, a distribuição de porosidade e a identificação de fases foram considerados como parametros de caracterização dos pós. As principais conclusões mostraram que o segundo método (no qual o DUA foi calcinado a 600°C por 3h) forneceu os melhores resultados. Além disso, o terceiro método também produziu bons resultados, porém com dificuldades de manuseio do DUA. / Dissertacao (Mestrado) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP

The effect of uni-directional stress on the electrode potential of copper in aerated potassium nitrate solutions was studied. The influence of the variables time, temperature, concentration, magnitude of stress, mechanical condition of the metal, and pH was considered. The potential difference between two size #22 B & S copper wires was continuously recorded on a type G Speedomax automatic recorder. A balance pan was attached to one of the wires to which weights were added and the change in the potential difference between the two wires from the pre-stress potential difference was taken as the strain potential. At least four runs, using fresh pairs of wires for each run, were carried out to illustrate each specific point and to show the results have statistical significance and are reproducible. The following results were obtained: (A) Electronegative strain potentials have been obtained for copper metal in aerated potassium nitrate solution; these changes achieve a maximum at the instant of stressing and then decay with a negative acceleration with time. After an initial period of time, the strain potential decayed logarithmically with time. The magnitude of the electronegative strain potential for a given stress increased exponentially with the reciprocal of the absolute temperature and remained essentially unchanged for concentration changes ranging from 0.005N to 0.500N. (B) Experimental evidence was obtained to support the postulate that strain potentials of copper metal in aerated potassium nitrate solution and their time dependence parallel film rupture; the effect of the change in internal energy due to plastic deformation cannot be ignored. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department of / Graduate

Nanoindentation has brought in many features of research over the past decade. This novel technique is capable of producing insights into the small ranges of deformation. This special point has brought a lot of focus in understanding the deformation behavior under the indenter. Nickel, iron, tungsten and copper-niobium alloy system were considered for a surface deformation study. All the samples exhibited a spectrum of residual deformation. The change in behavior with indentation and the materials responses to deformation at low and high loads is addressed in this study. A study on indenter geometry, which has a huge influence on the contact area and subsequently the hardness and modulus value, has been attempted. Deformation mechanisms that govern the plastic flow in materials at low loads of indentation and their sensitivity to the rate of strain imparted has been studied. A transition to elastic, plastic kind of a tendency to an elasto-plastic tendency was seen with an increase in the strain rate. All samples exhibited the same kind of behavior and a special focus is drawn in comparing the FCC nickel with BCC tungsten and iron where the persistence of the elastic, plastic response was addressed. However there is no absolute reason for the inconsistencies in the mechanical properties observed in preliminary testing, more insights can be provided with advanced microscopy techniques where the study can be focused more to understand the deformation behavior under the indenter. These experiments demonstrate that there is a wealth of information in the initial stages of indentation and has led to much more insights into the incipient stages of plasticity.

A knowledge of the behavior of a material under loading similar to expected service loading is required before that material can be used effectively in the design process. Without sufficient mechanical properties data, the design process degenerates to a time consuming and often costly "build, test and modify" type of program. Obviously, this trial and error approach leaves much to be desired.