Objective: To explore 'Maternal Perception of Compliance in Adolescents Model.' The purpose of the model is to explore interrelated factors outside adolescents' agency, but which contribute to maternal perception of severity of compliance in adolescents. This model was originated from reflections on the practice of psychology. Methodology: This inquiry began with pilot studies consisting of a focus group with four parents and an interview. The pilot assisted the fine-tuning the instrument, addressing ethical concerns, forming analytical strategies and gathering a priori themes for the analysis of data from the thesis. The thesis is a qualitative inquiry, data was collected through interviews and utilised a 'maximum variation sampling' of ethnicity (Asian, White, and Black) with socioeconomic status (SES) (low, medium, and high), to recruit six mothers who had adolescent children. Analysis: There was a hybrid approach to the thematic analysis: a) in 'confirmatory analysis,' a priori themes were deductively confirmed and b) in 'exploratory analysis,' new emergent themes were inductively identified. In the first part of the analysis each participant's data was individually analysed, using the hybrid method, to explore the factors that contributed to the model. The second part of the analysis was a 'cross-case analysis,' in which factors identified as contributing to the model, in the first part of the analysis were consolidated to further explore the model. Results: Various types of knowledge (self-reflective, observational, academic, transgenerational, maternal), notions of an ideal child, expectations, style of parenting, style of attribution, maternal anxiety, SES, and single-motherhood were identified as having an effect on the model. In terms of exploration of the model: a) The expectations were largely affected by maternal ideals and standards about adolescents. b) These ideals and standards were derived from their previously acquired knowledge. c) Mothers used the resources at their disposal based on their SES and authoritative parenting style to nurture the child toward their notion of an ideal child. d) The maternal anxiety/single mother/permissive parenting style and some types of knowledge affected the expectation of degree of compliance. e) Mothers often rationalised or justified children's noncompliance through a system called the 'mediating mechanism.' f) Some types of knowledge, mixed parenting style, and external attribution were involved in the 'mediating mechanism.' g) Maternal perception of the extent of adolescents' compliance was based on their degree of expectation of compliance, i.e. the more divergence between the expectations and perception of compliance, the more severe or problematic the perception of compliance. h) Maternal views on compliance varied between mothers, based on their parenting styles. Conclusions: Maternal perception of severity of compliance is not entirely based on children's actual behaviour; rather it is influenced by number of factors that are outside the children's agency. The model, which illustrates how maternal perception of severity of compliance is formed, could have a significant impact on diagnosis and treatment options for compliance related disorders. The subjective diagnostic criteria for evaluating compliance in the DSM-5, augment this complexity in diagnosis and treatment. A larger scale replication of the study is warranted to elicit generalisation.

Orientador: Olga Maria Piazentin Rolim Rodrigues / Resumo: A unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal (UTIN), embora seja um ambiente de cuidados especiais para garantir a sobrevivência de recém-nascidos, tende a suscitar, nas mães e familiares percepções e sentimentos ambíguos sobre os eventos relacionados a internação e, ainda, alterar a saúde emocional dos envolvidos. Esses aspectos podem ser influenciados pelo tempo de internação do bebê. O presente projeto foi dividido em duas etapas. Na primeira Etapa 1 pretendeu-se elaborar e adequar instrumentos que possibilitassem a investigação da percepção e de sentimentos que mães de bebês internados em UTIN têm a respeito desta condição. O resultado foi a elaboração dos instrumentos: Protocolo para avaliação da percepção materna sobre a condição do bebê internado em UTIN, com 24 itens e, o Protocolo de avaliação de sentimentos, com três itens de múltipla escolha, para identificação da frequência e justificativa dos sentimentos emergidos no momento da notícia, durante e após a hospitalização. A Etapa 2 é composta por cinco estudos, com o objetivo de avaliar os sentimentos e a percepção materna sobre a internação, a saúde emocional materna, o apoio social percebido e as estratégias de enfrentamentos, relacionando-os com o tempo de internação. Os dados de todos eles foram obtidos de uma amostra de 50 mães de bebês internados em UTIN da Maternidade Santa Isabel, da cidade de Bauru/SP, há pelo menos três dias. Utilizou-se para a avaliação da saúde emocional materna a Escala de Estresse Percebido... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), although it is a special care environment to ensure the survival of newborns, tends to raise in mothers and relatives ambiguous perceptions and feelings about hospitalization events and change the emotional health of those involved. These aspects can be influenced by the length of time the baby is hospitalized. This project was divided into two stages. In the first stage 1, it was intended to elaborate and adapt instruments that would enable the investigation of the perception and feelings that mothers of infants admitted to NICU have regarding this condition. The result was the elaboration of the instruments: Protocol for the evaluation of maternal perception on the condition of the baby hospitalized in NICU, with 24 items and the Protocol of feelings evaluation, with three multiple-choice items, to identify the frequency and justification of feelings emerged at the time of the news, during and after hospitalization. The Step 2 is composed of five studies, with the objective of evaluating maternal feelings and perceptions about hospitalization, maternal emotional health, perceived social support and coping strategies, relating them to length of stay. Data from all of them were obtained from a sample of 50 mothers of infants admitted to a NICU at Maternidade Santa Isabel, in the city of Bauru / SP, for at least three days. The Perceived Stress Scale, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and the Beck Depression Inventory were used to asse... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Submitted by Maike Costa (maiksebas@gmail.com) on 2017-03-28T12:38:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1150625 bytes, checksum: b0e0a3913288ceffc2b7342be18b0745 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-28T12:38:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1150625 bytes, checksum: b0e0a3913288ceffc2b7342be18b0745 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-20 / ABSTRACT – The social interactions of the child are fundamental for the childish development and language. In this context we highlight the role of adults in the provision of care, stimulation and creation of contexts that foster this development. This development is also affected by perceptions that parents, especially mothers, have about infant sociocommunicative and language skills. In addition, studies indicate that the twin condition would be one of the main aspects for an initial delay in language acquisition due to a different pattern of interaction between twins that seems not to enable the need and objective motivation of verbal communication. In this study, the discussions around this issue are supported by the historical-cultural model, which holds that during the first years of life, babies are sensitive to early interventions that would happen in their experiences and social situation of development in which they are immersed. In face of that, the objective of this study was to identify and analyze the perceptions and expectations of mothers of twins about sociocommunicative and language skills of their babies in their first two years of life. The nine mothers of twins that participated in this study were equally divided into three groups. The ages of the babies ranged between 7 and 23 months. Mothers belonged to different socioeconomic classes and levels of education, living in their own homes, with an average of 27 years (SD = 4.24). To collect the data a sociodemographic questionnaire and a semistructured interview were used. The analysis of maternal responses to the interview followed the content analysis technique proposed in Bardin (2004). The results showed variations in perceptions of mothers on the development of twin children, when considered the mother’s instructional level, the skills of the babies in their own period of development, and the experiences of these mothers with their other children. The interview analysis identified ambivalent maternal feelings that enfolds the experience with multiple births, especially relating to the discovery that they would be mothers of twins. The questions about child global development allowed raise the mothers' perception about dimensions of development, skills and temperament characteristics of twins, their expectations and factors that helped the development of their children. It is relevant to mention that most mothers recurrently used as pattern of differentiation between the twins the describing different aspects of global and language development. Specifically on maternal perceptions of sociocommunicative skills of their twin babies, the mothers reported distinctions and characteristics of the first verbal productions, gestures and behaviors of their children that they perceived sometimes as having a meaning and sometimes as indication of a communicative intention, especially in the group of mothers of babies in their second year of life. This study reaffirms the potential of mediated social interaction and culture for the development of children's social cognition and language, and argues that a better understanding of the perceptions, expectations and feelings of twin children's mothers can help create educational contexts to foster learning. / RESUMO: As interações sociais iniciais da criança são fundamentais para o desenvolvimento infantil e da linguagem. Nesse âmbito, destaca-se o papel dos adultos no provimento de cuidados, estímulos e criação de contextos que favoreçam o desenvolvimento. Esse desenvolvimento também é influenciado pelas percepções que os pais, em especial as mães, possuem acerca das habilidades sociocomunicativas e linguísticas infantis. Além disso, pesquisas referem que a condição gemelar seria um dos principais aspectos para um atraso inicial na aquisição da linguagem, devido a um padrão diferenciado de interação entre gêmeos que parece não oportunizar a necessidade e a motivação objetiva de comunicação verbal. Neste estudo, as discussões em torno dessa questão são sustentadas pelo modelo histórico-cultural, que defende que, nos primeiros anos de vida, os bebês estariam sensíveis a intervenções precoces que se dariam em suas vivências e na situação social de desenvolvimento em que estão imersos. Diante disso, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi conhecer e analisar as percepções e expectativas de mães de gemelares acerca das habilidades sociocomunicativas e linguísticas de seus bebês nos 2 primeiros anos de vida. As nove mães de gemelares participantes deste estudo foram distribuídas igualmente em três grupos. As idades dos bebês variaram entre 7 e 23 meses. As mães eram de classes socioeconômicas e níveis de instrução diversos, residentes em seus próprios domicílios, com média de 27 anos (DP = 4.24). Para a coleta de dados, foram utilizados um questionário sociodemográfico e uma entrevista semiestruturada. A análise das respostas maternas à entrevista seguiu a técnica de análise de conteúdo proposta por Bardin (2004). Os resultados encontrados demonstraram variações nas percepções das mães sobre o desenvolvimento dos filhos(as) gêmeos(as), quando considerados o nível instrucional das mães, as habilidades dos bebês em cada período de seu desenvolvimento, e as experiências dessas mães com seus outros filhos. A análise da entrevista permitiu identificar sentimentos maternos ambivalentes que perpassam a descoberta e experiência com a gemelaridade, As questões sobre o desenvolvimento global infantil permitiram levantar a percepção das mães sobre dimensões do desenvolvimento, habilidades e características de temperamento dos gêmeos, suas expectativas e fatores que auxiliavam no desenvolvimento dos(as) filhos(as). Especificamente sobre as percepções maternas das habilidades sociocomunicativas de seus bebês, foram relatadas distinções e características das primeiras produções verbais, gestos e comportamentos dos filhos, atribuídos por parte das mães ora como tendo um significado, ora indicando uma intenção comunicativa, principalmente no grupo de mães de bebês do segundo ano de vida. Este estudo reafirma o potencial das interações sociais mediadas e da cultura para o desenvolvimento da cognição social infantil e da linguagem, como também defende que uma maior compreensão sobre as percepções, expectativas e sentimentos de mães de crianças gêmeas pode auxiliar na criação de contextos educativos mais favoráveis de aprendizado.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T13:16:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1218590 bytes, checksum: e0e2b992d2b51792602fe1517c8deeb4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-24 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Childhood is characterized as the crucial period for the appearance of typical human skills and potentials, which allow the child to a gradual appropriation of culture and its artifacts. In this sense, when the adults interact with babies and attribute meaning to their actions, they favor the emergence of the ability of infant intentional communication. The literature in this topic indicates that the mothers perceptions about the communicative intentionality of the baby and its implications for the infant behavior may have important effects throughout the child's development. Thus, the objective of this dissertation was to know the maternal perceptions about the ability of intentional communication of infants in the first year of life, and more specifically propose an instrument capable of to detect those perceptions. The study included 40 mothers, being 20 mothers of 4 months babies and 20 mothers of 9 months babies. Maternal age ranged from 21 to 36 years, mean 29.23 (SD = 4.54). Twenty-four mothers were primiparous and 16 secundiparous. For data collection, were used a sociodemographic questionnaire, an Initial Interview about mothers' perceptions about the overall development of their children and a semi-structured interview, result from the semantic adaptation process of the Infant Intentionality Questionnaire. Initially, the information concerning sociodemographic questionnaire data were listed. The interviews were transcribed verbatim, and then made the floating read and the survey of the frequencies of the responses reported by the mothers in each age group studied. Besides frequency, were considered the similarities and contradictions of the mothers discourse, a qualitative content analysis being done. The results demonstrated that mothers with higher educational levels showed, in general, more elaborate answers and more information about the baby's development and dyadic relationship. Regarding the number of children, most secundiparous mothers reported that experiences with the first child contributed to the perception and actual practice of them with the baby. As regards the age of the baby, differences were found between the responses of the two groups of mothers, especially regarding maternal perceptions of babies intentional communication ability. Mothers of 9 months babies reported greater number of intentional communicative behaviors and showed more clear examples of such actions than mothers of 4 months babies. It is emphasized that these differences in maternal responses may be related to each specific period of child development and acquisitions that take place over social interactions. Moreover, the Maternal perception of intentional communication ability of baby interview, instrument proposed at the end of this paper, can contribute to actions of psychologists and scholars of language that aim at to capture the maternal perceptions of infant intentional communication ability and to analyze the language sociopragmatic domain. It is considered that the present study can aid the discussion of maternal perceptions and practices and the early identification of developmental disorders and deficits in communication and language, providing support to the practices of psychologists in the guidelines to parents, caregivers and/or educators. / A infância caracteriza-se como o período crucial para o surgimento das habilidades e potencialidades tipicamente humanas, que permitem à criança uma gradativa apropriação da cultura e de seus artefatos. Nesse sentido, os adultos, ao interagirem com os bebês e atribuírem significado às suas ações, favorecem a emergência da habilidade de comunicação intencional infantil. A literatura sobre esse tema refere que as percepções das mães acerca da intencionalidade comunicativa do bebê e suas implicações nos comportamentos deste podem ter efeitos importantes ao longo do desenvolvimento infantil. Diante disso, o objetivo desta dissertação foi conhecer as percepções maternas acerca da habilidade de comunicação intencional de bebês no primeiro ano de vida e, mais especificamente, propor um instrumento capaz de apreender essas percepções. Participaram do estudo 40 mães, sendo 20 mães de bebês de 4 meses e 20 mães de bebês de 9 meses. A idade das mães variou entre 21 e 36 anos, com média 29,23 (DP = 4,54). Vinte e quatro mães eram primíparas e 16 secundíparas. Para a coleta de dados, foram utilizados um questionário sociodemográfico, uma entrevista inicial acerca das percepções maternas sobre o desenvolvimento global dos seus filhos e uma entrevista semiestruturada resultante do processo de adaptação semântica do Infant Intentionality Questionnaire. Inicialmente, foram levantadas as informações referentes aos dados do questionário sociodemográfico. As entrevistas foram transcritas de forma literal; em seguida, foi realizada a leitura flutuante e o levantamento das frequências de respostas das mães de cada grupo de idade estudado. Além da frequência, foram consideradas as semelhanças e contradições dos discursos das mães, sendo feita uma análise qualitativa de conteúdo. Os resultados demonstraram que as mães com um nível educacional maior apresentaram, de maneira geral, respostas mais elaboradas e com maiores informações sobre o desenvolvimento do bebê e a relação diádica. Com relação ao número de filhos, a maioria das mães secundíparas relatou que as experiências com o primeiro filho contribuíram para a percepção e as práticas atuais delas com o bebê. No que se refere à idade do bebê, foram encontradas diferenças entre as respostas dos dois grupos de mães, principalmente no tocante às percepções maternas acerca da habilidade de comunicação intencional dos bebês. As mães de bebês de 9 meses relataram maior número de comportamentos comunicativos intencionais e apresentaram exemplos mais claros de tais ações do que as mães de bebês de 4 meses. Ressalta-se que essas diferenças nas respostas maternas podem estar relacionadas a cada período específico do desenvolvimento infantil e às aquisições que se dão ao longo das interações sociais. Ademais, a Entrevista sobre percepção materna acerca da habilidade de comunicação intencional do bebê, instrumento proposto ao final deste trabalho, pode contribuir para ações de estudiosos da linguagem e psicólogos que visem a captar as percepções maternas acerca da habilidade de comunicação intencional dos bebês e analisar o domínio sociopragmático da linguagem. Considera-se que o presente estudo pode auxiliar a discussão em torno das percepções e práticas maternas e a identificação precoce de transtornos e déficits do desenvolvimento na área da comunicação e da linguagem, fornecendo subsídios às práticas de psicólogos nas orientações aos pais, cuidadores e/ou educadores.

El tamizaje neonatal es una prueba preventiva que ayuda a detectar enfermedades congénitas metabólicas en el recién nacido a través de un procedimiento rápido, sencillo y seguro, consiste en la extracción de una gota de sangre del talón del neonato para proceder a analizarlo en un laboratorio. En este contexto, las madres son partícipes de esta prueba, es por ello que se desea conocer la percepción acerca de este examen preventivo para que los profesionales de salud mejoren la calidad del cuidado brindado. El presente trabajo de investigación tuvo como objetivo: Analizar y describir la percepción sobre el tamizaje neonatal de las madres del Hospital Las Mercedes de Chiclayo, 2023. El tipo de investigación fue descriptivo con enfoque cualitativo. Los sujetos que participaron fueron madres con hijos tamizados en el Hospital Las Mercedes, la muestra es no probabilística, por conveniencia. Para la obtención de datos se empleó una guía de entrevista semiestructurada. Se consideraron los principios de rigor científico y ético de Sgreccia. Posteriormente, el proyecto fue evaluado por el Comité de Ética en Investigación de la Facultad de Medicina. Los resultados se agruparon por categorías: Importancia del tamizaje neonatal, educación proporcionada por la enfermera al momento del tamizaje neonatal, satisfacción de las madres en el cuidado de enfermería al momento de realizar el tamizaje neonatal y sugerencias de las madres para mejorar el proceso del tamizaje neonatal. / Neonatal screening is a preventive test that helps to detect congenital metabolic diseases in the newborn through a quick, simple and safe procedure, which consists of extracting a drop of blood from the newborn's heel to proceed to analyze it in a laboratory. . In this context, mothers are participants in this test, which is why it is desired to know the perception of this preventive examination so that health professionals improve the quality of care provided. The objective of this research work was to: Analyze and describe the perception of mothers at Hospital Las Mercedes de Chiclayo on neonatal screening, 2023. The type of research was descriptive with a qualitative approach. The subjects who participated were mothers with children screened in the months of January to March at Hospital Las Mercedes, the sample is non-probabilistic, for convenience. To obtain data, a semi-structured interview guide was used. Sgreccia's principles of scientific and ethical rigor were considered. Subsequently, the project was evaluated by the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine. The research results were grouped by categories: Importance of neonatal screening, education provided by the nurse at the time of neonatal screening, satisfaction of mothers in nursing care at the time of neonatal screening, and mothers' suggestions to improve the neonatal screening process.

Objetivo: describir y analizar la percepción sobre factores predisponentes a Infecciones Respiratorias Agudas en madres de preescolares de una comunidad de Pomalca. Método: Investigación cualitativa, descriptiva, en una muestra de 12 madres de preescolares de la comunidad el Combo, determinada por saturación y redundancia de datos, el muestreo fue no probabilístico por conveniencia. Los datos se recolectaron a través de la entrevista semiestructurada, la cual fue validada por juicio de expertos y por una prueba piloto en 2 madres que cumplían con los criterios de inclusión. Los datos fueron procesados por el método de análisis de contenido temático. Resultados: Se obtuvieron 4 categorías: identificación de factores individuales, reconocimiento de factores en la vivienda, asimismo, identificación de los factores familiares y reconocimiento de factores ambientales como factor predisponente. Conclusión: En su mayoría, las madres de familia tienen una percepción adecuada y reconocen los diversos factores que predisponen a presentar una IRA en los menores de 5 años. Reconocen de manera correcta dentro de los factores familiares, la presencia de algún familiar fumador debido a las sustancias tóxicas que pueden inhalar los preescolares; pero existe una percepción incorrecta sobre la asociación del fumador pasivo (inhala el humo del cigarrillo) con presentar TBC. / Objective: to describe and analyze the perception of predisposing factors to Acute Respiratory Infections in mothers of preschoolers in a community of Pomalca. Method: Qualitative, descriptive research, in a sample of 12 mothers of preschoolers from the Combo community, determined by data saturation and redundancy, sampling was non-probabilistic for convenience. The data were collected through a semi-structured interview, which was validated by expert judgment and by a pilot test on 2 mothers who met the inclusion criteria. The data were processed by the thematic content analysis method. Results: 4 categories were obtained: identification of individual factors, recognition of factors in the home, also, identification of family factors and recognition of environmental factors as a predisposing factor. Conclusion: For the most part, mothers have an adequate perception and recognize the various factors that predispose children under 5 years of age to having an ARI. They correctly recognize within family factors, the presence of a family member who smokes due to the toxic substances that preschoolers can inhale; But there is an incorrect perception about the association of passive smoking (inhaling cigarette smoke) with developing TB.