Thesis (M.S.)--University of Texas. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1987. / Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 137-147).

Thesis--Columbia University. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 169-179).

Thesis (M.A.)--Ohio State University, 1947. / Includes bibliographical references. Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center

Addressing modifiable factors in perinatal mortality is a key priority for commissioners and service providers, aiming to improve birth outcomes and reduce preventable deaths (Department of Health, 2016; National Maternity Review, 2016). Luton, a town with a plural population, experiences higher rates of perinatal mortality than the national average (CDOP, 2015). Figures show an ethnic variation; Pakistani and Bangladeshi mothers experience higher rates of perinatal mortality in England compared with White British mothers, and the reasons for this are unclear. Much of the existing literature approaches the problem by examining individual risk factors quantitatively or exploring South Asian women’s experiences qualitatively. There is little research considering how Pakistani, Bangladeshi and White British women’s health beliefs impact on their health behaviour through the maternity care pathway, in Luton, and how this might contribute to perinatal mortality. This study takes an intersectional approach, using a convergent mixed-methods research design, reviewing retrospective secondary data (2008-2013) from the Luton and Dunstable Hospital NHS Foundation Trust’s Circona Maternity information System, to identify risk factors for perinatal mortality in Luton. Additionally, focus groups were conducted with lay women (aged over 16, living in LU1-LU4, who had experienced a live birth, at 37 weeks of gestation in the previous 6-24 months), and face-to-face interviews were held with bereaved mothers (aged over 16, who suffered an infant bereavement in the preceding 6-24 months, living in LU1-LU4). Health care professionals working on the maternity care pathway also took part in focus groups or interviews, providing their views on the service needs of Pakistani, Bangladeshi and White British women. The results/findings showed that risk factors varied according to ethnicity. Pakistani mothers had a greatest number of risk factors i.e. birthweight, diabetes, gestational diabetes, BMI < 18kg/m2, parity two, three and four and later booking (> 12 weeks). Deprivation featured in 81% of all deaths in 2014. The findings with the mothers revealed mostly similarities among women, regardless of their ethnicity; the majority of women wanted more pregnancy-related information, especially in respect of stillbirth and adverse outcomes. Similarly, bereaved mothers regardless of their ethnicity also reported mostly similarities, which included experiencing intuition when things were not right with the pregnancy. A few differences according to ethnicity were also identified, which focused on cultural or religious needs, such as cultural therapies (mostly dietary restrictions) undertaken by Pakistani and Bangladeshi women. The intersectional approach allowed simultaneous and aggregated factors (i.e. heritable, socio-economic status, structural factors and health beliefs and health behaviours) to be exposed; staff believed Pakistani and Bangladeshi women were not proactive in seeking pregnancy-related information, relying on verbal information and staff assumed mothers were literate and understood health messages. The intersected findings also revealed that few women took folic acid preconception, and many women co-slept with their baby. This study contributes new knowledge to the understanding of how Pakistani, Bangladeshi and White British women’s health beliefs influence their health behaviour, and contributes to perinatal mortality in Luton.

La maternité se définit de manière intuitive par le fait de porter un enfant et de le mettre au monde. Notion universelle, la maternité semble empreinte d’évidence et de certitude et à ce titre n’a guère suscité d’interrogation jusqu’à une époque récente. Pourtant, cette évidence supposée caractériser la maternité n’est bien qu’une évidence relative, tant du point de vue de la science que du droit. En effet, la maternité biologique peut désormais être divisée entre maternité utérine et génétique, elle n’est donc plus certaine. Ensuite, la notion juridique de maternité ne procède pas d’un pur décalque de la biologie. Au contraire, s’il s’appuie sur le fait biologique de la maternité, le droit en adopte une interprétation singulière, laissant découvrir l’existence d’un véritable concept juridique de maternité. Le contexte de la maternité apparaît en outre aujourd’hui profondément bouleversé, si bien que cette notion semble se restructurer autour de la seule volonté et subir un brouillage de sa distinction avec la paternité. Ainsi bouleversée, la maternité peut-elle alors être repensée ? S’il est nécessaire de prendre en compte les facteurs de bouleversement de la maternité, sa spécificité tirée de l’accouchement ne semble guère devoir être remise en cause. Une telle affirmation n’exclut toutefois pas d’admettre une réception conditionnée des formes nouvelles de maternité / Motherhood is intuitively defined by carrying a child and giving birth. Universal concept, motherhood seems to be evident and sure, and as such, has hardly raised questions until recently. Yet, this obviousness supposed to characterize motherhood is only relative from the point of view of both science and law. Indeed, biological maternity can now be divided between uterine maternity and genetics, so it is no longer certain. Next, the legal notion of motherhood does not come from a pure decal of biology. On the contrary, if it is based on the biological fact of maternity, the law adopts a singular interpretation, revealing the existence of a real legal concept of motherhood. The context of motherhood also seems to be deeply upset, so that this notion seems to be restructured around intention, and its distinction with paternity is blurred. So upset, can maternity be rethought? Although it is necessary to take into account factors of change in motherhood, its specificity derived from childbirth does not seem to be denied. However, this affirmation does not exclude a conditioned admission of new forms of maternity

It’s not easy being a pregnant woman in rural British Columbia. With 10–20% annual attrition of family physicians in rural BC, and 17 rural hospitals having ceased maternity care services since 2000, many women lose the ability to deliver in their own community even if local hospitals exist. What are the causes and consequences? We investigated rural maternity care from the perspective of parturient women and care providers. Through a series of interviews and focus groups in 14 communities across BC, we learned about the current state of maternity care in rural BC and investigated how the reduction in maternity care services has impacted women’s lives, physician’s confidence, and community ethos.

Darbo tikslas: Įvertinti ekspertų ir besilaukiančių bei auginančių kūdikius iki metų moterų „Motinystės mokyklos” poreikį Šiaulių mieste. Tyrimo metodika: Tyrimas atliktas Šiaulių mieste 2011 metų spalio – 2012 kovo mėnesiais. Tyrimui atlikti pasirinktas tikslinės patogio¬sios atrankos metodas. Iš viso apklaustoje dalyvavo 141 moteris ir 5 ekspertai. Apklaustųjų grupė suformuota tiriamojo požymio atžvilgiu- moterys, kurios šiuo metu laukiasi arba augina vaikus iki metų amžiaus ir ekspertai dirbantys su besilaukiančiomis ir pagimdžiusiomis bei teikiantys „Motinystės mokyklos“ paslaugas ar tiesiogiai susiję su šia veikla. Rezultatai: Apklaustųjų sveikata gera (76.6 proc.), savo ir savo partnerio sveikata domėjosi 26-35 m. (54.7 proc.), gyvenančios mieste besilaukiančios ir auginančios kūdikius iki metų amžiaus moterys (81.2 proc.), turinčios aukštąjį universitetinį išsilavinimą (69.7 proc.). Pajutę nėštumo simptomus- dažniausiai kreipiasi į gyd.ginekologą (62.9 proc.). Apie nėštumo poreikius gautos konsultacijos, kuri dažniausiai trunka 10- 15 min. (57,4 proc.) suteiktos informacijos pakako (58,2 proc.) kaime (90 proc.) ir mieste (54,9 proc.). gyvenančioms moterims. 24,1 proc. apklaustųjų negavo informacijos iš ginekologo apie „Motinystės mokyklą“. Motinystės kursus lankė (46,8 proc.) turinčios aukštąjį neuniversitetinį išsilavinimą (68,8 proc.), miesto gyventojos (53,1 proc.). Moterys lankė nemokamus (85 proc.) ir mokamus (15 proc.) kursus kartu su vyru (30 proc.) 60... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Aim of studies: To assess the need for “Maternity School” in Šiauliai city according to experts as well as pregnant women and mothers raising babies under the age of one. Research methods: The research has been carried out in Šiauliai city within the period of October 2011 – March 2012. Target convenient selection method has been selected for carrying out the research. All in all 141 women and 5 experts have participated in the survey. The group of respondents has been formed in respect of research feature: women who were pregnant at that time or raised children under the age of one and experts, working with pregnant women as well as women who had recently given birth, providing services of “Maternity school” or directly related to the aforementioned activities. Results: Health of the respondents was in good shape (76.6 per cent), women who were pregnant at that time or raised babies under the age of one in the age group of 26-35 years were interested in their own health as well as their partner‘s health (54.7 per cent), 81.2 per cent of them resided in the city and 69.7 per cent of them had a higher university education. Mostly women (62.9 per cent) consulted a Physician – Gynaecologist, if they felt the symptoms of pregnancy. The amount of information on the needs of pregnancy provided during the consultation, duration of the majority thereof ranged from 10 to15 min. (57.4 per cent), was sufficient for 58.2 per cent of respondents: 90 per cent of the women resided in a... [to full text]

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