This thesis examines the development of the Edinburgh Royal Maternity Hospital in the context of medical care in Edinburgh during the period 1844-1914. It is based primarily on casebooks of the hospital and, in particular, on in-depth micro-studies of all of the hospital's Indoor and Outdoor cases in four discrete years, at approximately 20-year intervals. The central argument of the thesis is that Over the period 1844- 1914, professionals and patients at the hospital came to understand birth as a medical rather than a social event, and that this had repercussions for both groups as well as the institution itself. Chapter 1 places the thesis in the context of other secondary uork on the development of maternity hospitals and care, and examines the use of casebooks as primary sources. Chapter 2 considers the hospital and its staff in relation to the city and the Edinburgh medical community in particular. Chapter 3 examines the patients who attended. It argues that, in the nineteenth century, their perception of the hospital was as a place of social shelter. However, by 1912 a greater number attended for otherwise unaffordable medical care at birth. Chapter 4 examines the medical treatment given to patients. It argues that there was increasing acceptance of medicalisation by patients in the period studied, and increasing confidence in giving such treatment by the professionals involved. Chapter 5 discusses the staff and male and female trainees at the hospital. It suggests that, prior to the introduction of national requirements, the provision of training was driven by commercial concerns, and therefore varied throughout the period studied, particularly in the amount of practical experience offered. The relationship between the different grades of staff and the treatment they offered, described in the chapter, suggests increasing stratification in the roles of doctors and nurses at delivery and during the puerperium. The increase in nursing care following the birth indicates the creation of a professional role that among the poor had previously been undertaken by family members. The role played by increasing anxiety over infection following the introduction of strict antiseptic measures is discussed. The thesis concludes that in Edinburgh the medicalisation of childbirth among the poor was well-advanced by 1912, and suggests that this was a result of increasing patient acceptance combined with the increasing professionalisation of care.

Since the Swedish health care system is mostly organized at a regional level and the population density across the Swedish regions are variating, the supply of health care differs among the regions. Population density and the centralization of care is also affecting the distribution of health care facilities since most opportunities for care will be found where population density is high, such as larger cities. In northern Sweden where the larger parts of the area are sparsely populated and the main cities are mostly located along the coast, accessibility to health care for the rural population and their urban counterparts are therefore very different. The level of accessibility to health care can be more crucial in some situations than in other, one of these is childbirth. Since the labour process can develop quickly, the need to get the right care at the right time can be vital for both mother and child.  In the past years there have been changes to the maternity hospital distribution in northern Sweden. This is due to the closure of Sollefteå maternity hospital and the temporal closing of Lycksele maternity hospital. The aim of this thesis is to analyse the change in accessibility between 2013 and 2019 as a result of these shutdowns. This is done using service area analysis through the ArcGIS network analyst extension. The result show that the closures have had large impact on the spatial accessibility, increasing travel times to maternity hospitals for the inland population. Those who are mostly affected are people who already had poor accessibility, these are also places who have a small population. The result also shows that around 90 % of the women could reach their closest maternity hospital within one hour in 2013 compared to around 80 % in 2019. Around 40 % of the women are at higher risk of childbirth complications since they exceed 20 minutes travel time, this was the same value in 2013 as for 2019. As conclusion, closures have decreased accessibility for women in the inland of northern Sweden but the largest part of the population remain having good accessibility to their closest maternity hospital.

Magister Curationis - MCur / Perinatal deaths are emotion-laden events not only for the mothers, but also for physicians and midwives. Hence, mothers experiencing the phenomenon need support to overcome the experience. If the loss occurs in a health institution, the responsibility of supporting the woman is borne by healthcare providers, particularly midwives. However, limited information exists on how midwives manage patients who experience perinatal loss in health institutions. Consequently, this study on midwives' experiences of managing patients' perinatal loss at a maternity hospital in the Western Cape, South Africa was conducted. The aim of the study was to explore midwives' management of patients with perinatal loss. The study utilised a qualitative research design and employs a phenomenological approach. Purposive sampling was used to select eight registered midwives to participate in the study. Data was collected by means of in-depth unstructured interviews, which were audio-recorded. It was then analysed by utilising Colaizzi's (1978) steps of phenomenological data analysis. Four themes emerged from the data, namely, knowledge of perinatal loss, challenges when managing patients, managing perinatal loss, and getting emotionally involved. Themes were informed by several subthemes. In addition, implication on practice indicates that improving support to mothers with pregnancy loss requires a multi-disciplinary approach or teamwork from various professionals in order to enhance mutual collaboration between families and healthcare workers. The study concludes that nursing education programmes should be reviewed to ensure that they include midwives' needs in the area of managing clients experiencing a perinatal loss. Hence, student midwives should be given more clinical experience of caring for bereaved couples under supervision, as well as compassionate support, which would assist them to develop these skills before they graduate.

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This thesis focuses on mapping and evaluation of psychosocial climate by expectant mothers in the "Česko-německá horská nemocnice s.r.o.". This work is based on the results of the research project "Psychosocial climate in maternity hospitals from the perspective of parturients - theory and diagnostics" (project no. 316111), realized in the Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Charles University in Prague. The thesis is a theoretical and empirical work. The theoretical part provides knowledge about psychological changes, which the woman goes through during her pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. The further space is devoted to the historical look at the development of inclusion of the psychosocial aspects into the health care and the current approach to the patients in general basis and to the women in labour especially. The theoretical part touches also the pathological mental states of women occurring in this time most frequently. However, the psychosocial aspects of the care for the woman in the perinatal period are the core of the theoretical part. The research part of the work tries to achieve the evaluation of psychosocial climate in Česko-německá horská nemocnice s.r.o. by the women who gave birth there. The research has got a quantitative design. The number of 51 women participated...

160f. / Submitted by Suelen Reis (suziy.ellen@gmail.com) on 2013-04-22T18:42:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Marivaldo do Amaralseg.pdf: 2186230 bytes, checksum: fa219f29894926a79a53a07c4049d7ba (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Hozana Azevedo(hazevedo@ufba.br) on 2013-05-09T14:02:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Marivaldo do Amaralseg.pdf: 2186230 bytes, checksum: fa219f29894926a79a53a07c4049d7ba (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-05-09T14:02:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Marivaldo do Amaralseg.pdf: 2186230 bytes, checksum: fa219f29894926a79a53a07c4049d7ba (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Da Comadre Para o Doutor – A Maternidade Climério de Oliveira e a Nova Medicina da Mulher na Bahia Republicana (1910-1927) discute o processo de medicalização do parto na Bahia, problematizando os discursos médicos, suas prescrições e perspectivas de mudança no comportamento da sociedade, bem como, as mães baianas frente à nova medicina da mulher, que as tornava passíveis de controle social. Esta pesquisa insere-se no contexto da Bahia republicana do inicio do século XX, momento em que a obstetrícia baiana consolidou-se através da inauguração da primeira Maternidade/Escola do Estado. A Maternidade significava não apenas uma nova agenda higienista para o parto na Bahia, como também um avanço do ensino de clínica obstétrica da Faculdade de Medicina, pois a muito, formava seus jovens médicos sem terem aulas práticas. A produção historiográfica baiana tem ampliado a atenção sobre a temática da mulher nos seus variados espaços de sociabilidades e diferentes camadas sociais. Entretanto, esta pesquisa apresenta-se de forma inédita, quando problematiza a mulher pobre no âmbito da Maternidade, analisando valores sociais, desigualdades, rupturas, coexistências, percebendo-as como protagonistas do processo histórico. Numa perspectiva de História Social da Mulher e da Medicina, busca-se compreender a chamada modernização da Bahia no inicio do século XX. Numa sociedade permeada de valores tradicionais, as mulheres baianas eram postas diante da nova realidade médico-científica. A Maternidade Climério de Oliveira significou o novo nascer na Bahia. Esta mudança era parte de uma ampla higienização, que seria implementada posteriormente. A construção da Maternidade, a inserção da mulher mãe no espaço publico da ciência obstétrica, bem como a importância da filantropia baiana na construção e manutenção da primeira Maternidade da Bahia, consolidam-se como objeto de nosso estudo. / Salvador

This thesis focuses on mapping and evaluation of psychosocial climate by expectant mothers in the "Česko-německá horská nemocnice s.r.o.". It is a theoretical and empirical project. The theoretical part provides knowledge about psychological changes, which the woman goes through during her pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. The further space is devoted to the needs of the expectant mother, the stress in the perinatal period and woman's psychopathology in the mentioned periods. Socio-cultural links in the perinatal period are also discussed. The vital importance lies in describing psychosocial aspects in the perinatal care as well as communication with the woman in the perinatal period. The research part of the thesis is aimed at the analysis of psychosocial climate in the maternity hospital in Vrchlabí. A questionnaire of psychosocial climate of the KLI-P maternity hospital was used for the research. 51 mothers participated in the evaluation plus extra 10 to complete the qualitative questionnaire. The analysis is enriched by two midwives' point of view of the approach to delivering mothers in the Vrchlabí maternity hospital. The results of the KLI-P maternity hospital were statistically compared using the hypothesis testing method. Evaluating the outcomes of the questionnaire, it may be stated...

Magister Scientiae Dentium - MSc(Dent) / The aim of the research was to determine oral health status, knowledge, attitude and practicesv regarding oral hygiene among pregnant women attending Omdurman Maternity Hospital in Khartoum, Sudan.

A new concept of maternity hospital creates a place, where future mother is not stressed and where she feels free. A place, where birth is perceived as a common part of everyday life. It searches a compromise between birth at classical hospital environment on one side and birth at home on the other. Both aforementioned possibilities bring certain risks that are intended to be minimized using this concept. The idea is based on practice from birth facilities from Germany and creates new concept of so called „birth houses“ that is consistent with law in the Czech Republic. Design of maternity hospital should not be based solely on meeting technical requirements of a bulding, but first of all comfort of mothers should be taken into account to make them feel home.