Orientador: Felippe Bevilacqua Prado / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-26T18:59:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Araujo_Rafael_M.pdf: 1526338 bytes, checksum: c49df956a2834e197e1a4f7f20191095 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os índices de antropologia forense aplicados em população brasileira leucoderma e faioderma, para investigação da ancestralidade e dimorfismo sexual. Este utilizou 128 tomografias de feixe cônico da área de Radiologia Oral da FOP/UNICAMP, 73 de indivíduos femininos e 55 de indivíduos masculinos, de idade entre 20 e 30 anos, com ancestralidade conhecida, sem patologia ou ausência dentária. Foi mensurado a altura e largura nasal para determinação do índice nasal, e os ângulos do prognatismo utilizando o software OnDemand3D (Cybermed, Irvine, EUA). Também foi realizada a mensuração do volume dos seios maxilares, em 4 grupos discriminados por sexo e ancestralidade. Foi utilizado o software R CRAN para a análise estatística, no qual realizou-se a análise discriminante sobre os ângulos do prognatismo e o índice nasal, onde a taxa de acerto foi de 66,6% para leucodermas e 4,76% para faiodermas. Para a capacidade volumétrica do seio maxilar foi aplicado o teste ANOVA seguido pelo teste post-hoc de Tukey, para os 4 grupos onde foi observado diferença significativa (p=0,00113) apenas entre os grupos faioderma masculino e feminino e o grupo faioderma masculino e leucoderma feminino. Para análise do dimorfismo sexual pelo volume do seio, foi aplicado um teste t de Student não pareado, no qual foi observado uma diferença significativa (p=0,0005), entretanto quando aplicado o teste t para análise da população faioderma e leucoderma, não foi observado diferença significativa (p>0,05). Este estudo concluiu que os ângulos do prognatismo não são parâmetros adequados para predição da ancestralidade em indivíduos leucodermas e faiodermas. Quanto à capacidade volumétrica dos seios maxilares, esta não obteve um bom desempenho na determinação da ancestralidade, mas foi significativa para o dimorfismo sexual / Abstract: The objective of this study was analysis the indexes used in forensic anthropology applied in Brazilian leucoderm and faioderm people for investigation of ancestry and sexual dimorphism. This study used 128 cone-beam computed tomography scans from Oral Radiologic area of Piracicaba Dental School of the University of Campinas; witch 73 from females and 55 from males, aged between 20 and 30 years, with known ancestry without pathology or dental absence. The nasal height and width was measured to determine the nasal index and the prognathism angles described by Arbenz (1959) was measured. The volume of the maxillary sinuses was also measured on 4 groups classified by sex and ancestry. Was used the R CRAN software for statistical analysis, which was performed the discriminant analysis of the angles of prognathism and the nasal index, where the prediction rate was 66.60% for leucoderm and 45.76% for faioderm. For the volumetric capacity of the maxillary sinus was applied ANOVA followed by the post-hoc Tukey test for the 4 groups where it was observed significant difference (p = 0.00113) only between the male and female faioderm groups and the male faioderm group and female leucoderm. The analysis of sexual dimorphism in the sinus volume, we applied the unpaired Student's t test, in which we observed a significant difference (p = 0.0005), however when applied the unpaired Student's t test for analysis of population faioderm and leucoderm, there was no significant difference (p> 0.05). This study concluded that the prognathism angles are not a good parameter for predicting the ancestry in leucoderm and faioderm individuals. For the volumetric capacity of the maxillary sinuses, this not performed well in determining ancestry, but was significant for sexual dimorphism / Mestrado / Odontologia Legal e Deontologia / Mestre em Biologia Buco-Dental

Orientador: Elcio Marcantonio Junior / Resumo: O objetivo desse estudo foi de avaliar retrospectivamente a taxa de sobrevivência de implantes com diferentes tipos de conexão protética instalados na região posterior de maxila, em osso nativo ou em seios previamente enxertados com diferentes biomateriais. Foram avaliados 310 implantes que foram instalados em 103 pacientes sendo que 87 implantes foram instalados associados a seios maxilares enxertados (56 cone morse - CM e 31 hexágonos externos-HE) em 37 pacientes e 223 implantes foram instalados em áreas de osso nativo (112 CM e 111 HE) em 76 pacientes. Foram realizadas análises clínicas peri-implantares: 1)Sangramento à sondagem; 2)Profundidade de sondagem; 3)Nível da margem periimplantar; 4)Presença de mobilidade ou supuração e análise do nível ósseo radiográfico. Dois implantes foram perdidos, um CM em osso nativo e um HE em seio enxertado, o que forneceu uma taxa de sobrevivência de 99.35 %. Foi verificado que os implantes do tipo CM apresentaram menores profundidades de sondagem e maior nível ósseo periimplantar em comparação aos implantes HE tanto em área enxertada como em área de osso nativo (p<0.05). Não houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os implantes instalados em áreas de osso nativo e enxertado em nenhum parâmetro avaliado. Implantes HE instalados em áreas de osso nativo apresentaram maiores taxas de peri-implantite. Pode-se concluir que implantes de plataforma do tipo CM reduzem a perda óssea periimplantar, porém a instalação de implantes em ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Doutor

>Magister Scientiae - MSc / Periapical lesions are fairly common pathology associated with the apex of a non-vital tooth. Some chronic lesions develop without an acute phase with no recollection of previous symptoms. It is known that maxillary odontogenic infections can breach the sinus floor with succeeding complications. Pantomography, a widespread conventional radiographic technique, provides a generalized view of the maxillofacial region. Advanced modalities like CBCT may facilitate in navigating complex anatomy, which would otherwise be obscured.

A maxillary nerve block via a modified infraorbital approach, applied before rhinoscopy and nasal biopsy, would decrease nociception, minimize cardiorespiratory anesthetic effects, and improve recoveries. In a crossover study, bupivacaine or equivalent volume of saline was administered to 8 healthy dogs via a modified infraorbital approach into each pterygopalatine region. Rhinoscopy and nasal biopsy were performed. Heart rate, blood pressure, plasma cortisol and norepinephrine concentrations, purposeful movement, and pain scores were monitored. Following a 14-day washout, dogs received the alternate treatment on the contralateral side. Blood pressures were significantly higher for the saline treatment than bupivacaine treatment. Plasma cortisol concentrations in the saline treatment were significantly higher 5 minutes after biopsy than at biopsy. No other parameters were significant. Using a maxillary nerve block via a modified infraorbital approach prior to rhinoscopy and nasal biopsy reduced procedural nociception. These findings warrant further evaluation in dogs with nasal disease.

AIM/PURPOSE: To investigate the correlation between the histopathology of periapical lesion of endodontic origin and the radiographic findings of the maxillary sinus observed by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective record review study, data collected of patients received surgical root canal treatment at Boston University school of dental medicine. Total of 39 periapical lesions all had CBCT scans and pathology reports. Each periapical lesion was biopsied and examined by oral & maxillofacial pathologist. CBCT scans for each lesion were examined by two examiners: endodontic resident and board-certified endodontic faculty. RESULTS: 65% of the lesions associated with changes in the maxillary sinus and 35% had no changes as seen on the CBCT scans. 82% of the lesions were granulomas 15.5% were cysts and 2.5% OKC. Out of the 65% (26 lesions) maxillary sinus changes were 50% (13) were periapical mucositis (PAM) & 50% (13) were periapical osteoperiostitis (PAO). CONCLUSION: Histopathology of the periapical lesion didn’t have an effect on the type of changes observed in the sinus. And the closer the lesion was to the sinus the more chances of developing changes in the sinus.

No description available.

Objectives: With increasing utilization of cone beam computed tomography for diagnosis and treatment planning of complex dentomaxillofacial rehabilitation, more incidental findings of pathology in the maxillary sinus have been identified by clinicians. Part one of this article discusses the association between age, gender, ethnicity and dentition status in relation to prevalence of sinus pathology. The aim of this study is to expand the current knowledge base in regards to the prevalence of maxillary sinus pathologies in patients of Temple University Kornberg School of Dentistry and to determine if smoking and allergies have relationship with the prevalence of pathology. Materials and Methods: : Three hundred and sixty-three cone beam computed tomography scans taken were evaluated at Temple University Kornberg School of Dentistry Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology between 2009 to July 31, 2013. Scans were classified into 1 of 5 categories based upon the type of sinus pathology detected. The categories of sinus findings were: healthy, mucosal thickening &gt; 3-4 mm, polypoidal mucosal thickening, partial opacification and complete opacification. Medical health questionnaires were reviewed for patient's social history such as smoking and systemic factors such as allergies. Chi-square statistical analysis using SAS was done to examine the relationship. Results: This study included a total of 363 subjects subdivided by gender into 203 females and 160 males. The subjects were further subdivided by ethnicity into 217 Caucasians, 86 African Americans, 35 Asians, and 25 Hispanics. Also, 129 of the subjects had a history of smoking, 98 had seasonal allergies, and 50 had environmental allergies. In addition 129 of the subjects had at least 1 type of sinus pathology. Chi-square analyses showed that there was no relationship between the prevalence of sinus pathology and allergy or smoking status. History of allergies was marginally higher in females and significantly higher in African Americans (p=0.007). History of smoking was higher in older subjects (p=0.0004), males (p=0.01) and Caucasians (p&lt;0.0001). Conclusions: This CBCT cross sectional study shows that there is no statistically significant correlation between prevalence of sinus pathology and smoking or allergy status. Further cohort studies are needed to determine if smoking or allergies may or may not contribute to sinus pathology. / Oral Biology

Objectives: There is increasing research regarding pathology of the maxillary sinus in dentistry. This may be attributed to the increasing routine use of cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT) for diagnosis and treatment planning of complex dental treatments, and incidental findings identified by clinicians during the process. This study aims to compare two different CBCT viewing software programs, and evaluate their detection of pathological findings in the maxillary sinus of a group of patients at Temple University School of Dentistry. Methods: A total of 316 CBCT scans taken on 176 females and 140 males (202 Caucasian, 69 African-American, 30 Asian, and 15 Hispanic) between 2009 and mid- 2013 by the Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Radiology at Temple University School of Dentistry were evaluated using i-CAT and INFINITT viewing software programs. The CBCT scans were examined with both viewing programs, and classified each time by independent evaluators as yielding one of 5 categories of maxillary sinus pathology as follows: healthy status with mucosal thickening ≤ 3 millimeters, mucosal thickening &gt; 3 millimeters, polypoidal mucosal thickening, partial opacification, or complete opacification. Results: The i-CAT viewing program revealed 193 (61.1%) scans with a healthy maxillary sinus presenting with mucosal thickening ≤ 3 millimeters, and 123 (38.9%) scans yielding various forms of maxillary sinus pathology. In comparison, the INFINITT viewing program found 194 (61.4%) scans with healthy maxillary sinus conditions without pathology, and 122 (38.6%) scans with various types of maxillary sinus pathology. The difference in detection of maxillary sinus pathology between the i-CAT and INFINITT viewing programs was not statistically significant. Conclusions: The i-CAT and INFINITT viewing software programs for evaluation of human CBCT scans used in dental treatment planning provided nearly identical information relative to detection of maxillary sinus pathology. This suggests that both viewing programs may be employed interchangeably by clinicians in their pre- treatment evaluation of the maxillary sinus in dental patients. / Oral Biology

Orientador: Silke Anna Theresa Weber / Resumo: Introdução: O crescimento craniofacial é modificado pela respiração oral crônica. A expansão rápida da maxila (ERM) promove a separação da sutura palatino mediana, melhorando a oclusão e a dimensão da via aérea superior. Objetivo: Avaliar a efetividade terapêutica da ERM em crianças com respiração oral e distúrbios respiratórios a longo prazo, em relação à melhora no padrão respiratório e classificar a qualidade da evidência das informações. Método: Foi realizada a busca nas plataformas PUBMED, LILACS, EMBASE, SCOPUS, WEB OF SCIENCE e COCHRANE, bem como a literatura cinza. Os artigos foram selecionados e avaliados quanto aos riscos de viés (ROBINS-I) e feita a avaliação da qualidade da evidência (GRADE). Resultados: De 309 estudos encontrados, 26 artigos foram selecionados para leitura completa, dos quais 22 foram excluídos, restando quatro artigos para análise e compilamento dos dados, sendo dois ensaios clínicos não-randomizados controlados e dois ensaios clínicos não-randomizados e não-controlados. Nenhum ensaio clínico randomizado foi encontrado. Conclusões: As meta-análises mostraram aumento de distância internasal, interzigomática e volume orofaríngeo após a ERM. A qualidade da evidência de cada desfecho foi considerada muito baixa. Palavras-chave: Crianças, Expansão rápida da maxila, Deficiência maxilar transversa, Respirador bucal, meta-análise. / Abstract: Introduction: The craniofacial growth is modified by the chronic oral breathing. The maxillary rapid expansion promotes the separation of the median palatal suture, improving the occlusion and the dimensions of the upper airways. Aim: To evaluate the therapeutic effectiveness of RME in children with oral breathing and long-term respiratory disorders, in relation to the improvement in breathing pattern and to classify the quality of evidence of information. Methods: Searches on PUBMED, LILACS, EMBASE, SCOPUS, WEB OF SCIENCE and COCHRANE, as well as in the grey literature were performed. The works found were selected and evaluated for Risk of Bias (ROBINS-I), and the evaluation of quality of evidence (GRADE). Results: From 309 works found, 26 papers were selected for full reading, from it 22 were excluded. Data compilation and analysis were performed in four papers, being two controlled non-randomized clinical trials and two non-randomized and uncontrolled clinical trials. No randomized clinical trial was found. Conclusions: The meta-analyses found an increase of the internasal, interzygomatic distance and oropharyngeal volume after the RME. The quality of the evidence of each outcome was considered very low. Keywords: child, Maxillary Rapid Expansion, transverse maxillary deficiency, meta-analyses; mouth breather. / Mestre

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar por meio da tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC) o padrão de abertura e o processo de neoformação óssea da sutura intermaxilar em pacientes submetidos à expansão de maxila cirurgicamente assistida (EMCA). Foram avaliados 14 indivíduos submetidos à expansão de maxila cirurgicamente assistida (EMCA) pela técnica da osteotomia Le Fort I subtotal utilizando tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC) nos períodos préoperatório e pós-operatório de 15, 60 e 180 dias. A partir da observação do padrão de abertura da sutura intermaxilar, após a cirurgia, pôde-se classificá-la nos tipos I e II. O Tipo I corresponde à abertura da sutura intermaxilar desde a espinha nasal anterior até a espinha nasal posterior, o Tipo II, à abertura desde a espinha nasal anterior até a sutura transversal palatina. Este padrão foi relacionado à técnica cirurgica, idade do paciente e tipo de aparelho expansor. As médias de densidade da óssea na região da sutura intermaxilar foram comparadas entre os períodos estudados (pré e pós-operatório de 15, 60 e 180 dias) para acompanhar a neoformação óssea. Os dados foram tabulados e submetidos à análise estatística. Os resultados mostraram a ocorrência do padrão de abertura tipo I em 12 indivíduos e o padrão tipo II em 2 indivíduos. A média de densidade óssea encontrada no período pós-operatório de 180 dias (PO 180) foi de 49,9% em relação a media do período pré-operatório (Pré). Concluiu-se que o padrão de abertura da sutura intermaxilar está mais relacionado à idade do paciente, que nesse estudo foi de 23,9 anos para o tipo I e 33,5 anos, para o tipo II, e à técnica cirúrgica empregada e que ao final do período de contenção estudado (PO 180) não foi possível observar a total neoformação óssea na região da sutura intermaxilar. / The aim of this study was to evaluate using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) the opening pattern and process of bone formation in the intermaxillary suture in patients with transverse maxillary deficiency undergone surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion (SARME). Fourteen patients were evaluated whom submitted to surgically assisted maxillary expansion (SARME) by the technique of subtotal Le Fort I osteotomy using beam computed tomography (CBCT) in the preoperative and postoperative periods of 15, 60 and 180 days. From the observation of the opening pattern of the intermaxillary suture, after surgery, were classifie in types I and II. Type I corresponds to the opening of the intermaxillary suture from the anterior nasal spine to posterior nasal spine, and Type II corresponds to opening from the anterior nasal spine to the transverse palatine suture. This pattern was related to surgical technique, patient age and type of expander device. The average density of the bone in the region of the intermaxillary suture were compared between the studied periods (pre-and postoperative 15, 60 and 180 days) to evaluate bone formation. Data were tabulated and analyzed statistically. The results showed the occurrence of the opening pattern type I in 12 subjects and the standard type II in 2 individuals. The mean value of density found in the postoperative period of 180 days (PO 180) was 49.9% compared to the mean of the preoperative (Pre). It was concluded that the pattern of opening the intermaxillary suture is related to patients age, that was 23,9 years in type I and 33,5 years in type II and the surgical technique, furthermore, at the end of the retention period studied (PO 180) was not possible to observe the complete bone formation in the region of the intermaxillary suture.