Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:42:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2035258 bytes, checksum: 39d193a44799a95fd3f4639e7033aad6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Considering the hypothesis that English language learners at the learning moment negotiate and share collective or individually meaning during the conversation, we intend, in this study, to analyze which are the linguistics and cognitive processes involved in the English meaning construction. According to the Blending Theory (Fauconnier & Turner 1998, 2002) as well as Objects of Discourse Theory (Mondada 1994, 1999, 2002), this work aims at understanding, analyzing and describing the vital relations compressed while meaning are negotiated in English language as well as the structures that rise up at the objects of discourse format through blending and vital relation compression processes. We also intend to know how much blending process, objects of discourse and meaning negotiation through discursive, social and cognitive placed practices could make an English language learner able to build public versions of the world. Considering three classroom classes transcription analyses - undergraduate, graduate and conversation course of language we intend to understand how much the meaning negotiation may become a strategy of English language objects of discourse construction and how they might provide interaction at this target language while provide to these learners linguistics and social cognitive sources of world description. We believe human beings are able to build world version by language usage to interact at the specific social communicative and placed contexts. We believe that the meaning it is not only relationed to linguistic aspects but cognitive aspects as well. So we see the language as capable to create a reality that belongs to its own and is mediated by cognitive activities. / Partindo da hipótese de que aprendizes de língua inglesa quando no processo ensino-aprendizagem coletivamente negociem e compartilhem sentidos durante o evento de comunicação, objetivamos, nesse estudo, analisar quais processos linguísticos e cognitivos estão envolvidos na construção de sentidos em língua inglesa. Baseados nas teorias da Mesclagem Conceptual (Fauconnier & Turner 1998, 2002), bem como na Teoria dos Objetos-de-discurso (Mondada 1994, 1999, 2002) objetivamos entender, analisar e descrever quais relações vitais são comprimidas durante a negociação do sentido em língua inglesa e quais estruturas podem emergir por meio dos processos de mesclagem conceptual e da compressão das relações vitais e se a ocorrência desses processos permite a construção de objetos-de-discurso com vistas a permitir que esses aprendizes construam, através de práticas discursivas e cognitivas, social e culturalmente situadas, versões públicas do mundo. Através da análise de aulas transcritas a partir de filmagens realizadas com três turmas de língua inglesa nos níveis de educação básica, superior e curso de idiomas propomo-nos a entender em que medida a negociação de sentido pode se instituir estratégia de construção de objetos-de-discurso em língua inglesa de modo a possibilitar e facilitar a interação nessa língua-alvo. Os resultados mostraram que o significado não é exclusivamente linguístico, mas, sobretudo cognitivo, ratificando a necessidade de atividades colaborativas de negociação de sentidos. Por acreditamos que os seres humanos estão aptos a construir versões do mundo através da linguagem para interagir em contextos sociocomunicativos específicos e localmente situados e por enxergarmos a linguagem como capaz de instaurar uma realidade que lhe é própria e mediada por atividades cognitivas podendo permitir um indivíduo interagir sociocomunicativamente é que desenvolvemos esse estudo.

Ce n’est que récemment que la didactique des langues commence à considérer explicitement le volet affectif dans l’apprentissage d’une langue seconde. Or, l’intégration des élèves allophones au sein de la société québécoise nécessite la prise en conscience de l’enjeu identitaire que pourrait provoquer l’apprentissage d’une langue autre que sa langue maternelle. En effet, les élèves allophones ont besoin d’exprimer leurs émotions qui touchent à des évènements de la vie quotidienne. Dans ce contexte, le recours aux émojis semble constituer un moyen propice à l’acquisition du vocabulaire des émotions. Ce mémoire avait donc pour objectif d’explorer d’une part, les perceptions des élèves allophones du 2e cycle du primaire quant à l’apprentissage du vocabulaire des émotions par l’entremise des émojis et d’autre part, la possibilité selon laquelle l’utilisation des émojis permet l’émergence d’épisodes de négociation de sens, l’une des conditions majeures à la création d’une interaction significative auprès des élèves. Ainsi, dans un premier temps, des enregistrements vocaux réalisés auprès de trois groupes d’élèves (n = 7) ont été transcrits pour rejoindre les notes prises lors de l’observation des trois tâches. Dans un deuxième temps, des entrevues effectuées auprès de l’enseignante et de ses élèves (n=9) ont permis de révéler ce que pensent les participants du recours aux trois dispositifs de recherche assignés à cette étude, à savoir les émojis et l’album jeunesse Migrants. Les résultats de cette étude montrent que le recours aux émojis incite les élèves à s’impliquer dans des épisodes de négociation de sens pour vérifier les propos de l’interlocuteur, lui demander des informations supplémentaires et s’assurer d’une compréhension adéquate du message voulant être transmis. De plus, ce mode d’enseignement rarement évoqué dans les recherches empiriques les plus récentes favorise l’enrichissement du vocabulaire des émotions grâce aux diverses opportunités d’apprentissage de nouveaux mots à l’oral et à l’écrit. / It is only recently that language didactics has begun to explicitly consider the affective component in second language learning. However, the integration of allophone students into the Quebec society requires an awareness of the identity issue the second language learning may cause. Allophone students need to express their emotions about everyday events. In this context, the use of emojis seems to be an appropriate way to acquire the vocabulary of emotions. The objective of this dissertation was therefore to explore on the one hand, the perceptions of allophone students in the 2nd cycle of primary school regarding the learning of emotional vocabulary through the use of emojis and, on the other hand, the possibility that the use of emojis allows the participation of students in episodes of negotiation of meaning which is considered as one of the major conditions for the creation of a meaningful interaction. Thus, in the first instance, voice recordings made with three groups of students (n = 7) were transcribed to join the notes taken during the observation of the three tasks. Second, interviews with the teacher and her students (n=9) revealed what the participants thought about the use of the two research devices assigned to this study, namely the emojis and the children's album named Migrants. The results of this study show that the use of emojis encourages students to participate in episodes of negotiation of meaning in order to verify what the speaker is saying, to ask for additional informations, and to ensure adequate understanding of the message intended to be conveyed. In addition, this mode of teaching, rarely mentioned in the most recent empirical research, promotes the enrichment of the vocabulary of emotions through the various opportunities to learn new words in oral and written form.