This study is an investigation of how semantic and syntactic properties interact in a regular way in variants of a common expression type or Snowclone. Conventional variants of this construction are (someone is) a few (French) fries short/shy of a Happy Meal, (someone is) one sandwich short of a picnic and (someone is) one card short of a full deck. All the instances of the expression examined here have the same structure: X (be)(quantifier) Y short/shy of Z. The research questions used when analysing this construction are the following: What are the specific semantic and syntactic properties found in the expression X (be) (quantifier) Y short/shy of Z? What characterises the interaction between these properties? Is there any significance in how they interact for the meaning expressed by specific examples of this construction? The focus is on variants of the construction which have the same or quite similar idiomatic meaning. These are part of an expression group called “Fulldeckisms”, and they are used for stating that someone is mentally inadequate, mildly insane, or that something is not up to standard in a euphemistic and humoristic manner (Moon 1998, p. 159). The context in which the expression is used is important for its regularly metaphorical interpretation. However, what is interesting is that the construction itself appears to be an equally important recognisable factor for this metaphorical interpretation. The formulaic construction, previous cultural knowledge, and a certain level of cognitive ability are required for users of English to interpret the metaphor. The variants discussed have different literal or source meanings, but they all have the same kind of figurative or target meaning. The literal meanings cover a wide range of discourse or cognitive domains. However, the specific source domains appear to be almost irrelevant for forming the figurative meaning as long as the constraints on certain semantic and syntactic features of this expression are observed. Keywords: metaphor, source meaning, target meaning, meronymy, snowclone, construction, valence

Notre étude est centrée sur les mécanismes elliptiques au sein des anaphores associativesméronymiques. Nous sommes partie de l’hypothèse que dans ce type d’anaphore, il existe deuxstructures : une structure profonde et une structure de surface. La première consiste en la présence destrois éléments : le tout, le prédicat partitif et la partie. La deuxième, où apparaissent les différents typesd’ellipse, fait l’objet de notre travail.Nous nous sommes attardée sur trois types d’ellipse que nous considérons caractéristiques desanaphores méronymiques : l’ellipse du prédicat partitif, celle du deuxième élément de la structure N DeN et celle de l’antécédent anaphorique. Traitées séparément, les anaphores nominales, les anaphoresverbales et les anaphores adverbiales ont été soumises dans un premier temps à une descriptionsyntactico-sémantique et dans un deuxième temps à la théorie des trois fonctions primaires. Cettethéorie nous a permis d’expliquer la possibilité pour certains éléments, d’être élidés au sein del’anaphore associative méronymique. / Our study focuses on elliptic mechanisms within associative meronymic anaphora. We departed fromthe assumption that in this type of anaphora, there are two structures: a deep structure and a surfacestructure. The first consists in the presence of three elements: the whole, the partitive predicate and thepart. The second, which shows the different types of ellipsis, is the topic of our work.We focused on three types of Ellipsis, which we considered typical meronymic anaphora: ellipsis ofpartitive predicate, ellipsis of the second element of the structure [N De N] and that of the anaphoricantecedent. Treated separately, nominal anaphora, verbal anaphora, and adverbial anaphora wereinitially submitted to a syntactic-semantic description, and then, to the three primary functions theory.This theory allowed us to explain the ability of certain items to be elided in the associative meronymicanaphora.

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2015-05-13T16:47:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ThaisDomenicaMinghelli.pdf: 2621220 bytes, checksum: e0ed0ebf9841f8f189fc10e599159d71 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-13T16:47:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ThaisDomenicaMinghelli.pdf: 2621220 bytes, checksum: e0ed0ebf9841f8f189fc10e599159d71 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-12-22 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Tendo em vista a demanda por sistemas computacionais cada vez mais eficazes no que tange à recuperação da informação, bem como o grande número de sites jurídicos, ontologias têm se revelado úteis neste sentido. Diante deste cenário, o presente trabalho objetiva investigar o papel da relação de meronímia como uma relação organizadora do conteúdo da área do Direito Processual Penal, especialmente do procedimento do tribunal do júri, a fim de inseri-los em uma ontologia jurídica linguística. Para tanto, recorre-se à ontologia LRI-core, inspirando-se nela para a criação de categorias nucleares embasadoras da pesquisa e estruturadoras da modelagem do domínio. Fundamenta-se a pesquisa na semântica lexical e na classificação de tipos de merônimos de Winston et. al. (1987). Valendo-se do Código de Processo Penal como principal corpus de consulta, selecionam-se e analisam-se suas expressões sob a perspectiva parte-todo. Por fim, ilustra-se no editor de ontologias Protégé a forma como os dados podem ser representados. O resultado desta investigação mostra que a relação de meronímia exerce um importante papel como uma relação organizadora do conteúdo da área do Direito Processual Penal, sendo, assim, relevante para a representação do conhecimento e sua recuperação por meio de ontologias. / According to the demand for more efficient computer systems when it comes to information retrieval, as well as the large number of legal sites, ontologies have proved to be useful in this regard. Based on this scenario, this work aims to investigate the role of meronymy relationship to organize the content of Criminal Procedural Law, especially the procedure of trial by jury in order to place them in a legal linguistic ontology. For this, LRI-core ontology is studied, getting inspiration from it to create core categories to base the research and structure the domain modeling. The research is based in lexical semantics and the meronymy classification of Winston et. al. (1987). Relying on the Code of Criminal Procedure as the main research corpus, linguistic expressions are selected and analyzed under the part-whole perspective. Finally, there are illustrations abouthow data can be represented on the ontology editor Protégé. The result of this investigation shows that the meronymy relationship plays an important role as an organizing relationship of the content area of criminal procedural law, and thus it is relevant to knowledge representation and its recovery by means of ontologies.