Tématem diplomové práce je konkurenceschopnost České republiky v oblasti daňového zatížení práce ve srovnání se státy OECD a Evropské unie. Jejím cílem je potvrdit či vyvrátit hypotézu, že daňové zatížení práce v České republice je vysoké. Ukazateli využitými ke zhodnocení daňového zatížení práce jsou efektivní daňová sazba, daňový klín a mezní efektivní daňová sazba. Hlavní část práce spočívá ve srovnání hodnot jednotlivých ukazatelů pro Českou republiku a státy Evropské unie a dále ve sledování vývoje daňového zatížení práce v České republice v období 1998 ? 2005.

Temperature inversions in the boundary layer over Prague Abstract The main objective of this study is to analyze temperature inversions in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) over Prague. In the first part, the concept of the ABL is defined and main theoretical aspects of air stratification are explored. The main part of the background research summarizes current knowledge of temperature inversions, especially how the landscape pattern influences their development and parameters under different synoptic situations, and methods used for their detection, measurement and evaluation. Considering the theme of the thesis, main geographic factors influencing temperature inversions in the area of Prague are also defined. The focus of actions is placed on inversions analysis based upon time series of Praha-Libuš rawinsonde station. Homogeneity of used data is tested and all inversions within the 2000- meters-thick-layer close to the ground are derived. Diurnal, annual and interannual frequency variations are described. Significance of long-term trends is tested and trends are compared to data from Prostějov and Kümmersbruck stations. Keywords: temperature inversions, boundary layer, climate, Prague

The boundary layer of the atmosphere is a layer of air with thickness about 1 km above the ground. Open-cast mining is one of activities that polutes the air in this layer. It generates particulate matter (PM) mostly in size of aerodynamic diameter 1 - 10 µm - coarse patricles. The companies that does the mining pays for their emissions due to the law. However, these emissions are not experimentraly measured, they are calculated from given equation consisting of factors like the size of mining area, etc. Some papers have shown significantly higher concentrations of Coarse particles (or PM10) in surroundings of the mine. Other papers have found out that the origin of these high concentrations didn't come from the mining activities but is caused due to the activities at the place of measuring or nearby. There aren't many papers that measure the PM concentrations in the air in the mining area. This thesis shows the results of airship measurements in the air layers of the open-cast mine and above them. The experimentral site was brown coal mine Bílina in the North of The Czech Republic in important mining area. The measurements took place in December 2017. For measuring the number and mass concentrations was used APS - Aerodynamic Particle Sizes Spektrometr by TSI which sorts out the data into...

Mutual interaction of wage taxation, social security contributions and social benefits influences a motivation to work. Insufficient linkage of these elements causes that some people are not interested in increasing work effort. With increasing labour supply and gross income they lose a claim to some social benefits and it causes slump in their net income. This dissertation shows the components of tax and benefit systems that have a negativ impact on motivation to work of model households. The thesis discusses an efficiency of changes in these systems that occured in monitored years. The highest attention was paid to finding the reasons for the fall into the poverty trap. The analysis used the model of marginal effective tax rates.

The main thesis of these essays is that social phenomena are different from psychological phenomena and thus social sciences do not belong to behavioural sciences. Chapter 1 introduces the fundamental problem of the rational choice theory ("Macaulay's problem"): either the theory is empirical and false or it is without empirical content and true. Various suggested solutions to this problem are reviewed and criticized. It is argued that the problem is evaded once it is admitted that rational choice theory does not attempt to explain behaviour. It was developed to explain decreasing individual demand and its extension to behavioural sciences is illegitimate. In Chapter 2 the difference between the interpretation of rationality in choice theory and demand theory is shown. It is argued that choice theory must adopt the agent's point of view, while demand theory proceeds from the point of view of an observer. Chapter 3 applies the argument to the problem of indifference ("Nozick's problem"): it claims that choice theory must adopt strict ordering of alternatives because indifference is already accounted for in the description of the choice alternatives. The difference between the consumer perception and the objective price-quantity relation embodied in the demand function is further explored in Chapter 4 on the example of the Rothbardian demand theory. It is argued that the law of marginal utility defined in terms of subjective units (i.e. units relevant to the consumer) does not imply nonincreasing demand. Chapter 5 is complementary to the previous and attempts to answer the question, whether the concept of marginal utility is compatible with ordinalism. Finally, Chapter 6 discusses on the methodological level the difference between behavioural sciences and economics. It argues that the difference can be conveniently described with the help of Popper's concepts of 'World 2'and 'World 3'.

This paper deals with the question whether the structure of the labor market in NBA is monopson or not. On the data from the NBA season 2011/12 I estimate player's marginal productivity using two stages least square model. In the first step I determine winner-loss ratio based on players' performance statistics. In the second step I use the results from the first model to predict team's revenues. This effect is controlled by other economic and social variables. Based on this model's results I determined that even though this market is not perfectly competitive, the results are not strong enough for monopson. Short player market could be described as winner-take-all market while on the market for centers there is a balance between pivots and owners and players can obtain their salary equal to their productivity. Then I discovered the superstar effect, according to which stars get bonuses to their salary against the rest of players. Finally it was found out that rookie contracts decrease players' rewards. On the market for centers the life cycle hypothesis holds.

The object of this work is design model of ball joint and define boundary conditions for real condition representation as most exact as possible. Then set parameters of test in TRW-DAS, a.s. for prevention of reacceleration with change of failure mode. Summary of ball joints, their testing and accelerated tests is in the beginning of the work. Next part describes ball joint creation in Pro/Engineer, transfer to Ansys, preparing to solution, fatigue test evaluation and comparing with create model.

The subject of the diploma thesis is the bridging design of the valley and Doľanský potok on the D1 motorway in the section Jánovce - Jablonov in Slovakia. Three variants of bridging have been designed and then compared. A post-tensioned construction of the box girder cross section was chosen as the most suitable variant, which was further checked. The static calculation was drawn up according to European standards.

Subject of this diploma thesis is to design structural system of multifunctional building in Brno. This apartment building has 4 storey. Main load-bearing elements are concrete ceilings, columns and beams in first and second storey. In third and fourth storey are main load-bearing elements masonry and concrete ceilings with beams. Also there is prestressed beam in first storey. The structure was assessed for ultimate and serviceability limit state acording to standarts and regulation. Drawings and drawings of construction are part of the diploma thesis.

The diploma thesis deals with the design of the motorway bridge over the II / 464 road between Butovice-Bílovec. For the bridging design four variants were made, from which a variant of the slab with longitudinal extensions was selected for further processing. The design assessment was performed for the ultimate limit state and serviceability limit state according to valid standards. Determination of internal forces was performed on the model developed in Scia Engineer 18.0.