<p>Osseointegrated titanium implants have become a commonly used method in edentulous jaws and today there are success rates in the magnitude of 82 % in the lower jaw and 98 % in the upper. During first year after implantation a fully normal marginal bone loss of 1-2 mm occurs. If the bone loss continues there is a risk of implant failure. High tensions in bone and inflammation caused by bacteria are possible reasons for this problem. It has been shown that a leakage of bacterias occurs between the parts of the implant and there are theories that this has effects on the marginal bone loss.</p><p>The aim of this thesis has been to increase the knowledge about microbial leakage with help of in vitro tests and virtual simulations. The goal was to create a test method to measure differences of microbial leakage in two implant systems.</p><p>The developed test method includes an in vitro test of six implants and Finite Element Analysis. The test method is the product of a process with several small tests. The final test method measures leakage of a coloured fluid with a spectrophotometer. The results are then compared with the virtual simulations to draw conclusions and find explanations how the implants are functioning.</p><p>The result of test on six implants, four Ospol and two Nobel Replace, indicates that there are differences in the magnitude of microleakage in different implant systems in due to the implant-abutment interface. No conclusions can be drawn before the test method is refined and more implants are tested.</p>

Osseointegrated titanium implants have become a commonly used method in edentulous jaws and today there are success rates in the magnitude of 82 % in the lower jaw and 98 % in the upper. During first year after implantation a fully normal marginal bone loss of 1-2 mm occurs. If the bone loss continues there is a risk of implant failure. High tensions in bone and inflammation caused by bacteria are possible reasons for this problem. It has been shown that a leakage of bacterias occurs between the parts of the implant and there are theories that this has effects on the marginal bone loss. The aim of this thesis has been to increase the knowledge about microbial leakage with help of in vitro tests and virtual simulations. The goal was to create a test method to measure differences of microbial leakage in two implant systems. The developed test method includes an in vitro test of six implants and Finite Element Analysis. The test method is the product of a process with several small tests. The final test method measures leakage of a coloured fluid with a spectrophotometer. The results are then compared with the virtual simulations to draw conclusions and find explanations how the implants are functioning. The result of test on six implants, four Ospol and two Nobel Replace, indicates that there are differences in the magnitude of microleakage in different implant systems in due to the implant-abutment interface. No conclusions can be drawn before the test method is refined and more implants are tested.

O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar in vivo a capacidade de selamento de três materiais obturadores constituídos de cimentos endodônticos resinosos, sendo dois (AH Plus e EndoRez) associados a cones de guta-percha, e um (Real Seal) a cones de Resilon, em pré-molares de cães, expostos ao meio bucal, após o preparo para colocação de pino protético. Objetivou, também, avaliar a correlação entre a situação inflamatória dos tecidos periapicais e a infiltração microbiana. Para tal, foi realizado o preparo químico-mecânico de 80 dentes (160 canais), sendo dez (20 canais) em cada cão. Antes da obturação, os canais foram distribuídos, aleatoriamente, em sete grupos. Nos grupos I – GI (n=32) e controle negativo I – C-I (n=16), os canais foram obturados com cones de guta-percha e AH Plus; nos grupos II – GII (n=32) e controle negativo II – C-II (n=16), com cones de guta-percha e EndoRez; e nos grupos III – GIII (n=32) e controle negativo III – C-III (n=16), com cones de Resilon e Real Seal. Os canais do grupo controle positivo – C+ (n=16) não foram obturados. Imediatamente após a obturação, realizou-se a desobturação parcial dos canais, restando 4 mm de material na região apical. Os dentes foram selados, provisoriamente, com amálgama de prata, durante 72 horas. Após esse período, o selamento coronário de todos os canais, com exceção dos pertencentes aos grupos C-, foi removido, ficando expostos ao meio bucal por 90 dias. Os animais foram mortos, e as mandíbulas e maxilas removidas e seccionadas, separando-se o lado esquerdo do direito. Nos dentes das hemi-arcadas do lado esquerdo, o selamento dos canais dos grupos C- foi removido e o espaço protético irrigado, abundantemente, com água destilada. Após, foram secos e preenchidos com tinta nanquim. Os dentes foram, novamente, selados e, passadas 96 horas, extraídos. A seguir, as raízes foram separadas, armazenadas em tubos de ensaio e diafanizadas. Os espécimes do lado direito foram processados histologicamente, empregando-se as colorações de Hematoxilina e Eosina de Harris (HE) e Brown e Brenn (BB). A infiltração de corante foi medida com auxílio de lupa esteroscópica, com aumento de 10x. A análise dos cortes histológicos foi realizada em microscópio óptico, classificando-se o estado inflamatório dos tecidos periapicais e a infiltração microbiana em escores de 1 a 4. Os resultados da infiltração de corante evidenciaram que todos os grupos apresentaram menor infiltração que o grupo C+ (p<0,001) e que os grupos GI, GII e GIII não diferiram significativamente (P>0,05). O grupo GII apresentou diferenças significativas em relação ao seu grupo controle negativo, mostrando maior infiltração de corante (P<0,001). Na análise histológica, todos os materiais testados apresentaram menor grau de reação inflamatória e de infiltração microbiana, quando comparados com o grupo C+ (P≤0,001). Além disso, não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os grupos GI, GII e GIII, bem como destes com seus respectivos controles (P>0,05). O teste de correlação de Spearman mostrou uma forte correlação entre resposta inflamatória e infiltração microbiana (rs= 0,57; P<0,001). A partir do exposto, concluiu-se que os materiais testados não apresentaram diferenças significativas entre si e que a resposta inflamatória periapical apresentou correlação direta com a infiltração coronária microbiana. / The aim of this study was to assess in vivo the sealing ability of three resin-containing endodontic sealers, two associated with gutta-percha points (AH Plus and EndoRez) and one associated with Resilon points (RealSeal). Mongrel dogs had their premolars prepared and filled, then post-prepared, which space became exposed to the oral environment. The correlation between inflammatory condition and level of microbial leakage was also tested. For that purpose, 80 teeth (160 root canals), being 10 (20 root canals), for each dog, were chemo-mechanically prepared and randomly divided into the following groups: GI (n=32) and C-I (negative control; n=16): root filling with gutta-percha and AH-Plus; GII (n=32) and C-II (n=16): root filling with gutta-percha and Endorez; GIII (n=32) and C-III (n=16): root filling with Resilon and RealSeal; C+ (positive control; n=16): no root filling. Immediately following filling procedures, post space preparation was done leaving 4mm of filling material apically. Teeth had their crowns provisionally sealed with amalgam for 72 hours. Then, coronal seal was removed (except for C-) and remained exposed to the oral environment for 90 days. The dogs were sacrificed and their mandible and maxilla were removed and sectioned, separating right and left sides. In the specimens from the left side, the C- teeth had their seal removed, and all teeth had their post space irrigated with distilled water, then filled with India ink. Following 96 hours, the teeth were extracted. Roots were labeled as to the groups and subjected to clearing process in test tubes. The specimens from the right side were histologically processed and stained with Hematoxicilin and Eosin (HE) and Brown and Brenn (BB). The ink leakage was measured three dimensionally under stereoscope microscopy (10x). Histological sections were assessed under light microscopy by a senior observer blinded as to the groups and the inflammatory state was classified using scores varying from 1 to 4 in an ascending severity. The same severity scoring applied to the microbial leakage, being the severity scored as to the depth of microbial penetration within the dentinal tubules. The results showed that all the test groups displayed less leakage than C+ group (P<0,001). GI, GII and GIII did not differ statistically amongst them. Sealing ability of GII differed significantly to its control group – C-II (P<0,001).Histological analysis showed that all test groups displayed lower inflammatory reaction and microbial leakage when compared to C+ group (P≤0,001). No significant differences were found amongst GI, GII and GIII and their respective controls (p>0,05). Spearman correlation test showed a strong correlation between inflammatory response and microbial leakage (rs= 0,57; P<0,001). It could be concluded that the tested materials did not differ amongst themselves and that the periapical tissue response correlated directly with the microbial coronal leakage.

O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar in vivo a capacidade de selamento de três materiais obturadores constituídos de cimentos endodônticos resinosos, sendo dois (AH Plus e EndoRez) associados a cones de guta-percha, e um (Real Seal) a cones de Resilon, em pré-molares de cães, expostos ao meio bucal, após o preparo para colocação de pino protético. Objetivou, também, avaliar a correlação entre a situação inflamatória dos tecidos periapicais e a infiltração microbiana. Para tal, foi realizado o preparo químico-mecânico de 80 dentes (160 canais), sendo dez (20 canais) em cada cão. Antes da obturação, os canais foram distribuídos, aleatoriamente, em sete grupos. Nos grupos I – GI (n=32) e controle negativo I – C-I (n=16), os canais foram obturados com cones de guta-percha e AH Plus; nos grupos II – GII (n=32) e controle negativo II – C-II (n=16), com cones de guta-percha e EndoRez; e nos grupos III – GIII (n=32) e controle negativo III – C-III (n=16), com cones de Resilon e Real Seal. Os canais do grupo controle positivo – C+ (n=16) não foram obturados. Imediatamente após a obturação, realizou-se a desobturação parcial dos canais, restando 4 mm de material na região apical. Os dentes foram selados, provisoriamente, com amálgama de prata, durante 72 horas. Após esse período, o selamento coronário de todos os canais, com exceção dos pertencentes aos grupos C-, foi removido, ficando expostos ao meio bucal por 90 dias. Os animais foram mortos, e as mandíbulas e maxilas removidas e seccionadas, separando-se o lado esquerdo do direito. Nos dentes das hemi-arcadas do lado esquerdo, o selamento dos canais dos grupos C- foi removido e o espaço protético irrigado, abundantemente, com água destilada. Após, foram secos e preenchidos com tinta nanquim. Os dentes foram, novamente, selados e, passadas 96 horas, extraídos. A seguir, as raízes foram separadas, armazenadas em tubos de ensaio e diafanizadas. Os espécimes do lado direito foram processados histologicamente, empregando-se as colorações de Hematoxilina e Eosina de Harris (HE) e Brown e Brenn (BB). A infiltração de corante foi medida com auxílio de lupa esteroscópica, com aumento de 10x. A análise dos cortes histológicos foi realizada em microscópio óptico, classificando-se o estado inflamatório dos tecidos periapicais e a infiltração microbiana em escores de 1 a 4. Os resultados da infiltração de corante evidenciaram que todos os grupos apresentaram menor infiltração que o grupo C+ (p<0,001) e que os grupos GI, GII e GIII não diferiram significativamente (P>0,05). O grupo GII apresentou diferenças significativas em relação ao seu grupo controle negativo, mostrando maior infiltração de corante (P<0,001). Na análise histológica, todos os materiais testados apresentaram menor grau de reação inflamatória e de infiltração microbiana, quando comparados com o grupo C+ (P≤0,001). Além disso, não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os grupos GI, GII e GIII, bem como destes com seus respectivos controles (P>0,05). O teste de correlação de Spearman mostrou uma forte correlação entre resposta inflamatória e infiltração microbiana (rs= 0,57; P<0,001). A partir do exposto, concluiu-se que os materiais testados não apresentaram diferenças significativas entre si e que a resposta inflamatória periapical apresentou correlação direta com a infiltração coronária microbiana. / The aim of this study was to assess in vivo the sealing ability of three resin-containing endodontic sealers, two associated with gutta-percha points (AH Plus and EndoRez) and one associated with Resilon points (RealSeal). Mongrel dogs had their premolars prepared and filled, then post-prepared, which space became exposed to the oral environment. The correlation between inflammatory condition and level of microbial leakage was also tested. For that purpose, 80 teeth (160 root canals), being 10 (20 root canals), for each dog, were chemo-mechanically prepared and randomly divided into the following groups: GI (n=32) and C-I (negative control; n=16): root filling with gutta-percha and AH-Plus; GII (n=32) and C-II (n=16): root filling with gutta-percha and Endorez; GIII (n=32) and C-III (n=16): root filling with Resilon and RealSeal; C+ (positive control; n=16): no root filling. Immediately following filling procedures, post space preparation was done leaving 4mm of filling material apically. Teeth had their crowns provisionally sealed with amalgam for 72 hours. Then, coronal seal was removed (except for C-) and remained exposed to the oral environment for 90 days. The dogs were sacrificed and their mandible and maxilla were removed and sectioned, separating right and left sides. In the specimens from the left side, the C- teeth had their seal removed, and all teeth had their post space irrigated with distilled water, then filled with India ink. Following 96 hours, the teeth were extracted. Roots were labeled as to the groups and subjected to clearing process in test tubes. The specimens from the right side were histologically processed and stained with Hematoxicilin and Eosin (HE) and Brown and Brenn (BB). The ink leakage was measured three dimensionally under stereoscope microscopy (10x). Histological sections were assessed under light microscopy by a senior observer blinded as to the groups and the inflammatory state was classified using scores varying from 1 to 4 in an ascending severity. The same severity scoring applied to the microbial leakage, being the severity scored as to the depth of microbial penetration within the dentinal tubules. The results showed that all the test groups displayed less leakage than C+ group (P<0,001). GI, GII and GIII did not differ statistically amongst them. Sealing ability of GII differed significantly to its control group – C-II (P<0,001).Histological analysis showed that all test groups displayed lower inflammatory reaction and microbial leakage when compared to C+ group (P≤0,001). No significant differences were found amongst GI, GII and GIII and their respective controls (p>0,05). Spearman correlation test showed a strong correlation between inflammatory response and microbial leakage (rs= 0,57; P<0,001). It could be concluded that the tested materials did not differ amongst themselves and that the periapical tissue response correlated directly with the microbial coronal leakage.

O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar in vivo a capacidade de selamento de três materiais obturadores constituídos de cimentos endodônticos resinosos, sendo dois (AH Plus e EndoRez) associados a cones de guta-percha, e um (Real Seal) a cones de Resilon, em pré-molares de cães, expostos ao meio bucal, após o preparo para colocação de pino protético. Objetivou, também, avaliar a correlação entre a situação inflamatória dos tecidos periapicais e a infiltração microbiana. Para tal, foi realizado o preparo químico-mecânico de 80 dentes (160 canais), sendo dez (20 canais) em cada cão. Antes da obturação, os canais foram distribuídos, aleatoriamente, em sete grupos. Nos grupos I – GI (n=32) e controle negativo I – C-I (n=16), os canais foram obturados com cones de guta-percha e AH Plus; nos grupos II – GII (n=32) e controle negativo II – C-II (n=16), com cones de guta-percha e EndoRez; e nos grupos III – GIII (n=32) e controle negativo III – C-III (n=16), com cones de Resilon e Real Seal. Os canais do grupo controle positivo – C+ (n=16) não foram obturados. Imediatamente após a obturação, realizou-se a desobturação parcial dos canais, restando 4 mm de material na região apical. Os dentes foram selados, provisoriamente, com amálgama de prata, durante 72 horas. Após esse período, o selamento coronário de todos os canais, com exceção dos pertencentes aos grupos C-, foi removido, ficando expostos ao meio bucal por 90 dias. Os animais foram mortos, e as mandíbulas e maxilas removidas e seccionadas, separando-se o lado esquerdo do direito. Nos dentes das hemi-arcadas do lado esquerdo, o selamento dos canais dos grupos C- foi removido e o espaço protético irrigado, abundantemente, com água destilada. Após, foram secos e preenchidos com tinta nanquim. Os dentes foram, novamente, selados e, passadas 96 horas, extraídos. A seguir, as raízes foram separadas, armazenadas em tubos de ensaio e diafanizadas. Os espécimes do lado direito foram processados histologicamente, empregando-se as colorações de Hematoxilina e Eosina de Harris (HE) e Brown e Brenn (BB). A infiltração de corante foi medida com auxílio de lupa esteroscópica, com aumento de 10x. A análise dos cortes histológicos foi realizada em microscópio óptico, classificando-se o estado inflamatório dos tecidos periapicais e a infiltração microbiana em escores de 1 a 4. Os resultados da infiltração de corante evidenciaram que todos os grupos apresentaram menor infiltração que o grupo C+ (p<0,001) e que os grupos GI, GII e GIII não diferiram significativamente (P>0,05). O grupo GII apresentou diferenças significativas em relação ao seu grupo controle negativo, mostrando maior infiltração de corante (P<0,001). Na análise histológica, todos os materiais testados apresentaram menor grau de reação inflamatória e de infiltração microbiana, quando comparados com o grupo C+ (P≤0,001). Além disso, não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os grupos GI, GII e GIII, bem como destes com seus respectivos controles (P>0,05). O teste de correlação de Spearman mostrou uma forte correlação entre resposta inflamatória e infiltração microbiana (rs= 0,57; P<0,001). A partir do exposto, concluiu-se que os materiais testados não apresentaram diferenças significativas entre si e que a resposta inflamatória periapical apresentou correlação direta com a infiltração coronária microbiana. / The aim of this study was to assess in vivo the sealing ability of three resin-containing endodontic sealers, two associated with gutta-percha points (AH Plus and EndoRez) and one associated with Resilon points (RealSeal). Mongrel dogs had their premolars prepared and filled, then post-prepared, which space became exposed to the oral environment. The correlation between inflammatory condition and level of microbial leakage was also tested. For that purpose, 80 teeth (160 root canals), being 10 (20 root canals), for each dog, were chemo-mechanically prepared and randomly divided into the following groups: GI (n=32) and C-I (negative control; n=16): root filling with gutta-percha and AH-Plus; GII (n=32) and C-II (n=16): root filling with gutta-percha and Endorez; GIII (n=32) and C-III (n=16): root filling with Resilon and RealSeal; C+ (positive control; n=16): no root filling. Immediately following filling procedures, post space preparation was done leaving 4mm of filling material apically. Teeth had their crowns provisionally sealed with amalgam for 72 hours. Then, coronal seal was removed (except for C-) and remained exposed to the oral environment for 90 days. The dogs were sacrificed and their mandible and maxilla were removed and sectioned, separating right and left sides. In the specimens from the left side, the C- teeth had their seal removed, and all teeth had their post space irrigated with distilled water, then filled with India ink. Following 96 hours, the teeth were extracted. Roots were labeled as to the groups and subjected to clearing process in test tubes. The specimens from the right side were histologically processed and stained with Hematoxicilin and Eosin (HE) and Brown and Brenn (BB). The ink leakage was measured three dimensionally under stereoscope microscopy (10x). Histological sections were assessed under light microscopy by a senior observer blinded as to the groups and the inflammatory state was classified using scores varying from 1 to 4 in an ascending severity. The same severity scoring applied to the microbial leakage, being the severity scored as to the depth of microbial penetration within the dentinal tubules. The results showed that all the test groups displayed less leakage than C+ group (P<0,001). GI, GII and GIII did not differ statistically amongst them. Sealing ability of GII differed significantly to its control group – C-II (P<0,001).Histological analysis showed that all test groups displayed lower inflammatory reaction and microbial leakage when compared to C+ group (P≤0,001). No significant differences were found amongst GI, GII and GIII and their respective controls (p>0,05). Spearman correlation test showed a strong correlation between inflammatory response and microbial leakage (rs= 0,57; P<0,001). It could be concluded that the tested materials did not differ amongst themselves and that the periapical tissue response correlated directly with the microbial coronal leakage.

The aim of this study was to compare the in vitro microbial leakage in 4 micro-hybrid composites in combination with 4 single-component dental adhesives (Scotchbond 1/Z100 MP = group 1; Syntac Single-Component/Tetric Flow = group 3; OptiBond Solo/XRV Herculite = group 5; Solobond M/Arabesk Top = group 7) and 4 multi-component dental adhesives (Scotchbond Multi-Purpose/Z100 MP = group 2; Syntac/Tetric Flow = group 4; OptiBond FL/XRV Herculite = group 6; Solobond Plus/Arabesk Top = group 8). Ninety-four mixed standardized Class V cavities of human caries-free extracted premolars were filled with eight different composite adhesive systems using a one-layer (groups 1–4) or a two-layer technique (groups 5–8). After thermocycling and incubation in a broth culture of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus, followed by decalcification and staining, the extent and the type of microbial leakage were measured histologically. The extent of microbial leakage in the composite restorations was very low in all groups and there were no significant differences between adhesives. Z100 MP in combination with single- and multi-component adhesives showed a significantly higher microbial leakage than Tetric Flow systems (U test: p = 0.037). XRV Herculite adhesive systems showed significantly less extensive microbial leakage than Arabesk Top adhesive systems (U test: p < 0.001). The single-component dental adhesives achieved a marginal adaptation of composites comparable to that of multi-component adhesives in vitro. / Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:21:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Washington M de Santana.pdf: 773538 bytes, checksum: 8a934007fd255f4536cfdfdbde213eb7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-09-28 / The scientific literature has reported that dental implants can be affected by the oral microorganisms through the formation of a bacterial biofilm. The region most affected is the connection between the implant platform and the prosthetic abutment, particularly in implants with an external connection. Therefore, the region of the implant/abutment connection can participate in the development of peri-mucositis or peri-implantitis. They propose that these implant/abutment connections known as morse taper provide an effective seal against microorganisms. Thus the objective of this research was to evaluate the microleakage on the implant/abutment interface of internal hex and morse taper prosthetic connections. Thirty five (35) implants were selected and divided into seven (7) groups (5 groups of implants from Brazilian manufacturers and 2 groups of implants manufactured abroad). The tested implants were Straumann (Straumann AG® / Switzerland), Ankylos (Dentsply-Friadent® / Germany), AR Morse (Conexão/Sistema de Prótese® São Paulo-SP), Titamax CM (Neodent® /Curitiba-PR), Titamax II Plus (Neodent®/Curitiba-PR), Stronger (Sin/Sistema Nacional de Implante® São Paulo - SP) e Titanium Fix CM (AS Technology / São José dos Campos-SP). For the microbiological test the bacterium Enterococus faecalis (ATCC 29212) was selected. This bacterium was inoculated in the interior aspect of the implant followed by immediate installation and final torque (N/cm) of the prosthetic abutment. The implant/abutment set up was then placed in a Brain Heart Infusion broth (BHI) and incubated in this broth for 14 days. During this period, the cloudiness of the broth was evaluated at days 7 and 14. The data were statistically analyzed by the Kruskal Wallis method. The results demonstrated that all samples from both Ankylos and Neodent CM groups did not present microleakage. Although 20% of samples from Conexao AR Morse group presented microleakage, there was no significant statistical difference when compared to the former two groups. Furthermore, all samples from Straumann,Titanium Fix CM, Neodent Titamax II Plus, and SIN Strong groups presented microleakage after 14 days of culture (p=0.05), though correlation analysis among these samples did not reveal significant statistical differences. / A literatura tem ressaltado que os implantes osseointegráveis podem ser afetados por transtornos decorrentes da formação de biofilme bacteriano em sua superfície. A região acometida envolve principalmente a conexão entre a plataforma do implante e o abutment, situação evidenciada especialmente nos implantes de conexões externas. Assim, tal situação pode culminar na formação de mucosites ou até mesmo perimplantites. Alguns tipos de conexões têm sido colocados no mercado pelos fabricantes de implantes com proposta de melhor selamento microbiológico. Baseada nesta consideração, esta pesquisa teve como propósito avaliar a microinfiltração na interface implante-abutment das conexões protéticas de alguns sistemas de hexágono interno e das conexões internas conemorse, que propõem capacidade efetiva de vedamento microbiológico. Para sua execução foram selecionados 35 implantes divididos em 7 grupos (5 grupos de implantes de procedência de empresas nacionais e 2 grupos advindos de empresas importadas). Os implantes analizados foram Straumann (Straumann AG® / Switzerland) e Ankylos (Dentsply-Friadent® / Germany), AR Morse (Conexão/Sistema de Prótese® São Paulo-SP), Titamax CM (Neodent® /Curitiba-PR), Titamax II Plus (Neodent®/Curitiba-PR), Stronger (Sin/Sistema Nacional de Implante® São Paulo - SP) e Titanium Fix CM (AS Technology / São José dos Campos-SP). Para os testes de contaminação, foi selecionada a bactéria Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212), sendo esta inoculada no interior do implante com a imediata instalação e torque (N/cm) do respectivo abutment (pilar protético). Posteriormente, o conjunto pilar/implante inoculado foi colocado em meio de cultura caldo infusão de cérebro e coração (BHI) e mantido neste meio por um período de 14 dias. Durante este período, o controle da contaminação indicando microinfiltração foi feito pelo turvamento do meio de cultura, avaliado aos 7 dias e aos 14 dias após inoculação. Após a coleta dos dados, foi aplicado teste estatístico pelo método não paramétrico de Kruskal- Wallis e os resultados demonstraram que todas as amostras do grupo Ankylos e Neodent CM não apresentaram microinfiltração, sendo que 20% do grupo Conexão AR Morse apresentaram microinfiltração, contudo sem apresentar diferenças estatísticas significativas quando comparados com os grupos anteriores. Ainda, as amostras dos grupos Straumann, Titanium-Fix CM, Neodent Titamax II Plus e SIN Strong apresentaram todas as amostras infiltradas após 14 dias do estudo (nível de significância alfa=0,05) e na avaliação da correlação entre estas amostras, constatou-se que não houve diferenças estatísticas significativas entre si.

The aim of this study was to compare the in vitro microbial leakage in 4 micro-hybrid composites in combination with 4 single-component dental adhesives (Scotchbond 1/Z100 MP = group 1; Syntac Single-Component/Tetric Flow = group 3; OptiBond Solo/XRV Herculite = group 5; Solobond M/Arabesk Top = group 7) and 4 multi-component dental adhesives (Scotchbond Multi-Purpose/Z100 MP = group 2; Syntac/Tetric Flow = group 4; OptiBond FL/XRV Herculite = group 6; Solobond Plus/Arabesk Top = group 8). Ninety-four mixed standardized Class V cavities of human caries-free extracted premolars were filled with eight different composite adhesive systems using a one-layer (groups 1–4) or a two-layer technique (groups 5–8). After thermocycling and incubation in a broth culture of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus, followed by decalcification and staining, the extent and the type of microbial leakage were measured histologically. The extent of microbial leakage in the composite restorations was very low in all groups and there were no significant differences between adhesives. Z100 MP in combination with single- and multi-component adhesives showed a significantly higher microbial leakage than Tetric Flow systems (U test: p = 0.037). XRV Herculite adhesive systems showed significantly less extensive microbial leakage than Arabesk Top adhesive systems (U test: p < 0.001). The single-component dental adhesives achieved a marginal adaptation of composites comparable to that of multi-component adhesives in vitro. / Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.