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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Modulation of carbohydrate expression in intestinal mucosa

Sharma, R. January 1999 (has links)
No description available.
2

Some factors affecting the microbial status of the mammalian uterus

Malhi, Jaspal Singh January 1991 (has links)
No description available.
3

Molecular characterization of intestinal bacteria in healthy cats and a comparison of the fecal bacterial flora between healthy cats and cats with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)

Ritchie, Lauren Elizabeth 15 May 2009 (has links)
Past studies characterizing the feline intestinal microflora have used traditional bacterial culture techniques. However, in recent years it has been recognized that the majority of intestinal bacteria are non cultivable. Therefore, the aim of this study was to describe the microflora along the intestinal tract in healthy cats using comparative 16S ribosomal DNA (16S rDNA) analysis. Intestinal content from the stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and colon was collected from 4 healthy cats and one specific pathogen free cat (SPF) and the bacterial composition was identified by direct sequencing of bacterial 16S rDNA amplicons. A predominant anaerobic microflora was observed in all evaluated segments of the intestine. Fourteen different bacterial orders were identified with the majority of all sequences classified in the class Clostridiales. Six different Clostridium clusters were identified with the majority of sequences affiliated with Clostridium cluster I. Comparative 16S rDNA analysis was also used to evaluate differences in the fecal microflora between healthy cats (n=6), cats with histopathologically confirmed inflammatory bowel disease (IBD; n=6), and cats with intestinal neoplasia (n=3). Compared to the IBD group, cats in the control group showed a significantly higher number of sequences classified as Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria (p<0.0001). The control group had a significantly higher proportion of clones affiliated with Clostridium cluster XI, and a significantly lower proportion affiliated with cluster I (both p<0.0001). In the neoplasia group, the majority of sequences were classified in the phylum Firmicutes (97.9%) and clones were predominately affiliated with Clostridium clusters I and XI. These data indicate that the feline intestinal microflora is highly diverse and is comprised predominantly of anaerobic bacteria. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the clinical significance of the observed differences in intestinal microflora between healthy cats and cats with gastrointestinal disease.
4

Studies on the chemical control of Fusarium ear blight of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Liggitt, Joanne January 1997 (has links)
The fungicides prochloraz and tebuconazole (at concentrations of2 J.lg ml-I ) were shown to reduce the mycelial growth of Fusarium culmorum, F. avenaceum, F. poae, F. gramineanlm and Microdochium nivale in vitro by over 90 % compared to the untreated control. In addition, chlorothalonil inhibited spore germination of all species and pyrimethanil reduced the mycelial growth of M nivale by over 60 % at 2 J.lg ml-I , although it was ineffective against the other species. In the glasshouse, prochloraz and tebuconazole were moderately effective in reducing the severity of fusarium ear blight (FEB) caused by F. culmorum and M nivale. The fungicides gave less effective control of FEB in the field. There was a significant relationship between the incidence and severity of FEB in 1995 but there was no significant relationship between ear blight and yield in either 1995 or 1996. It was proposed that the interactions between saprophytic microflora and ear blight pathogens may account for the poor performance of fungicides against FEB in vivo. Glasshouse and laboratory studies showed that Alternaria alternata, Botrytis cinerea and Cladosporium herbarum reduced the severity of FEB caused by F. culmorum and this antagonism was attributable to both volatile and non-volatile antibiotic production. The saprophytic species showed inherent variability in their sensitivity to the fungicides tested in vitro and in the glasshouse. It was shown that certain fungicides (e.g. pyrimethanil) which reduced mycelial growth of the saprophytic species in vitro allowed the pathogen to grow by reducing the antagonism of the microflora species against the pathogen. This may not be true for all fungicides in practice. It was also proposed that the inefficacy of fungicides to control FEB was due to a failure of the fungicide to reach the site of infection. It was shown, using a fluorescent tracer that retention 11 of spray was influenced by cultivar, time of application and fungicide. The amount of tracer retained was significantly correlated with the number of extruded anthers of wheat. When radio-labelled prochloraz was applied to the ears of wheat, the prochloraz was retained predominantly on the outer glumes, with very small amounts being retained by the florets and rachis. There was no movement of prochloraz between tissues and the half-life of the active ingredient was 48 hours. This work illustrates the efficacy of fungicides against Fusarium spp. and Microdochium nivale in vitro, under glasshouse conditions and in the field, and provides some evidence to explain their poor performance. It is proposed that future work should investigate environmental and biological factors which contribute to ear blight epidemics, in order that a forecasting system for fungicide application can be devised. Also, studies of fungicide activity against antagonistic ear microflora species and studies of fungicide retention and penetration may help to optimise fungicide application to control this disease.
5

Studium bakteriální mikroflóry u pacientek se spontánním předčasným porodem / The study of bacterial microflora at patients with spontaneous early delivery.

Pasdiorová, Markéta January 2014 (has links)
1. ABSTRACT Bc. Markéta Pasdiorová The study of bacterial microflora at patients with spontaneous early delivery Diploma thesis Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Healthcare Bioanalytics - Specialist in Laboratory Methods Backround: Premature delivery and premature rupture of membranes have been associated with maternal genital tract infections or with altered vaginal microflora during pregnancy. This work discuses knowledge about vaginal microbiome, premature delivery and analysis options of vaginal microbiome using next-generation sequencing. The aim of the work was to evaluate the composition of the bacterial microflora at patients with spontaneous preterm delivery and compared with each other of vaginal and cervical samples. Methods: The study group consisted of 7 patients with diagnosed spontaneous preterm delivery. Samples were obtained on the basis of cooperation with the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of University Hospital Hradec Králové. The evaluation of the vaginal microbiome was performed by pyrosequencing method using Genome Sequencer FLX+. Results: We have observed all typical patterns of the vaginal microflora in the samples tested. The most frequent species were Lactobacillus crispatus/casei and L. iners, which belong to the four most dominant...
6

Application of probiotic microorganisms to human intestinal pathogens

Fooks, Laura J. January 2001 (has links)
No description available.
7

Effects of prebiotic fibre diets on rat mucosal intestinal and systemic immunity and in vitro mechanistic analysis of anti-inflammatory effects of lactobacillus strains on rat and human intestinal epithelial cells

McCarville, Justin 01 August 2012 (has links)
Probiotics and prebiotics are emerging household terms, whose claimed health benefits share commonality. Their attributed health benefits include the production or induction of short chain fatty acids, maintaining bowel function, building colonization resistance (against pathogens) and treating antibiotic-associated diarrhea as well as colitis. Although both probiotic and prebiotic effects on immune system have been studied, the mechanisms of their activity are still not clearly defined and the conclusions drawn are elusive. While probiotics can act to influence the host at the cellular level, prebiotics, by definition, exert their effects indirectly through their impact on gut microbes. One purpose of this study was to investigate effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011 on innate immune parameters at the intestinal epithelial cell level, examining effects on both human and rat IEC. A second purpose was to define the effects of a range of prebiotic dietary fibres on the immune system at the mucosal and systemic level, using Biobreeding rats. L. rhamnosus demonstrated the ability to decrease proinflammatory cytokine and Toll-like receptor agonist-induced IL-8 and CINC-1 production from human and rat IEC, respectively. The timing of L. rhamnosus R0011 addition to HT-29 IEC, relative to proinflammatory challenge, influenced its ability to decrease IL-8 production. L. rhamnosus was more effective at decreasing production of IL-8 from human IEC when they were pre-incubated with this bacterium and subsequently challenged with proinflammatory stimuli. Certain effects of L. rhamnosus R011 were also observed in the absence of proinflammatory stimuli. Viable L. rhamnosus induced TNF-α production from rat IEC and heat-killed L. rhamnosus decreased constitutive TGF-β production from rat IEC and induced IL-8 or CINC-1 production from human and rat IEC, respectively. In Biobreeding rats, we demonstrated that oat dietary fibre significantly alters active TGF-β, CINC-1 and IL-6 levels in the colon in comparison to AIN-93G-fed rats. Wheat dietary fibre induced changes in active TGF-β, CINC-1 and IL-4 levels in the ileum in comparison to resistant starch-fed rats. Lastly, resistant starch exerted effects in the mesenteric lymph node, where changes in active TGF-β were observed in rats in comparison to AIN-93G-fed rats. Oat bran, wheat bran and resistant starch had no effects on cytokine levels in the serum or spleen of rats. Fructooligosaccharide-fed rats had a significant increase in active TGF-β levels in the colon and a significant decrease in active TGF-β levels in the spleen. Overall this suggests a FOS supplemented diet has both mucosal and systemic effects in rats, while wheat, oat and resistant starch supplemented diets had effects focused at the different locations at the mucosal level. These results illustrate differences in the ability of different dietary fibres to target immune parameters in specific mucosal tissues along the gastrointestinal tract and differential ability to exert systemic effects. Understanding the mechanism of action of probiotics provides insight into the downstream effects of prebiotics, while investigating effects of prebiotics on the immune system provides a broader view of the outcome of changes in gut microbiota composition and activity at the host organism level. / UOIT
8

Pathogenesis and control of infection associated with the oropharynx and the polyvinyl chloride endotracheal tube

McGovern, James Gerard January 1997 (has links)
No description available.
9

Dinâmica do fitoplâncton e microfitobentos da baía do sueste, arquipélago Fernando de Noronha, Pernambuco, brasil.

LIMA, Jucicleide Cabral de 31 January 2012 (has links)
Submitted by Danielle Karla Martins Silva (danielle.martins@ufpe.br) on 2015-03-12T16:52:38Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dinâmica do fitoplâncton e microfitobentos da Baía do Sueste, Arquipélago Fernando de Noronha, Pernambuco, Brasil. - Cópia.pdf: 3134281 bytes, checksum: 38fce2da16080aed98145fffb785095e (MD5) license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-12T16:52:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dinâmica do fitoplâncton e microfitobentos da Baía do Sueste, Arquipélago Fernando de Noronha, Pernambuco, Brasil. - Cópia.pdf: 3134281 bytes, checksum: 38fce2da16080aed98145fffb785095e (MD5) license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Este estudo teve por objetivo descrever a variação quali-quantitativa da microflora planctônica e bentônica em escala espaço-temporal, e identificar quais os principais fatores relacionados com as variações observadas no lado nordeste da ilha de Fernando de Noronha (PE). As coletas foram realizadas em maré de sizígia em três pontos fixos, durante o período chuvoso (março, maio e julho/2010) e de estiagem (setembro e novembro/2010; fevereiro/2011). Foram identificados 95 taxa para o fitoplâncton e 52 taxa para o microfitobentos. Apesar das diatomáceas terem sido o grupo com maior riqueza, as cianobactérias e dinoflagelados também estiveram representados com a dominância de Oscillatoria sp, Lepocinclis salina, Prorocentrum lima e pequenas diatomáceas (Bacillariophyceae) no fitoplâncton, e Aphanothece sp, Arthospira spirulinoides, Synechococcus sp, Bellerochea malleus e Navicula spp e cianobactérias (Chrorococcales) no microfitobentos. A diversidade específica na área é baixa a muito baixa, com aumento período chuvoso no P1 (fitoplâncton) e período de estiagem no P2 (microfitobentos). A estrutura das microalgas é afetada pelas variáveis ambientais (pluviometria, teores de salinidade, oxigênio dissolvido, taxa de saturação de oxigênio, pH e sais nutrientes), apontados como os fatores importantes nos ambientes (praia e laguna da Baía de Sueste) na ilha de Fernando de Noronha, Pernambuco.
10

Effects of Maternal Dietary Yeast Supplementation on Foal Growth and Microbial Diversity of the Hindgut in Quarter Horse Mares and Their Offspring

Share, Elizabeth R. 21 May 2015 (has links)
No description available.

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