意大利和台灣都有著典型的成熟經濟體的問題：人口老齡化，低生育率和長期勞工短缺，而這一切結合起來，便促使外籍勞工輸入到這個系統中。目前的研究是試圖找出台灣與義大利，兩個大規模移民 移入國，如何應證了這一新現象，透過分析它們各自的移民政策型態，發現交集和差異可以歸因於不同的經濟，政治和社會情況。 這項工作被劃分成數個章節，從一般到特殊。第一，解釋的目的和方法;第二，一個文學評論;第三和第四，分析意大利和台灣的情況;而最後兩章進行比較並得出結論。採用的方法是內容分析和歷史背景，利用定量和定性數據：前者是從初級和次級來源提取，從非結構化的與移民社區和移民機關面談。從這個研究的結果，很明顯，這兩個國家在他們各自的社會和經濟結構的變化都有不同的反應：緊急立法是比較典型的意大利決策，而規劃則是台灣的特徵。在這兩種情況下，國際政治都在影響政策的形成扮演了重要的角色：義大利作為一個已建立的超國家的一部分，歐盟，在立法上允許更多的授權;同時台灣在外交孤立與不安的兩岸關係上，則不得不更謹慎的規劃。 / Italy and Taiwan share common problems typical of mature economies: an aging population, a low fertility rate and a chronic labour shortage, which all combined have prompted the importation of foreign workers into their systems. The present research is an attempt to find out how the two countries – both latecomers in mass immigration – have coped with this new phenomenon, by analysing their respective immigration policy formations to uncover confluences and disparities that can be attributed to different economic, political and social circumstances. The work is divided in chapters that elaborate from the general to the particular. The first one explains purpose and methodology; the second one is a literary review; the third and fourth ones analyse the cases of Italy and Taiwan; and the final two chapters make comparisons and draw conclusions. The methods adopted are content analysis and historical background, making use of quantitative and qualitative data: the former are extracted from primary and secondary sources, the latter from unstructured interviews with migrant communities and authorities. From the results of this research, it is apparent that the two countries have responded differently to their respective social and economic structural changes: emergency legislation was more typical of the Italian policy-making, while planning characterised the Taiwanese attitude. In both cases international politics has played a major role in shaping policy formation: being part of an established supra-national formation such the EU allowed for more deferring and delegating in legislation; while being diplomatically isolated with a troubled cross-strait relationship compelled to a more cautious programming.