The purpose of this thesis is to analyse which factors drive migration from Turkey towards Europe and whether the welfare benefits play a major role in the decision making process. The analysis is based on a gravitation model of migration in log-log form. The FE and RE methods were employed as estimation techniques and the Hausman test enabled to distinguish them. The present problem of heteroscedasticity was solved by adjusting the model with robust standard errors. The most important determinants appear to be individual income which immigrants can earn in the states of the EU-15 and welfare benefits provided by the EU-15. The number of acquisition of citizenship, as a proxy for migration policy of countries the EU-15, plays also important role. The limitation of the model is that the rest of the variables are not statistically significant and therefore we do not consider them as important determinants.

Orientador: Bela Feldman-Bianco / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T13:07:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dias_GuilhermeMansur_D.pdf: 4969057 bytes, checksum: 398e47ac4003de55256aeed1177006e6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: Este trabalho investiga a articulação entre migração e segurança, tendo como foco a reprodução de políticas internacionais e a noção de tráfico de pessoas. Com base em uma etnografia multisituada, examino, em um primeiro momento, como os campos migratório e de justiça criminal tornaram-se interrelacionados no âmbito das políticas e legislações europeias e internacionais. Meu enfoque privilegia a observação de organismos internacionais que atuam na intersecção entre migração e segurança/criminalidade, mostrando seu papel na constituição de uma semântica da gestão migratória apoiada na re-apropriação de retóricas de direitos humanos. Em um segundo momento, analiso como as políticas que delineiam esta perspectiva têm sido difundidas e re-criadas no Brasil. Neste caso, a categoria "tráfico de pessoas" é utilizada como janela para acessar as complexidades inerentes à reprodução de mecanismos de governabilidade migratória vinculados ao controle de populações / Abstract: This thesis examines the link between migration and security, focusing on the reproduction of international policies and the concept of human trafficking. It is based on multi-sited ethnographic research conducted in Europe and Brazil. The first part of the thesis examines how migration and security became inter-related topics in European and international policymaking and legislation. The findings are based on the observation of several international organizations working in the field of migration and crime/security, tracing their role in the construction of a new discourse of migration governance, related to the use of human rights rhetoric. The second part of the thesis is comprised of the analysis of how the policies linking migration and security have been received and interpreted by the Brazilian State and society. In this case, the concept of "trafficking in human beings" and its introduction in the Brazilian context is used as a window to understand the complexities related to the migration apparatus and governance concerning the control of populations / Doutorado / Antropologia Social / Doutor em Antropologia Social

Orientador: Shiguenoli Miyamoto / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T23:24:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Moreira_JuliaBertino_D.pdf: 904265 bytes, checksum: 368a853f839f65caa41e975ab121b4f9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: Esta tese trata da política em relação aos refugiados adotada no Brasil, a partir do pósguerra até os dias atuais. Para realizar este trabalho, empregamos diversos métodos de pesquisa: revisão bibliográfica, pesquisa documental, entrevistas semiestruturadas e banco de dados sobre condições de vida dos refugiados no Brasil. O objetivo principal da tese foi analisar as decisões estatais brasileiras concernentes aos refugiados, durante a periodização mencionada. A análise se baseou em três eixos interligados: relação entre fatores internos e externos, relações entre atores (estatais e não estatais), regras de entrada e condições de vida propiciadas aos refugiados no país. Procuramos investigar como se deu a interação entre esses atores (órgãos estatais, organização internacional e instituições da sociedade civil e com os refugiados), contextualizada em momentos históricos específicos. Examinamos essas decisões lançando luz sobre a convergência entre os fatores internos e externos que as orientaram. Buscamos explicar que essas decisões focalizaram a regulação imigratória, mas não se centraram na estruturação das condições de vida dos refugiados no país, à medida que houve articulação dos atores estatais com atores não estatais para buscar viabilizá-las. Pretendemos demonstrar, com isso, que tais decisões configuram a política em relação aos refugiados no Brasil no sentido de regulation policy, não acompanhada por uma immigrant policy devidamente estruturada no país / Resumo: Esta tese trata da política em relação aos refugiados adotada no Brasil, a partir do pósguerra até os dias atuais. Para realizar este trabalho, empregamos diversos métodos de pesquisa: revisão bibliográfica, pesquisa documental, entrevistas semiestruturadas e banco de dados sobre condições de vida dos refugiados no Brasil. O objetivo principal da tese foi analisar as decisões estatais brasileiras concernentes aos refugiados, durante a periodização mencionada. A análise se baseou em três eixos interligados: relação entre fatores internos e externos, relações entre atores (estatais e não estatais), regras de entrada e condições de vida propiciadas aos refugiados no país. Procuramos investigar como se deu a interação entre esses atores (órgãos estatais, organização internacional e instituições da sociedade civil e com os refugiados), contextualizada em momentos históricos específicos. Examinamos essas decisões lançando luz sobre a convergência entre os fatores internos e externos que as orientaram. Buscamos explicar que essas decisões focalizaram a regulação imigratória, mas não se centraram na estruturação das condições de vida dos refugiados no país, à medida que houve articulação dos atores estatais com atores não estatais para buscar viabilizá-las. Pretendemos demonstrar, com isso, que tais decisões configuram a política em relação aos refugiados no Brasil no sentido de regulation policy, não acompanhada por uma immigrant policy devidamente estruturada no país / Resumo: Esta tese trata da política em relação aos refugiados adotada no Brasil, a partir do pós-guerra até os dias atuais. Para realizar este trabalho, empregamos diversos métodos de pesquisa: revisão bibliográfica, pesquisa documental, entrevistas semiestruturadas e banco de dados sobre condições de vida dos refugiados no Brasil. O objetivo principal da tese foi analisar as decisões estatais brasileiras concernentes aos refugiados, durante a periodização mencionada. A análise se baseou em três eixos interligados: relação entre fatores internos e externos, relações entre atores (estatais e não estatais), regras de entrada e condições de vida propiciadas aos refugiados no país. Procuramos investigar como se deu a interação entre esses atores (órgãos estatais, organização internacional e instituições da sociedade civil e com os refugiados), contextualizada em momentos históricos específicos. Examinamos essas decisões lançando luz sobre a convergência entre os fatores internos e externos que as orientaram. Buscamos explicar que essas decisões focalizaram a regulação imigratória, mas não se centraram na estruturação das condições de vida dos refugiados no país, à medida que houve articulação dos atores estatais com atores não estatais para buscar viabilizá-las. Pretendemos demonstrar, com isso, que tais decisões configuram a política em relação aos refugiados no Brasil no sentido de regulation policy, não acompanhada por uma immigrant policy devidamente estruturada no país / Abstract: This PhD dissertation approaches the refugee policy adopted in Brazil, from the post-war until nowadays. In order to accomplish this study, we used different research methods: bibliographic review, documental research, semi-structured interviews and data base on the living conditions of the refugees in Brazil. The main purpose was to analyze the Brazilian state decisions during the above mentioned period. The analysis was based on three interlinked axis: the relation between internal and external factors; the relations among (state and non-state) actors; the rules of entry and the living conditions provided to the refugees in the country. We seek to investigate how the interaction among these actors (state agencies, international organizations, civil society institutions and refugees) occurred in specific historical periods. We examined the decisions relating to refugees highlighting the convergence between internal and external guiding factors within specific contexts. We seek to explain that these decisions focused on the immigratory regulation. However they did not shed light on the structure of the refugees' living conditions in the country, given the fact that state and non state actors articulated themselves in order to provide them. We intend to demonstrate that these decisions characterize the refugee policy in Brazil as regulation policy, not accompanied by a properly structured immigrant policy in the country / Abstract: This PhD dissertation approaches the refugee policy adopted in Brazil, from the post-war until nowadays. In order to accomplish this study, we used different research methods: bibliographic review, documental research, semi-structured interviews and data base on the living conditions of the refugees in Brazil. The main purpose was to analyze the Brazilian state decisions during the above mentioned period. The analysis was based on three interlinked axis: the relation between internal and external factors; the relations among (state and non-state) actors; the rules of entry and the living conditions provided to the refugees in the country. We seek to investigate how the interaction among these actors (state agencies, international organizations, civil society institutions and refugees) occurred in specific historical periods. We examined the decisions relating to refugees highlighting the convergence between internal and external guiding factors within specific contexts. We seek to explain that these decisions focused on the immigratory regulation. However they did not shed light on the structure of the refugees' living conditions in the country, given the fact that state and non state actors articulated themselves in order to provide them. We intend to demonstrate that these decisions characterize the refugee policy in Brazil as regulation policy, not accompanied by a properly structured immigrant policy in the country / Abstract: This PhD dissertation approaches the refugee policy adopted in Brazil, from the post-war until nowadays. In order to accomplish this study, we used different research methods: bibliographic review, documental research, semi-structured interviews and data base on the living conditions of the refugees in Brazil. The main purpose was to analyze the Brazilian state decisions during the above mentioned period. The analysis was based on three interlinked axis: the relation between internal and external factors; the relations among (state and non-state) actors; the rules of entry and the living conditions provided to the refugees in the country. We seek to investigate how the interaction among these actors (state agencies, international organizations, civil society institutions and refugees) occurred in specific historical periods. We examined the decisions relating to refugees highlighting the convergence between internal and external guiding factors within specific contexts. We seek to explain that these decisions focused on the immigratory regulation. However they did not shed light on the structure of the refugees' living conditions in the country, given the fact that state and non state actors articulated themselves in order to provide them. We intend to demonstrate that these decisions characterize the refugee policy in Brazil as regulation policy, not accompanied by a properly structured immigrant policy in the country / Doutorado / Ciencia Politica / Doutor em Ciência Política

La démographie de l’espace sibérien constitue le cadre général de cette étude. L’analyse se concentre sur les processus migratoires et sur le rôle qu’ils jouent dans le peuplement et le dépeuplement de l’Est de la Russie. Si les statistiques officielles nous permettent de saisir à diverses échelles géographiques les tendances principales, plusieurs enquêtes de terrain, qualitatives et quantitatives sont au cœur de ce travail, menées dans deux régions de l’Est russe : le kraï de Krasnoïarsk et l’oblast de l’Amour, auprès de la population générale et d’un échantillon de migrants présents dans les deux régions d’étude et originaires d’Ukraine, d’Arménie, d’Azerbaïdjan, Kirghizistan, Ouzbékistan, Tadjikistan et Chine.Après avoir précisé les flux migratoires intrarégionaux, le processus d’exode rural, le déclin des villes secondaires et la forte attractivité des capitales régionales, l’étude portant sur l’échantillon de migrants met l’accent sur la distinction entre les temporaires et permanents, en tenant toutefois compte de l’impossibilité d’appliquer strictement un classement binaire à un phénomène complexe et fluide. Nous identifions différentes stratégies migratoires, indépendantes des statuts légaux accordés aux migrants en Russie. En tenant compte des intentions exprimées par les répondants, on est par ailleurs en mesure d’estimer le degré de conversion des temporaires en permanents, le pourcentage des étrangers ayant l’intention de s’installer à long terme en Russie et, en définitive, l’apport de l’immigration à la population des deux régions.A l’issue de cette recherche les projections démographiques permettent de réfléchir aux conséquences démographiques de différents contextes économiques et sociopolitiques de la Russie. La démarche fait ressortir une fois encore l’importance du facteur migratoire pour le devenir démographique de la Russie, ainsi que la nécessité d’un nouveau développement de l’attractivité des régions périphériques et de la Sibérie en général.Nous développons en conclusion une réflexion sur les conditions permettant un apport positif de la migration à l’économie et à la démographie sibérienne : favoriser la mobilité temporaire et à courte distance pour freiner la migration permanente de l’Est vers l’Ouest, améliorer le potentiel d’attraction des régions sibériennes en menant un réel processus de décentralisation politique et économique. Un tel processus n’est pas d’actualité, mais pourrait prendre place à moyen ou long terme. / The demographics of the Siberian area are the general framework of this study. The analysis focuses on migratory processes and the role they play in the population and depopulation of eastern Russia. Although the official statistics enable us to grasp the main trends on various geographical scales, several qualitative and quantitative field surveys are at the heart of this work, led in two regions of eastern Russia: Krasnoyarsk Krai and Amur Oblast, with the general population and a sample of migrants present in both study regions who were originally from Ukraine, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and China.After having described the intra-regional migratory flows, the rural exodus process, the decline of secondary cities and the strong appeal of the regional capitals, the study based on the sample of migrants places a strong emphasis on the difference between temporary and permanent migrants, yet takes into account the impossibility of strictly applying a binary classification to a complex and fluid phenomenon. We identify various migratory strategies that are independent from the legal statuses granted to migrants in Russia. Taking into account the intentions expressed by the respondents, we are able to estimate to what extent temporary migrants are converted to permanent migrants, the percentage of foreigners who intend to stay in Russia long term and give a definitive picture of immigration's contribution to the population of the two regions.At the end of this research, the demographic projections enable us to discuss the demographic consequences of various economic and socio-political contexts in Russia. The approach once again brings out the importance of the migratory factor to Russia's demographic future, as well as the need to newly develop the appeal of peripheral regions and Siberia in general.In conclusion, we discuss the conditions enabling the positive contribution of migration to the Siberian economy and demography: promoting temporary and short-distance mobility to slow down permanent migration from east to west and improving the potential for Siberian regions to attract migrants by leading a concrete political and economic decentralisation process. These processes are not yet in place, but could be implemented in the medium or long term.

Le présent travail de recherche se propose d’explorer un aspect méconnu de l’histoire des migrations post-coloniales : la politique migratoire de l’Algérie de 1962 à 1988. Pour ce faire, l’ensemble des sources imprimées produites en Algérie durant la période a été consultée afin de saisir non seulement les grandes articulations de cette politique mais également la perception et les représentations que l’État, ses relais et citoyens pouvaient nourrir à l’endroit des Algériens ayant quitté leur pays d’origine mais conservant des liens étroits avec ce dernier. Après avoir retracé les contours précis - qualitatifs et quantitatifs - de l’émigration algérienne dans un contexte juridique, diplomatique et territorial, ce travail s’intéresse aux structures assurant le lien entre pays de départ et d’accueil, autour des notions essentielles d’intégration et d’identité, qui façonnent les mentalités tant dans l’exil que dans le pays de départ. / The study focuses on an neglected field of research in the history of post-colonial migrations : Algerian emigration policy during the period from 1962 to 1988. To this end, all material published in Algeria during this period was consulted with the aim of ascertaining, not only the essential structure of this policy, but also the attitude of the State, its citizens and representatives towards the Algerians who had left - but maintained close ties with - their country of origin. Having identified the nature of Algerian émigration within a legal, diplomatic and territorial context, this study aims to define the structures that maintain the link with the mother country, encompassing the essential notions of integration and identity, that shape attitudes, both in exile ans in the country of origin.