The set of 68 misericords in Beverley Minster, Yorkshire, carved in 1520, are considered here both as a corpus of 'folkloric' imagery in their own right, and in a eider cultural context. A detailed iconographic examination of the individual misericords under such headings as 'The Fool and Follies', 'Satires', 'The bestiary' 'Exempla', etc., leads to the isolation of a small number of motifs which are seen not to belong to the native tradition. These non-English motifs are traced to two main sources, the border woodcuts in early Parisian printed Horae and Flemish & German prints. The identification of these sources for the Beverley designs leads to further identifications else here, and especially in the stalls of St. George's Chapel, llindsor, c. 1430. In the case of Beverley it is suggested that the means of transmission of such Continental imagery is via the port of Hull (the Customs Accounts for the port being examined in this light), and the printers and book-sellers of York. The local cultural milieu in which the Beverley stalls were created is examined and Henry Percy, the 'Magnificent' Fifth Earl of Northumberland, shown to be an influential patron of the arts; but other local influences considered include the late medieval dramatic cycles played in Beverley, the town 's patron saint John (portrayed as a 'hairy anchorite') and a York & London printer known to have printed in Beverley, Hugo Goes (whose unique woodblock-printed wallpaper is also discussed). Goes's Flemish origin leads to a consideration of the presence of other alien artists and craftsmen (e. q. ! Maynard Weywick who provided the patterns for Torrigiano's Westminster tombs) at work in late medieval and early Tudor England -- much of it assembled here for the first time.

Thesis (M.B.A.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2008.

Thesis (M.B.A.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2008.

Thesis (M.B.A.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2008.

This thesis, which is presented in two volumes, gives a detailed description of nearly all plays, poems and hymns written by Fred Pratt Green. In the first volume bibliographic detail of all extant plays is given. There is also a synopsis of several plays and a discussion particularly of the late plays. Most of the thirteen plays referred to have been discovered during this research. Copies of some of these plays are not generally available: two are in the British Library, two are at the Pratt Green collection at the University of Durham and the others are personal copies which I obtained from various sources. The poetry section lists all known poems and many of these have been dated as a result of my research findings. Their original place of publication is given. There is a critical commentary on the four main collections: This Unlikely Earth, The Skating Parson, The Old Couple and The Last Lap. A short discussion is included here focussing on poetry ranging from 1929-1960s which was not included in a main collection and which was discovered during this research. Volume One concludes with variations in poetry texts, from their first publication to their later inclusion in the above four main collections or later anthologies. The second volume contains a complete listing of hymns to date and hymnals in which they appear where relevant. The section starts with a detailed evaluation of Pratt Green's contribution to hymnody and examines some characteristics of his hymns. Considerable comparison of textual variation in published hymnals has been undertaken as part of this research and this is included in this section. Volume Two concludes with a discussion of the significance of the variations noted.

Thesis (Doctoral)--Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, 1981.

No description available.

The variety of contradictory approaches to the legal position of ministers of religion in South Africa as are apparent from court findings, theological discourse and church practice are indicative of a lack of clarity, and even confusion, regarding a matter that is of cardinal importance to the orderly functioning of the church as the body of Christ on earth. From this confusion in constitutional law as well as in the church, the topicality - actually, the undeniable necessity - of research into the legal position of ministers of religion has become quite apparent. The topicality of the research is indicated in Chapter 1 by reference to court cases (before and after 1996), theological discourse and church practice. The central research question of the study is formulated as follows: What is the legal position of Reformed ministers in South Africa - a religiously neutral state - considered on the basis of Reformed Church polity and against the background of the church-state context in South Africa after 1996? The central theoretical argument of the study is that the legal position of a minister of religion is a unique kind of relationship (alius generis), a relationship / association / connection / obligation that has to be regulated by the church as a unique community (sui generis) in the world. In South Africa courts should recognise and deem the legal position of Reformed ministers to be an internal church matter that falls outside the sphere of regulation of a religiously neutral state's labour legislation. This recognition should be based on the right of the church to define itself and its offices. In Chapter 2 the current confusion in South Africa regarding the legal position of ministers of religion is investigated further. Various points of view are discussed, for example that ministers are 'employees' of churches (church councils), that a minister's legal position has to be regarded as that of an independent contractor and the point of view that ministers are connected to the church by a unique relationship. The way in which the legal position of ministers of the Gospel is regarded in Germany is discussed in Chapter 3. The focus is inter alia on the meaning of religious freedom, neutrality of the state, constitutional provisions regarding the relationship between the state and the church, and the way in which the legal position of ministers of religion is regulated in the light of the German state-church context. The way in which the Reformed Churches in South Africa define and regulate the legal position of Reformed ministers as an internal church matter is investigated in Chapter 4. In this chapter the focus is on the following aspects: the order of the church that applies to the legal position of ministers in terms of Reformed church polity, as expressed in the church order, the meaning of a minister's relationship with the local church as regards his legal position, and the unique nature of a minister's legal position in terms of the relevant provisions of the church ordinances. The findings, recommendations and summary conclusion of the study are given in Chapter 5. The summary conclusion of the study is that an overall impression of the regulation of ministers' positions by the Reformed Churches in South Africa offers the following perspective: the Lord places the church and its ministers in a unique relationship. This relationship must be regulated by means of the church because the church ordinances inherently make provision for the regulation of this unique relationship. Regarded within the broad context of this study, the state may not exercise control over the legal position of ministers of religion because these ministers fulfil a religiously determined command and task. / Thesis (Ph.D. (Church Polity))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2006.

The variety of contradictory approaches to the legal position of ministers of religion in South Africa as are apparent from court findings, theological discourse and church practice are indicative of a lack of clarity, and even confusion, regarding a matter that is of cardinal importance to the orderly functioning of the church as the body of Christ on earth. From this confusion in constitutional law as well as in the church, the topicality - actually, the undeniable necessity - of research into the legal position of ministers of religion has become quite apparent. The topicality of the research is indicated in Chapter 1 by reference to court cases (before and after 1996), theological discourse and church practice. The central research question of the study is formulated as follows: What is the legal position of Reformed ministers in South Africa - a religiously neutral state - considered on the basis of Reformed Church polity and against the background of the church-state context in South Africa after 1996? The central theoretical argument of the study is that the legal position of a minister of religion is a unique kind of relationship (alius generis), a relationship / association / connection / obligation that has to be regulated by the church as a unique community (sui generis) in the world. In South Africa courts should recognise and deem the legal position of Reformed ministers to be an internal church matter that falls outside the sphere of regulation of a religiously neutral state's labour legislation. This recognition should be based on the right of the church to define itself and its offices. In Chapter 2 the current confusion in South Africa regarding the legal position of ministers of religion is investigated further. Various points of view are discussed, for example that ministers are 'employees' of churches (church councils), that a minister's legal position has to be regarded as that of an independent contractor and the point of view that ministers are connected to the church by a unique relationship. The way in which the legal position of ministers of the Gospel is regarded in Germany is discussed in Chapter 3. The focus is inter alia on the meaning of religious freedom, neutrality of the state, constitutional provisions regarding the relationship between the state and the church, and the way in which the legal position of ministers of religion is regulated in the light of the German state-church context. The way in which the Reformed Churches in South Africa define and regulate the legal position of Reformed ministers as an internal church matter is investigated in Chapter 4. In this chapter the focus is on the following aspects: the order of the church that applies to the legal position of ministers in terms of Reformed church polity, as expressed in the church order, the meaning of a minister's relationship with the local church as regards his legal position, and the unique nature of a minister's legal position in terms of the relevant provisions of the church ordinances. The findings, recommendations and summary conclusion of the study are given in Chapter 5. The summary conclusion of the study is that an overall impression of the regulation of ministers' positions by the Reformed Churches in South Africa offers the following perspective: the Lord places the church and its ministers in a unique relationship. This relationship must be regulated by means of the church because the church ordinances inherently make provision for the regulation of this unique relationship. Regarded within the broad context of this study, the state may not exercise control over the legal position of ministers of religion because these ministers fulfil a religiously determined command and task. / Thesis (Ph.D. (Church Polity))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2006.

No description available.