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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Efeito de características da calda e estádio da corda-de-viola na eficácia de carfentrazone-ethyl e saflufenacil / Effect of spray characteristics and morning-glory stage on the efficacy of carfentrazone-ethyl and saflufenacil

Agostineto, Mauricio Crestani 18 June 2015 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-08T16:44:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PGPV15MA174.pdf: 1010429 bytes, checksum: fe034957a32c1a3a626fd5db5aa86b68 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-06-18 / Weeds can cause significant yield losses in the agriculture, among them we can point out morning-glory species in many crops. To control that weed, we can use herbicides inhibiting protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase, in a selective way for a variety of crops. The objectives were: (i) to relate the response of Ipomoea hederifolia and Ipomoea quamoclit with the variation of doses of carfentrazone-ethyl and saflufenacil, of spray temperature at the moment of spraying, and of spray volume used; and (ii) to compare the efficacy of those herbicides sprayed isolately or mixed to glyphosate. Experiments were carried out from dose-response with carfentrazone-ethyl (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 5, 7.5, 10, 20, 35, 50, and 75 g ha-1 of the labeled herbicide Aurora®, 400 g a.i. L-1, FMC) and with saflufenacil (0, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 20, 35, and 50 g ha-1 of the labeled herbicide Heat®, 700 g a.i. kg-1, Basf), of variation of spray temperature (10 to 30 oC) and of variation of spraying volume (150 to 250 L ha-1). Evaluations were performed 14 days after spraying. In spite of showing differential response in relation to the dry mass accumulation, doses from 4 mL ha-1 of Aurora® and 5 g ha-1 of Heat® killed plants for both I. hederifolia and I. quamoclit. For carfentrazone-ethyl, increasing 10 L ha-1 in the spray volume reduced dry mass by 1.43% and 1.26% for I. hederifolia and I. quamoclit, respectively, while for saflufenacil, the reduction was by 12.73% and 11.30%, respectively for both species. For carfentrazone-ethyl, increasing 1 oC of spray temperature of reduced the dry mass by 0.22% and 0.35% for I. hederifolia and I. quamoclit, respectively, while for saflufenacil the reduction was by 0.56% and 0.30%, respectively for both species. The mix of carfentrazone-ethyl or saflufenacil with glyphosate provided a reduction by, at least, 10% greater of dry mass of I. hederifolia. We concluded that: carfentrazone-ethyl and saflufenacil are highly efficient to control I. hederifolia and I. quamoclit; increasing the spray volume and spray temperature provide greater efficacy to control both species, for both herbicides; and the mix with glyphosate improve the efficacy of controlling I. hederifolia for both herbicides / As plantas daninhas podem causar perdas significativas de produtividade na agricultura, dentre as quais se destacam as cordas-de-viola em diversos cultivos. Para seu controle podem ser utilizados herbicidas inibidores da enzima protoporfirinogênio IX oxidase, de maneira seletiva para diversos cultivos. Os objetivos foram: (i) relacionar a resposta de Ipomoea hederifolia e Ipomoea quamoclit com a variação da dose de carfentrazone-ethyl e saflufenacil, da temperatura da calda no momento da aplicação e do volume de calda aplicado; e (ii) comparar a eficácia destes herbicidas aplicados isoladamente e em mistura com glyphosate. Foram realizados experimentos de dose-resposta com carfentrazone-ethyl (0; 0,25; 0,5; 1; 2; 4; 5; 7,5; 10; 20; 35; 50 e 75 g ha-1 do produto comercial Aurora®, 400 g i.a. L-1, FMC) e com saflufenacil (0; 0,125; 0,25; 0,5; 1; 2; 2,5; 5; 7,5; 10; 20; 35 e 50 g ha-1 do produto comercial Heat®, 700 g i.a. kg-1, Basf), de variação de temperatura de calda (10 a 30 oC) e de variação de volume de calda (150 a 250 L ha-1). Avaliações de massa seca foram efetuadas 14 dias após a aplicação. Apesar de apresentarem resposta diferenciada quanto ao acúmulo de massa seca, doses a partir de 4 mL ha-1 de Aurora® e 5 g ha-1 de Heat® causaram a morte de plantas de I. hederifolia e I. quamoclit. Para carfentrazone-ethyl, o aumento de cada 10 L ha-1 no volume de calda aplicado reduziu a massa seca em 1,43% e 1,26% para I. hederifolia e I. quamoclit, respectivamente; enquanto para saflufenacil, a redução foi de 12,73% e 11,30%, respectivamente para essas espécies. Para carfentrazone-ethyl, o aumento de cada 1 oC na temperatura da calda reduziu a massa seca em 0,22% e 0,35% para I. hederifolia e I. quamoclit, respectivamente, enquanto para saflufenacil a redução foi de 0,56% e 0,30%, respectivamente para essas espécies. A mistura de carfentrazone-ethyl ou saflufenacil com glyphosate proporcionou redução de no mínimo 10% maior na massa seca de I. hederifolia. Conclui-se que: carfentrazone-ethyl e saflufenacil são altamente eficazes no controle de I. hederifolia e I. quamoclit; o aumento no volume de calda e na temperatura da calda proporcionam maior eficácia de controle dessas espécies, para ambos os herbicidas; e a mistura com glyphosate aumenta a eficácia de controle de I. hederifolia para ambos os herbicidas

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